diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index 4cea432..b294d3b 100644
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -22,3 +22,19 @@
 Win32-Release/
 x64-Debug/
 x64-Release/
+
+# Ignore autoconf / automake files
+Makefile.in
+aclocal.m4
+configure
+build-aux/
+autom4te.cache/
+googletest/m4/libtool.m4
+googletest/m4/ltoptions.m4
+googletest/m4/ltsugar.m4
+googletest/m4/ltversion.m4
+googletest/m4/lt~obsolete.m4
+
+# Ignore generated directories.
+googlemock/fused-src/
+googletest/fused-src/
diff --git a/.travis.yml b/.travis.yml
index 4afad4a..2fbb3b1 100644
--- a/.travis.yml
+++ b/.travis.yml
@@ -12,40 +12,47 @@
   include:
     - os: linux
       compiler: gcc
-      sudo: true
-      cache:
+      sudo : true
       install: ./ci/install-linux.sh && ./ci/log-config.sh
       script: ./ci/build-linux-bazel.sh
     - os: linux
       compiler: clang
-      sudo: true
-      cache:
+      sudo : true
       install: ./ci/install-linux.sh && ./ci/log-config.sh
       script: ./ci/build-linux-bazel.sh
     - os: linux
+      group: deprecated-2017Q4
       compiler: gcc
-      env: BUILD_TYPE=Debug VERBOSE=1
+      install: ./ci/install-linux.sh && ./ci/log-config.sh
+      script: ./ci/build-linux-autotools.sh
     - os: linux
+      group: deprecated-2017Q4
       compiler: gcc
-      env: BUILD_TYPE=Release VERBOSE=1 CXX_FLAGS=-std=c++11
+      env: BUILD_TYPE=Debug VERBOSE=1 CXX_FLAGS=-std=c++11
     - os: linux
+      group: deprecated-2017Q4
       compiler: clang
       env: BUILD_TYPE=Debug VERBOSE=1
     - os: linux
+      group: deprecated-2017Q4
       compiler: clang
       env: BUILD_TYPE=Release VERBOSE=1 CXX_FLAGS=-std=c++11
     - os: osx
       compiler: gcc
       env: BUILD_TYPE=Debug VERBOSE=1
+      if: type != pull_request
     - os: osx
       compiler: gcc
       env: BUILD_TYPE=Release VERBOSE=1 CXX_FLAGS=-std=c++11
+      if: type != pull_request
     - os: osx
       compiler: clang
       env: BUILD_TYPE=Debug VERBOSE=1
+      if: type != pull_request
     - os: osx
       compiler: clang
       env: BUILD_TYPE=Release VERBOSE=1 CXX_FLAGS=-std=c++11
+      if: type != pull_request
 
 # These are the install and build (script) phases for the most common entries in the matrix.  They could be included
 # in each entry in the matrix, but that is just repetitive.
diff --git a/BUILD.bazel b/BUILD.bazel
index 922ce04..6d82829 100644
--- a/BUILD.bazel
+++ b/BUILD.bazel
@@ -37,10 +37,21 @@
 licenses(["notice"])
 
 config_setting(
-    name = "win",
+    name = "windows",
+    values = { "cpu": "x64_windows" },
+)
+
+config_setting(
+    name = "windows_msvc",
     values = {"cpu": "x64_windows_msvc"},
 )
 
+config_setting(
+    name = "has_absl",
+    values = {"define": "absl=1"},
+)
+
+
 # Google Test including Google Mock
 cc_library(
     name = "gtest",
@@ -65,7 +76,8 @@
     ]),
     copts = select(
         {
-            ":win": [],
+            ":windows": [],
+            ":windows_msvc": [],
             "//conditions:default": ["-pthread"],
         },
     ),
@@ -76,11 +88,27 @@
         "googletest/include",
     ],
     linkopts = select({
-        ":win": [],
+        ":windows": [],
+        ":windows_msvc": [],
         "//conditions:default": [
             "-pthread",
         ],
     }),
+    defines = select ({
+        ":has_absl": [
+        "GTEST_HAS_ABSL=1",
+        ],
+        "//conditions:default": [],
+    }
+    ),
+    deps = select ({
+        ":has_absl": [
+        "@com_google_absl//absl/types:optional",
+        "@com_google_absl//absl/strings"
+        ],
+        "//conditions:default": [],
+    }
+    )
 )
 
 cc_library(
diff --git a/Makefile.am b/Makefile.am
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..433eefe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Makefile.am
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+## Process this file with automake to produce Makefile.in
+ACLOCAL_AMFLAGS = -I m4
+
+AUTOMAKE_OPTIONS = foreign
+
+# Build . before src so that our all-local and clean-local hooks kicks in at
+# the right time.
+SUBDIRS = googletest googlemock
+
+EXTRA_DIST = \
+  BUILD.bazel \
+  CMakeLists.txt \
+  README.md \
+  WORKSPACE
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index 7936300..157316c 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@
 
 ### Windows Requirements ###
 
-  * Microsoft Visual C++ 2010 or newer
+  * Microsoft Visual C++ 2015 or newer
 
 ### Cygwin Requirements ###
 
diff --git a/WORKSPACE b/WORKSPACE
index 106b824..1d5d388 100644
--- a/WORKSPACE
+++ b/WORKSPACE
@@ -1 +1,8 @@
 workspace(name = "com_google_googletest")
+
+# Abseil
+http_archive(
+     name = "com_google_absl",
+     urls = ["https://github.com/abseil/abseil-cpp/archive/master.zip"],
+     strip_prefix = "abseil-cpp-master",
+)
diff --git a/appveyor.yml b/appveyor.yml
index 4e8d6f6..84d9fbc 100644
--- a/appveyor.yml
+++ b/appveyor.yml
@@ -11,28 +11,15 @@
     - compiler: msvc-15-seh
       generator: "Visual Studio 15 2017 Win64"
       APPVEYOR_BUILD_WORKER_IMAGE: Visual Studio 2017
+      enabled_on_pr: yes
 
     - compiler: msvc-14-seh
       generator: "Visual Studio 14 2015"
+      enabled_on_pr: yes
 
     - compiler: msvc-14-seh
       generator: "Visual Studio 14 2015 Win64"
 
-    - compiler: msvc-12-seh
-      generator: "Visual Studio 12 2013"
-
-    - compiler: msvc-12-seh
-      generator: "Visual Studio 12 2013 Win64"
-
-    - compiler: msvc-11-seh
-      generator: "Visual Studio 11 2012"
-
-    - compiler: msvc-11-seh
-      generator: "Visual Studio 11 2012 Win64"
-
-    - compiler: msvc-10-seh
-      generator: "Visual Studio 10 2010"
-
     - compiler: gcc-5.3.0-posix
       generator: "MinGW Makefiles"
       cxx_path: 'C:\mingw-w64\i686-5.3.0-posix-dwarf-rt_v4-rev0\mingw32\bin'
@@ -43,7 +30,6 @@
 
 configuration:
   - Debug
-  #- Release
 
 build:
   verbosity: minimal
@@ -52,6 +38,14 @@
 - ps: |
     Write-Output "Compiler: $env:compiler"
     Write-Output "Generator: $env:generator"
+    if (-not (Test-Path env:APPVEYOR_PULL_REQUEST_NUMBER)) {
+      Write-Output "This is *NOT* a pull request build"
+    } else {
+      Write-Output "This is a pull request build"
+      if (-not (Test-Path env:enabled_on_pr) -or $env:enabled_on_pr -ne "yes") {
+        Write-Output "PR builds are *NOT* explicitly enabled"
+      }
+    }
 
     # git bash conflicts with MinGW makefiles
     if ($env:generator -eq "MinGW Makefiles") {
@@ -63,6 +57,10 @@
 
 build_script:
 - ps: |
+    # Only enable some builds for pull requests, the AppVeyor queue is too long.
+    if ((Test-Path env:APPVEYOR_PULL_REQUEST_NUMBER) -And (-not (Test-Path env:enabled_on_pr) -or $env:enabled_on_pr -ne "yes")) {
+      return
+    }
     md _build -Force | Out-Null
     cd _build
 
@@ -74,13 +72,18 @@
     if ($LastExitCode -ne 0) {
         throw "Exec: $ErrorMessage"
     }
-    & cmake --build . --config $env:configuration
+    $cmake_parallel = if ($env:generator -eq "MinGW Makefiles") {"-j2"} else  {"/m"}
+    & cmake --build . --config $env:configuration -- $cmake_parallel
     if ($LastExitCode -ne 0) {
         throw "Exec: $ErrorMessage"
     }
 
 test_script:
 - ps: |
+    # Only enable some builds for pull requests, the AppVeyor queue is too long.
+    if ((Test-Path env:APPVEYOR_PULL_REQUEST_NUMBER) -And (-not (Test-Path env:enabled_on_pr) -or $env:enabled_on_pr -ne "yes")) {
+      return
+    }
     if ($env:generator -eq "MinGW Makefiles") {
         return # No test available for MinGW
     }
diff --git a/ci/build-linux-autotools.sh b/ci/build-linux-autotools.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..cc404e9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ci/build-linux-autotools.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+# Copyright 2017 Google Inc.
+# All Rights Reserved.
+#
+#
+# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+# met:
+#
+#     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+#     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+# copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+# in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+# distribution.
+#     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+# this software without specific prior written permission.
+#
+# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+# OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+# SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+# THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+set -e
+
+. ci/get-nprocessors.sh
+
+# Create the configuration script
+autoreconf -i
+
+# Run in a subdirectory to keep the sources clean
+mkdir build || true
+cd build
+../configure
+
+make -j ${NPROCESSORS:-2}
diff --git a/ci/build-linux-bazel.sh b/ci/build-linux-bazel.sh
index 2f63896..3f1c784 100755
--- a/ci/build-linux-bazel.sh
+++ b/ci/build-linux-bazel.sh
@@ -33,3 +33,4 @@
 
 bazel build --curses=no //...:all
 bazel test --curses=no //...:all
+bazel test --curses=no //...:all --define absl=1
diff --git a/ci/get-nprocessors.sh b/ci/get-nprocessors.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..43635e7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ci/get-nprocessors.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+# Copyright 2017 Google Inc.
+# All Rights Reserved.
+#
+#
+# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+# met:
+#
+#     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+#     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+# copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+# in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+# distribution.
+#     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+# this software without specific prior written permission.
+#
+# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+# OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+# SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+# THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+# This file is typically sourced by another script.
+# if possible, ask for the precise number of processors,
+# otherwise take 2 processors as reasonable default; see
+# https://docs.travis-ci.com/user/speeding-up-the-build/#Makefile-optimization
+if [ -x /usr/bin/getconf ]; then
+    NPROCESSORS=$(/usr/bin/getconf _NPROCESSORS_ONLN)
+else
+    NPROCESSORS=2
+fi
+
+# as of 2017-09-04 Travis CI reports 32 processors, but GCC build
+# crashes if parallelized too much (maybe memory consumption problem),
+# so limit to 4 processors for the time being.
+if [ $NPROCESSORS -gt 4 ] ; then
+	echo "$0:Note: Limiting processors to use by make from $NPROCESSORS to 4."
+	NPROCESSORS=4
+fi
diff --git a/ci/travis.sh b/ci/travis.sh
index 24a557e..2dda68f 100755
--- a/ci/travis.sh
+++ b/ci/travis.sh
@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
 set -evx
 
+. ci/get-nprocessors.sh
+
 # if possible, ask for the precise number of processors,
 # otherwise take 2 processors as reasonable default; see
 # https://docs.travis-ci.com/user/speeding-up-the-build/#Makefile-optimization
diff --git a/configure.ac b/configure.ac
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..751b9ba
--- /dev/null
+++ b/configure.ac
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+AC_INIT([Google C++ Mocking and Testing Frameworks],
+        [1.8.0],
+        [googlemock@googlegroups.com],
+        [googletest])
+
+# Provide various options to initialize the Autoconf and configure processes.
+AC_PREREQ([2.59])
+AC_CONFIG_SRCDIR([./README.md])
+AC_CONFIG_AUX_DIR([build-aux])
+AC_CONFIG_FILES([Makefile])
+AC_CONFIG_SUBDIRS([googletest googlemock])
+
+AM_INIT_AUTOMAKE
+
+# Output the generated files. No further autoconf macros may be used.
+AC_OUTPUT
diff --git a/googlemock/CMakeLists.txt b/googlemock/CMakeLists.txt
index 21d61b1..bac2e3b 100644
--- a/googlemock/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/googlemock/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -88,16 +88,23 @@
 # Google Mock libraries.  We build them using more strict warnings than what
 # are used for other targets, to ensure that Google Mock can be compiled by
 # a user aggressive about warnings.
-cxx_library(gmock
-            "${cxx_strict}"
-            "${gtest_dir}/src/gtest-all.cc"
-            src/gmock-all.cc)
+if (MSVC)
+  cxx_library(gmock
+              "${cxx_strict}"
+              "${gtest_dir}/src/gtest-all.cc"
+              src/gmock-all.cc)
 
-cxx_library(gmock_main
-            "${cxx_strict}"
-            "${gtest_dir}/src/gtest-all.cc"
-            src/gmock-all.cc
-            src/gmock_main.cc)
+  cxx_library(gmock_main
+              "${cxx_strict}"
+              "${gtest_dir}/src/gtest-all.cc"
+              src/gmock-all.cc
+              src/gmock_main.cc)
+else()
+  cxx_library(gmock "${cxx_strict}" src/gmock-all.cc)
+  target_link_libraries(gmock gtest)
+  cxx_library(gmock_main "${cxx_strict}" src/gmock_main.cc)
+  target_link_libraries(gmock_main gmock)
+endif()
 
 # If the CMake version supports it, attach header directory information
 # to the targets for when we are part of a parent build (ie being pulled
@@ -177,23 +184,33 @@
   ############################################################
   # C++ tests built with non-standard compiler flags.
 
-  cxx_library(gmock_main_no_exception "${cxx_no_exception}"
-    "${gtest_dir}/src/gtest-all.cc" src/gmock-all.cc src/gmock_main.cc)
-
-  cxx_library(gmock_main_no_rtti "${cxx_no_rtti}"
-    "${gtest_dir}/src/gtest-all.cc" src/gmock-all.cc src/gmock_main.cc)
-
-  if (NOT MSVC OR MSVC_VERSION LESS 1600)  # 1600 is Visual Studio 2010.
-    # Visual Studio 2010, 2012, and 2013 define symbols in std::tr1 that
-    # conflict with our own definitions. Therefore using our own tuple does not
-    # work on those compilers.
-    cxx_library(gmock_main_use_own_tuple "${cxx_use_own_tuple}"
+  if (MSVC)
+    cxx_library(gmock_main_no_exception "${cxx_no_exception}"
       "${gtest_dir}/src/gtest-all.cc" src/gmock-all.cc src/gmock_main.cc)
 
-    cxx_test_with_flags(gmock_use_own_tuple_test "${cxx_use_own_tuple}"
-      gmock_main_use_own_tuple test/gmock-spec-builders_test.cc)
-  endif()
+    cxx_library(gmock_main_no_rtti "${cxx_no_rtti}"
+      "${gtest_dir}/src/gtest-all.cc" src/gmock-all.cc src/gmock_main.cc)
 
+    if (MSVC_VERSION LESS 1600)  # 1600 is Visual Studio 2010.
+      # Visual Studio 2010, 2012, and 2013 define symbols in std::tr1 that
+      # conflict with our own definitions. Therefore using our own tuple does not
+      # work on those compilers.
+      cxx_library(gmock_main_use_own_tuple "${cxx_use_own_tuple}"
+        "${gtest_dir}/src/gtest-all.cc" src/gmock-all.cc src/gmock_main.cc)
+
+      cxx_test_with_flags(gmock_use_own_tuple_test "${cxx_use_own_tuple}"
+        gmock_main_use_own_tuple test/gmock-spec-builders_test.cc)
+    endif()
+  else()
+    cxx_library(gmock_main_no_exception "${cxx_no_exception}" src/gmock_main.cc)
+    target_link_libraries(gmock_main_no_exception gmock)
+
+    cxx_library(gmock_main_no_rtti "${cxx_no_rtti}" src/gmock_main.cc)
+    target_link_libraries(gmock_main_no_rtti gmock)
+
+    cxx_library(gmock_main_use_own_tuple "${cxx_use_own_tuple}" src/gmock_main.cc)
+    target_link_libraries(gmock_main_use_own_tuple gmock)
+  endif()
   cxx_test_with_flags(gmock-more-actions_no_exception_test "${cxx_no_exception}"
     gmock_main_no_exception test/gmock-more-actions_test.cc)
 
diff --git a/googlemock/configure.ac b/googlemock/configure.ac
index c23ed45..cb5e1a6 100644
--- a/googlemock/configure.ac
+++ b/googlemock/configure.ac
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@
       GTEST_LDFLAGS=`${GTEST_CONFIG} --ldflags`
       GTEST_LIBS=`${GTEST_CONFIG} --libs`
       GTEST_VERSION=`${GTEST_CONFIG} --version`],
-      [AC_CONFIG_SUBDIRS([../googletest])
+      [
       # GTEST_CONFIG needs to be executable both in a Makefile environment and
       # in a shell script environment, so resolve an absolute path for it here.
       GTEST_CONFIG="`pwd -P`/../googletest/scripts/gtest-config"
diff --git a/googlemock/docs/CheatSheet.md b/googlemock/docs/CheatSheet.md
index c6367fd..f8bbbfe 100644
--- a/googlemock/docs/CheatSheet.md
+++ b/googlemock/docs/CheatSheet.md
@@ -178,6 +178,8 @@
 |`Ne(value)`           |`argument != value`|
 |`IsNull()`            |`argument` is a `NULL` pointer (raw or smart).|
 |`NotNull()`           |`argument` is a non-null pointer (raw or smart).|
+|`VariantWith<T>(m)`   |`argument` is `variant<>` that holds the alternative of
+type T with a value matching `m`.|
 |`Ref(variable)`       |`argument` is a reference to `variable`.|
 |`TypedEq<type>(value)`|`argument` has type `type` and is equal to `value`. You may need to use this instead of `Eq(value)` when the mock function is overloaded.|
 
diff --git a/googlemock/docs/CookBook.md b/googlemock/docs/CookBook.md
index 3d07e68..c2565f1 100644
--- a/googlemock/docs/CookBook.md
+++ b/googlemock/docs/CookBook.md
@@ -1231,7 +1231,7 @@
 object will be deleted.
 
 Therefore, if you have some complex matcher that you want to use again
-and again, there is no need to build it everytime. Just assign it to a
+and again, there is no need to build it every time. Just assign it to a
 matcher variable and use that variable repeatedly! For example,
 
 ```
@@ -1403,7 +1403,7 @@
 a DAG. We use the term "sequence" to mean a directed path in this
 DAG. Now, if we decompose the DAG into sequences, we just need to know
 which sequences each `EXPECT_CALL()` belongs to in order to be able to
-reconstruct the orginal DAG.
+reconstruct the original DAG.
 
 So, to specify the partial order on the expectations we need to do two
 things: first to define some `Sequence` objects, and then for each
@@ -2182,7 +2182,7 @@
 deleted.
 
 If you have some complex action that you want to use again and again,
-you may not have to build it from scratch everytime. If the action
+you may not have to build it from scratch every time. If the action
 doesn't have an internal state (i.e. if it always does the same thing
 no matter how many times it has been called), you can assign it to an
 action variable and use that variable repeatedly. For example:
diff --git a/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-matchers.h b/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-matchers.h
index c446bf7..9522c85 100644
--- a/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-matchers.h
+++ b/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-matchers.h
@@ -47,10 +47,9 @@
 #include <string>
 #include <utility>
 #include <vector>
-
+#include "gtest/gtest.h"
 #include "gmock/internal/gmock-internal-utils.h"
 #include "gmock/internal/gmock-port.h"
-#include "gtest/gtest.h"
 
 #if GTEST_HAS_STD_INITIALIZER_LIST_
 # include <initializer_list>  // NOLINT -- must be after gtest.h
@@ -515,7 +514,7 @@
 class MatcherCastImpl {
  public:
   static Matcher<T> Cast(const M& polymorphic_matcher_or_value) {
-    // M can be a polymorhic matcher, in which case we want to use
+    // M can be a polymorphic matcher, in which case we want to use
     // its conversion operator to create Matcher<T>.  Or it can be a value
     // that should be passed to the Matcher<T>'s constructor.
     //
@@ -1551,7 +1550,7 @@
 // MatcherList provides mechanisms for storing a variable number of matchers in
 // a list structure (ListType) and creating a combining matcher from such a
 // list.
-// The template is defined recursively using the following template paramters:
+// The template is defined recursively using the following template parameters:
 //   * kSize is the length of the MatcherList.
 //   * Head is the type of the first matcher of the list.
 //   * Tail denotes the types of the remaining matchers of the list.
@@ -2380,7 +2379,7 @@
 
    private:
     // Functors often define operator() as non-const method even though
-    // they are actualy stateless. But we need to use them even when
+    // they are actually stateless. But we need to use them even when
     // 'this' is a const pointer. It's the user's responsibility not to
     // use stateful callables with ResultOf(), which does't guarantee
     // how many times the callable will be invoked.
@@ -3304,14 +3303,23 @@
 GTEST_API_ ElementMatcherPairs
 FindMaxBipartiteMatching(const MatchMatrix& g);
 
-GTEST_API_ bool FindPairing(const MatchMatrix& matrix,
-                            MatchResultListener* listener);
+struct UnorderedMatcherRequire {
+  enum Flags {
+    Superset = 1 << 0,
+    Subset = 1 << 1,
+    ExactMatch = Superset | Subset,
+  };
+};
 
 // Untyped base class for implementing UnorderedElementsAre.  By
 // putting logic that's not specific to the element type here, we
 // reduce binary bloat and increase compilation speed.
 class GTEST_API_ UnorderedElementsAreMatcherImplBase {
  protected:
+  explicit UnorderedElementsAreMatcherImplBase(
+      UnorderedMatcherRequire::Flags matcher_flags)
+      : match_flags_(matcher_flags) {}
+
   // A vector of matcher describers, one for each element matcher.
   // Does not own the describers (and thus can be used only when the
   // element matchers are alive).
@@ -3323,9 +3331,12 @@
   // Describes the negation of this UnorderedElementsAre matcher.
   void DescribeNegationToImpl(::std::ostream* os) const;
 
-  bool VerifyAllElementsAndMatchersAreMatched(
-      const ::std::vector<std::string>& element_printouts,
-      const MatchMatrix& matrix, MatchResultListener* listener) const;
+  bool VerifyMatchMatrix(const ::std::vector<std::string>& element_printouts,
+                         const MatchMatrix& matrix,
+                         MatchResultListener* listener) const;
+
+  bool FindPairing(const MatchMatrix& matrix,
+                   MatchResultListener* listener) const;
 
   MatcherDescriberVec& matcher_describers() {
     return matcher_describers_;
@@ -3335,13 +3346,17 @@
     return Message() << n << " element" << (n == 1 ? "" : "s");
   }
 
+  UnorderedMatcherRequire::Flags match_flags() const { return match_flags_; }
+
  private:
+  UnorderedMatcherRequire::Flags match_flags_;
   MatcherDescriberVec matcher_describers_;
 
   GTEST_DISALLOW_ASSIGN_(UnorderedElementsAreMatcherImplBase);
 };
 
-// Implements unordered ElementsAre and unordered ElementsAreArray.
+// Implements UnorderedElementsAre, UnorderedElementsAreArray, IsSubsetOf, and
+// IsSupersetOf.
 template <typename Container>
 class UnorderedElementsAreMatcherImpl
     : public MatcherInterface<Container>,
@@ -3354,10 +3369,10 @@
   typedef typename StlContainer::const_iterator StlContainerConstIterator;
   typedef typename StlContainer::value_type Element;
 
-  // Constructs the matcher from a sequence of element values or
-  // element matchers.
   template <typename InputIter>
-  UnorderedElementsAreMatcherImpl(InputIter first, InputIter last) {
+  UnorderedElementsAreMatcherImpl(UnorderedMatcherRequire::Flags matcher_flags,
+                                  InputIter first, InputIter last)
+      : UnorderedElementsAreMatcherImplBase(matcher_flags) {
     for (; first != last; ++first) {
       matchers_.push_back(MatcherCast<const Element&>(*first));
       matcher_describers().push_back(matchers_.back().GetDescriber());
@@ -3378,34 +3393,32 @@
                                MatchResultListener* listener) const {
     StlContainerReference stl_container = View::ConstReference(container);
     ::std::vector<std::string> element_printouts;
-    MatchMatrix matrix = AnalyzeElements(stl_container.begin(),
-                                         stl_container.end(),
-                                         &element_printouts,
-                                         listener);
+    MatchMatrix matrix =
+        AnalyzeElements(stl_container.begin(), stl_container.end(),
+                        &element_printouts, listener);
 
-    const size_t actual_count = matrix.LhsSize();
-    if (actual_count == 0 && matchers_.empty()) {
+    if (matrix.LhsSize() == 0 && matrix.RhsSize() == 0) {
       return true;
     }
-    if (actual_count != matchers_.size()) {
-      // The element count doesn't match.  If the container is empty,
-      // there's no need to explain anything as Google Mock already
-      // prints the empty container. Otherwise we just need to show
-      // how many elements there actually are.
-      if (actual_count != 0 && listener->IsInterested()) {
-        *listener << "which has " << Elements(actual_count);
+
+    if (match_flags() == UnorderedMatcherRequire::ExactMatch) {
+      if (matrix.LhsSize() != matrix.RhsSize()) {
+        // The element count doesn't match.  If the container is empty,
+        // there's no need to explain anything as Google Mock already
+        // prints the empty container. Otherwise we just need to show
+        // how many elements there actually are.
+        if (matrix.LhsSize() != 0 && listener->IsInterested()) {
+          *listener << "which has " << Elements(matrix.LhsSize());
+        }
+        return false;
       }
-      return false;
     }
 
-    return VerifyAllElementsAndMatchersAreMatched(element_printouts,
-                                                  matrix, listener) &&
+    return VerifyMatchMatrix(element_printouts, matrix, listener) &&
            FindPairing(matrix, listener);
   }
 
  private:
-  typedef ::std::vector<Matcher<const Element&> > MatcherVec;
-
   template <typename ElementIter>
   MatchMatrix AnalyzeElements(ElementIter elem_first, ElementIter elem_last,
                               ::std::vector<std::string>* element_printouts,
@@ -3432,7 +3445,7 @@
     return matrix;
   }
 
-  MatcherVec matchers_;
+  ::std::vector<Matcher<const Element&> > matchers_;
 
   GTEST_DISALLOW_ASSIGN_(UnorderedElementsAreMatcherImpl);
 };
@@ -3465,7 +3478,7 @@
     TransformTupleValues(CastAndAppendTransform<const Element&>(), matchers_,
                          ::std::back_inserter(matchers));
     return MakeMatcher(new UnorderedElementsAreMatcherImpl<Container>(
-                           matchers.begin(), matchers.end()));
+        UnorderedMatcherRequire::ExactMatch, matchers.begin(), matchers.end()));
   }
 
  private:
@@ -3498,24 +3511,23 @@
   GTEST_DISALLOW_ASSIGN_(ElementsAreMatcher);
 };
 
-// Implements UnorderedElementsAreArray().
+// Implements UnorderedElementsAreArray(), IsSubsetOf(), and IsSupersetOf().
 template <typename T>
 class UnorderedElementsAreArrayMatcher {
  public:
-  UnorderedElementsAreArrayMatcher() {}
-
   template <typename Iter>
-  UnorderedElementsAreArrayMatcher(Iter first, Iter last)
-      : matchers_(first, last) {}
+  UnorderedElementsAreArrayMatcher(UnorderedMatcherRequire::Flags match_flags,
+                                   Iter first, Iter last)
+      : match_flags_(match_flags), matchers_(first, last) {}
 
   template <typename Container>
   operator Matcher<Container>() const {
-    return MakeMatcher(
-        new UnorderedElementsAreMatcherImpl<Container>(matchers_.begin(),
-                                                       matchers_.end()));
+    return MakeMatcher(new UnorderedElementsAreMatcherImpl<Container>(
+        match_flags_, matchers_.begin(), matchers_.end()));
   }
 
  private:
+  UnorderedMatcherRequire::Flags match_flags_;
   ::std::vector<T> matchers_;
 
   GTEST_DISALLOW_ASSIGN_(UnorderedElementsAreArrayMatcher);
@@ -3624,9 +3636,69 @@
                                                 const char* matcher_name,
                                                 const Strings& param_values);
 
+namespace variant_matcher {
+// Overloads to allow VariantMatcher to do proper ADL lookup.
+template <typename T>
+void holds_alternative() {}
+template <typename T>
+void get() {}
+
+// Implements a matcher that checks the value of a variant<> type variable.
+template <typename T>
+class VariantMatcher {
+ public:
+  explicit VariantMatcher(::testing::Matcher<const T&> matcher)
+      : matcher_(internal::move(matcher)) {}
+
+  template <typename Variant>
+  bool MatchAndExplain(const Variant& value,
+                       ::testing::MatchResultListener* listener) const {
+    if (!listener->IsInterested()) {
+      return holds_alternative<T>(value) && matcher_.Matches(get<T>(value));
+    }
+
+    if (!holds_alternative<T>(value)) {
+      *listener << "whose value is not of type '" << GetTypeName() << "'";
+      return false;
+    }
+
+    const T& elem = get<T>(value);
+    StringMatchResultListener elem_listener;
+    const bool match = matcher_.MatchAndExplain(elem, &elem_listener);
+    *listener << "whose value " << PrintToString(elem)
+              << (match ? " matches" : " doesn't match");
+    PrintIfNotEmpty(elem_listener.str(), listener->stream());
+    return match;
+  }
+
+  void DescribeTo(std::ostream* os) const {
+    *os << "is a variant<> with value of type '" << GetTypeName()
+        << "' and the value ";
+    matcher_.DescribeTo(os);
+  }
+
+  void DescribeNegationTo(std::ostream* os) const {
+    *os << "is a variant<> with value of type other than '" << GetTypeName()
+        << "' or the value ";
+    matcher_.DescribeNegationTo(os);
+  }
+
+ private:
+  static string GetTypeName() {
+#if GTEST_HAS_RTTI
+    return internal::GetTypeName<T>();
+#endif
+    return "the element type";
+  }
+
+  const ::testing::Matcher<const T&> matcher_;
+};
+
+}  // namespace variant_matcher
+
 }  // namespace internal
 
-// ElementsAreArray(first, last)
+// ElementsAreArray(iterator_first, iterator_last)
 // ElementsAreArray(pointer, count)
 // ElementsAreArray(array)
 // ElementsAreArray(container)
@@ -3675,20 +3747,26 @@
 }
 #endif
 
-// UnorderedElementsAreArray(first, last)
+// UnorderedElementsAreArray(iterator_first, iterator_last)
 // UnorderedElementsAreArray(pointer, count)
 // UnorderedElementsAreArray(array)
 // UnorderedElementsAreArray(container)
 // UnorderedElementsAreArray({ e1, e2, ..., en })
 //
-// The UnorderedElementsAreArray() functions are like
-// ElementsAreArray(...), but allow matching the elements in any order.
+// UnorderedElementsAreArray() verifies that a bijective mapping onto a
+// collection of matchers exists.
+//
+// The matchers can be specified as an array, a pointer and count, a container,
+// an initializer list, or an STL iterator range. In each of these cases, the
+// underlying matchers can be either values or matchers.
+
 template <typename Iter>
 inline internal::UnorderedElementsAreArrayMatcher<
     typename ::std::iterator_traits<Iter>::value_type>
 UnorderedElementsAreArray(Iter first, Iter last) {
   typedef typename ::std::iterator_traits<Iter>::value_type T;
-  return internal::UnorderedElementsAreArrayMatcher<T>(first, last);
+  return internal::UnorderedElementsAreArrayMatcher<T>(
+      internal::UnorderedMatcherRequire::ExactMatch, first, last);
 }
 
 template <typename T>
@@ -3730,7 +3808,9 @@
 const internal::AnythingMatcher _ = {};
 // Creates a matcher that matches any value of the given type T.
 template <typename T>
-inline Matcher<T> A() { return MakeMatcher(new internal::AnyMatcherImpl<T>()); }
+inline Matcher<T> A() {
+  return Matcher<T>(new internal::AnyMatcherImpl<T>());
+}
 
 // Creates a matcher that matches any value of the given type T.
 template <typename T>
@@ -4300,6 +4380,128 @@
   return internal::ContainsMatcher<M>(matcher);
 }
 
+// IsSupersetOf(iterator_first, iterator_last)
+// IsSupersetOf(pointer, count)
+// IsSupersetOf(array)
+// IsSupersetOf(container)
+// IsSupersetOf({e1, e2, ..., en})
+//
+// IsSupersetOf() verifies that a surjective partial mapping onto a collection
+// of matchers exists. In other words, a container matches
+// IsSupersetOf({e1, ..., en}) if and only if there is a permutation
+// {y1, ..., yn} of some of the container's elements where y1 matches e1,
+// ..., and yn matches en. Obviously, the size of the container must be >= n
+// in order to have a match. Examples:
+//
+// - {1, 2, 3} matches IsSupersetOf({Ge(3), Ne(0)}), as 3 matches Ge(3) and
+//   1 matches Ne(0).
+// - {1, 2} doesn't match IsSupersetOf({Eq(1), Lt(2)}), even though 1 matches
+//   both Eq(1) and Lt(2). The reason is that different matchers must be used
+//   for elements in different slots of the container.
+// - {1, 1, 2} matches IsSupersetOf({Eq(1), Lt(2)}), as (the first) 1 matches
+//   Eq(1) and (the second) 1 matches Lt(2).
+// - {1, 2, 3} matches IsSupersetOf(Gt(1), Gt(1)), as 2 matches (the first)
+//   Gt(1) and 3 matches (the second) Gt(1).
+//
+// The matchers can be specified as an array, a pointer and count, a container,
+// an initializer list, or an STL iterator range. In each of these cases, the
+// underlying matchers can be either values or matchers.
+
+template <typename Iter>
+inline internal::UnorderedElementsAreArrayMatcher<
+    typename ::std::iterator_traits<Iter>::value_type>
+IsSupersetOf(Iter first, Iter last) {
+  typedef typename ::std::iterator_traits<Iter>::value_type T;
+  return internal::UnorderedElementsAreArrayMatcher<T>(
+      internal::UnorderedMatcherRequire::Superset, first, last);
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+inline internal::UnorderedElementsAreArrayMatcher<T> IsSupersetOf(
+    const T* pointer, size_t count) {
+  return IsSupersetOf(pointer, pointer + count);
+}
+
+template <typename T, size_t N>
+inline internal::UnorderedElementsAreArrayMatcher<T> IsSupersetOf(
+    const T (&array)[N]) {
+  return IsSupersetOf(array, N);
+}
+
+template <typename Container>
+inline internal::UnorderedElementsAreArrayMatcher<
+    typename Container::value_type>
+IsSupersetOf(const Container& container) {
+  return IsSupersetOf(container.begin(), container.end());
+}
+
+#if GTEST_HAS_STD_INITIALIZER_LIST_
+template <typename T>
+inline internal::UnorderedElementsAreArrayMatcher<T> IsSupersetOf(
+    ::std::initializer_list<T> xs) {
+  return IsSupersetOf(xs.begin(), xs.end());
+}
+#endif
+
+// IsSubsetOf(iterator_first, iterator_last)
+// IsSubsetOf(pointer, count)
+// IsSubsetOf(array)
+// IsSubsetOf(container)
+// IsSubsetOf({e1, e2, ..., en})
+//
+// IsSubsetOf() verifies that an injective mapping onto a collection of matchers
+// exists.  In other words, a container matches IsSubsetOf({e1, ..., en}) if and
+// only if there is a subset of matchers {m1, ..., mk} which would match the
+// container using UnorderedElementsAre.  Obviously, the size of the container
+// must be <= n in order to have a match. Examples:
+//
+// - {1} matches IsSubsetOf({Gt(0), Lt(0)}), as 1 matches Gt(0).
+// - {1, -1} matches IsSubsetOf({Lt(0), Gt(0)}), as 1 matches Gt(0) and -1
+//   matches Lt(0).
+// - {1, 2} doesn't matches IsSubsetOf({Gt(0), Lt(0)}), even though 1 and 2 both
+//   match Gt(0). The reason is that different matchers must be used for
+//   elements in different slots of the container.
+//
+// The matchers can be specified as an array, a pointer and count, a container,
+// an initializer list, or an STL iterator range. In each of these cases, the
+// underlying matchers can be either values or matchers.
+
+template <typename Iter>
+inline internal::UnorderedElementsAreArrayMatcher<
+    typename ::std::iterator_traits<Iter>::value_type>
+IsSubsetOf(Iter first, Iter last) {
+  typedef typename ::std::iterator_traits<Iter>::value_type T;
+  return internal::UnorderedElementsAreArrayMatcher<T>(
+      internal::UnorderedMatcherRequire::Subset, first, last);
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+inline internal::UnorderedElementsAreArrayMatcher<T> IsSubsetOf(
+    const T* pointer, size_t count) {
+  return IsSubsetOf(pointer, pointer + count);
+}
+
+template <typename T, size_t N>
+inline internal::UnorderedElementsAreArrayMatcher<T> IsSubsetOf(
+    const T (&array)[N]) {
+  return IsSubsetOf(array, N);
+}
+
+template <typename Container>
+inline internal::UnorderedElementsAreArrayMatcher<
+    typename Container::value_type>
+IsSubsetOf(const Container& container) {
+  return IsSubsetOf(container.begin(), container.end());
+}
+
+#if GTEST_HAS_STD_INITIALIZER_LIST_
+template <typename T>
+inline internal::UnorderedElementsAreArrayMatcher<T> IsSubsetOf(
+    ::std::initializer_list<T> xs) {
+  return IsSubsetOf(xs.begin(), xs.end());
+}
+#endif
+
 // Matches an STL-style container or a native array that contains only
 // elements matching the given value or matcher.
 //
@@ -4398,6 +4600,17 @@
 template <typename InnerMatcher>
 inline InnerMatcher AllArgs(const InnerMatcher& matcher) { return matcher; }
 
+// Returns a matcher that matches the value of a variant<> type variable.
+// The matcher implementation uses ADL to find the holds_alternative and get
+// functions.
+// It is compatible with std::variant.
+template <typename T>
+PolymorphicMatcher<internal::variant_matcher::VariantMatcher<T> > VariantWith(
+    const Matcher<const T&>& matcher) {
+  return MakePolymorphicMatcher(
+      internal::variant_matcher::VariantMatcher<T>(matcher));
+}
+
 // These macros allow using matchers to check values in Google Test
 // tests.  ASSERT_THAT(value, matcher) and EXPECT_THAT(value, matcher)
 // succeed iff the value matches the matcher.  If the assertion fails,
diff --git a/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-more-matchers.h b/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-more-matchers.h
index 3db899f..a5a8bfa 100644
--- a/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-more-matchers.h
+++ b/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-more-matchers.h
@@ -53,6 +53,22 @@
   return false;
 }
 
+// Define a matcher that matches a value that evaluates in boolean
+// context to true.  Useful for types that define "explicit operator
+// bool" operators and so can't be compared for equality with true
+// and false.
+MATCHER(IsTrue, negation ? "is false" : "is true") {
+  return static_cast<bool>(arg);
+}
+
+// Define a matcher that matches a value that evaluates in boolean
+// context to false.  Useful for types that define "explicit operator
+// bool" operators and so can't be compared for equality with true
+// and false.
+MATCHER(IsFalse, negation ? "is true" : "is false") {
+  return !static_cast<bool>(arg);
+}
+
 }  // namespace testing
 
 #endif  // GMOCK_GMOCK_MORE_MATCHERS_H_
diff --git a/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-spec-builders.h b/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-spec-builders.h
index a8347bd..c1b6301 100644
--- a/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-spec-builders.h
+++ b/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-spec-builders.h
@@ -65,11 +65,6 @@
 #include <sstream>
 #include <string>
 #include <vector>
-
-#if GTEST_HAS_EXCEPTIONS
-# include <stdexcept>  // NOLINT
-#endif
-
 #include "gmock/gmock-actions.h"
 #include "gmock/gmock-cardinalities.h"
 #include "gmock/gmock-matchers.h"
@@ -77,6 +72,10 @@
 #include "gmock/internal/gmock-port.h"
 #include "gtest/gtest.h"
 
+#if GTEST_HAS_EXCEPTIONS
+# include <stdexcept>  // NOLINT
+#endif
+
 namespace testing {
 
 // An abstract handle of an expectation.
diff --git a/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock.h b/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock.h
index 5764bc8..6ccb118 100644
--- a/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock.h
+++ b/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock.h
@@ -59,8 +59,8 @@
 #include "gmock/gmock-cardinalities.h"
 #include "gmock/gmock-generated-actions.h"
 #include "gmock/gmock-generated-function-mockers.h"
-#include "gmock/gmock-generated-nice-strict.h"
 #include "gmock/gmock-generated-matchers.h"
+#include "gmock/gmock-generated-nice-strict.h"
 #include "gmock/gmock-matchers.h"
 #include "gmock/gmock-more-actions.h"
 #include "gmock/gmock-more-matchers.h"
diff --git a/googlemock/include/gmock/internal/gmock-generated-internal-utils.h b/googlemock/include/gmock/internal/gmock-generated-internal-utils.h
index 7811e43..cd94d64 100644
--- a/googlemock/include/gmock/internal/gmock-generated-internal-utils.h
+++ b/googlemock/include/gmock/internal/gmock-generated-internal-utils.h
@@ -90,42 +90,48 @@
 
 template <typename A1, typename A2, typename A3, typename A4>
 struct MatcherTuple< ::testing::tuple<A1, A2, A3, A4> > {
-  typedef ::testing::tuple<Matcher<A1>, Matcher<A2>, Matcher<A3>,
-      Matcher<A4> > type;
+  typedef ::testing::tuple<Matcher<A1>, Matcher<A2>, Matcher<A3>, Matcher<A4> >
+      type;
 };
 
 template <typename A1, typename A2, typename A3, typename A4, typename A5>
 struct MatcherTuple< ::testing::tuple<A1, A2, A3, A4, A5> > {
   typedef ::testing::tuple<Matcher<A1>, Matcher<A2>, Matcher<A3>, Matcher<A4>,
-      Matcher<A5> > type;
+                           Matcher<A5> >
+      type;
 };
 
 template <typename A1, typename A2, typename A3, typename A4, typename A5,
     typename A6>
 struct MatcherTuple< ::testing::tuple<A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6> > {
   typedef ::testing::tuple<Matcher<A1>, Matcher<A2>, Matcher<A3>, Matcher<A4>,
-      Matcher<A5>, Matcher<A6> > type;
+                           Matcher<A5>, Matcher<A6> >
+      type;
 };
 
 template <typename A1, typename A2, typename A3, typename A4, typename A5,
     typename A6, typename A7>
 struct MatcherTuple< ::testing::tuple<A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7> > {
   typedef ::testing::tuple<Matcher<A1>, Matcher<A2>, Matcher<A3>, Matcher<A4>,
-      Matcher<A5>, Matcher<A6>, Matcher<A7> > type;
+                           Matcher<A5>, Matcher<A6>, Matcher<A7> >
+      type;
 };
 
 template <typename A1, typename A2, typename A3, typename A4, typename A5,
     typename A6, typename A7, typename A8>
 struct MatcherTuple< ::testing::tuple<A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, A8> > {
   typedef ::testing::tuple<Matcher<A1>, Matcher<A2>, Matcher<A3>, Matcher<A4>,
-      Matcher<A5>, Matcher<A6>, Matcher<A7>, Matcher<A8> > type;
+                           Matcher<A5>, Matcher<A6>, Matcher<A7>, Matcher<A8> >
+      type;
 };
 
 template <typename A1, typename A2, typename A3, typename A4, typename A5,
     typename A6, typename A7, typename A8, typename A9>
 struct MatcherTuple< ::testing::tuple<A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, A8, A9> > {
   typedef ::testing::tuple<Matcher<A1>, Matcher<A2>, Matcher<A3>, Matcher<A4>,
-      Matcher<A5>, Matcher<A6>, Matcher<A7>, Matcher<A8>, Matcher<A9> > type;
+                           Matcher<A5>, Matcher<A6>, Matcher<A7>, Matcher<A8>,
+                           Matcher<A9> >
+      type;
 };
 
 template <typename A1, typename A2, typename A3, typename A4, typename A5,
@@ -133,8 +139,9 @@
 struct MatcherTuple< ::testing::tuple<A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, A8, A9,
     A10> > {
   typedef ::testing::tuple<Matcher<A1>, Matcher<A2>, Matcher<A3>, Matcher<A4>,
-      Matcher<A5>, Matcher<A6>, Matcher<A7>, Matcher<A8>, Matcher<A9>,
-      Matcher<A10> > type;
+                           Matcher<A5>, Matcher<A6>, Matcher<A7>, Matcher<A8>,
+                           Matcher<A9>, Matcher<A10> >
+      type;
 };
 
 // Template struct Function<F>, where F must be a function type, contains
diff --git a/googlemock/include/gmock/internal/gmock-internal-utils.h b/googlemock/include/gmock/internal/gmock-internal-utils.h
index 7e65cea..319b389 100644
--- a/googlemock/include/gmock/internal/gmock-internal-utils.h
+++ b/googlemock/include/gmock/internal/gmock-internal-utils.h
@@ -41,7 +41,6 @@
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <ostream>  // NOLINT
 #include <string>
-
 #include "gmock/internal/gmock-generated-internal-utils.h"
 #include "gmock/internal/gmock-port.h"
 #include "gtest/gtest.h"
@@ -49,11 +48,15 @@
 namespace testing {
 namespace internal {
 
+// Joins a vector of strings as if they are fields of a tuple; returns
+// the joined string.
+GTEST_API_ std::string JoinAsTuple(const Strings& fields);
+
 // Converts an identifier name to a space-separated list of lower-case
 // words.  Each maximum substring of the form [A-Za-z][a-z]*|\d+ is
 // treated as one word.  For example, both "FooBar123" and
 // "foo_bar_123" are converted to "foo bar 123".
-GTEST_API_ string ConvertIdentifierNameToWords(const char* id_name);
+GTEST_API_ std::string ConvertIdentifierNameToWords(const char* id_name);
 
 // PointeeOf<Pointer>::type is the type of a value pointed to by a
 // Pointer, which can be either a smart pointer or a raw pointer.  The
@@ -503,8 +506,38 @@
 template <bool kValue>
 struct BooleanConstant {};
 
+// Emit an assertion failure due to incorrect DoDefault() usage. Out-of-lined to
+// reduce code size.
+void IllegalDoDefault(const char* file, int line);
+
+#if GTEST_LANG_CXX11
+// Helper types for Apply() below.
+template <size_t... Is> struct int_pack { typedef int_pack type; };
+
+template <class Pack, size_t I> struct append;
+template <size_t... Is, size_t I>
+struct append<int_pack<Is...>, I> : int_pack<Is..., I> {};
+
+template <size_t C>
+struct make_int_pack : append<typename make_int_pack<C - 1>::type, C - 1> {};
+template <> struct make_int_pack<0> : int_pack<> {};
+
+template <typename F, typename Tuple, size_t... Idx>
+auto ApplyImpl(F&& f, Tuple&& args, int_pack<Idx...>) -> decltype(
+    std::forward<F>(f)(std::get<Idx>(std::forward<Tuple>(args))...)) {
+  return std::forward<F>(f)(std::get<Idx>(std::forward<Tuple>(args))...);
+}
+
+// Apply the function to a tuple of arguments.
+template <typename F, typename Tuple>
+auto Apply(F&& f, Tuple&& args)
+    -> decltype(ApplyImpl(std::forward<F>(f), std::forward<Tuple>(args),
+                          make_int_pack<std::tuple_size<Tuple>::value>())) {
+  return ApplyImpl(std::forward<F>(f), std::forward<Tuple>(args),
+                   make_int_pack<std::tuple_size<Tuple>::value>());
+}
+#endif
 }  // namespace internal
 }  // namespace testing
 
 #endif  // GMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_INTERNAL_GMOCK_INTERNAL_UTILS_H_
-
diff --git a/googlemock/include/gmock/internal/gmock-port.h b/googlemock/include/gmock/internal/gmock-port.h
index 63f4a68..cb37f26 100644
--- a/googlemock/include/gmock/internal/gmock-port.h
+++ b/googlemock/include/gmock/internal/gmock-port.h
@@ -50,15 +50,11 @@
 // portability utilities to Google Test's gtest-port.h instead of
 // here, as Google Mock depends on Google Test.  Only add a utility
 // here if it's truly specific to Google Mock.
+
 #include "gtest/internal/gtest-linked_ptr.h"
 #include "gtest/internal/gtest-port.h"
 #include "gmock/internal/custom/gmock-port.h"
 
-// To avoid conditional compilation everywhere, we make it
-// gmock-port.h's responsibility to #include the header implementing
-// tr1/tuple.  gmock-port.h does this via gtest-port.h, which is
-// guaranteed to pull in the tuple header.
-
 // For MS Visual C++, check the compiler version. At least VS 2003 is
 // required to compile Google Mock.
 #if defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER < 1310
@@ -72,18 +68,18 @@
 #if !defined(GMOCK_DECLARE_bool_)
 
 // Macros for declaring flags.
-#define GMOCK_DECLARE_bool_(name) extern GTEST_API_ bool GMOCK_FLAG(name)
-#define GMOCK_DECLARE_int32_(name) \
+# define GMOCK_DECLARE_bool_(name) extern GTEST_API_ bool GMOCK_FLAG(name)
+# define GMOCK_DECLARE_int32_(name) \
     extern GTEST_API_ ::testing::internal::Int32 GMOCK_FLAG(name)
-#define GMOCK_DECLARE_string_(name) \
+# define GMOCK_DECLARE_string_(name) \
     extern GTEST_API_ ::std::string GMOCK_FLAG(name)
 
 // Macros for defining flags.
-#define GMOCK_DEFINE_bool_(name, default_val, doc) \
+# define GMOCK_DEFINE_bool_(name, default_val, doc) \
     GTEST_API_ bool GMOCK_FLAG(name) = (default_val)
-#define GMOCK_DEFINE_int32_(name, default_val, doc) \
+# define GMOCK_DEFINE_int32_(name, default_val, doc) \
     GTEST_API_ ::testing::internal::Int32 GMOCK_FLAG(name) = (default_val)
-#define GMOCK_DEFINE_string_(name, default_val, doc) \
+# define GMOCK_DEFINE_string_(name, default_val, doc) \
     GTEST_API_ ::std::string GMOCK_FLAG(name) = (default_val)
 
 #endif  // !defined(GMOCK_DECLARE_bool_)
diff --git a/googlemock/scripts/generator/cpp/ast.py b/googlemock/scripts/generator/cpp/ast.py
index 11cbe91..cce3272 100755
--- a/googlemock/scripts/generator/cpp/ast.py
+++ b/googlemock/scripts/generator/cpp/ast.py
@@ -338,7 +338,7 @@
         # TODO(nnorwitz): handle namespaces, etc.
         if self.bases:
             for token_list in self.bases:
-                # TODO(nnorwitz): bases are tokens, do name comparision.
+                # TODO(nnorwitz): bases are tokens, do name comparison.
                 for token in token_list:
                     if token.name == node.name:
                         return True
@@ -381,7 +381,7 @@
 
     def Requires(self, node):
         if self.parameters:
-            # TODO(nnorwitz): parameters are tokens, do name comparision.
+            # TODO(nnorwitz): parameters are tokens, do name comparison.
             for p in self.parameters:
                 if p.name == node.name:
                     return True
@@ -858,7 +858,7 @@
             last_token = self._GetNextToken()
         return tokens, last_token
 
-    # TODO(nnorwitz): remove _IgnoreUpTo() it shouldn't be necesary.
+    # TODO(nnorwitz): remove _IgnoreUpTo() it shouldn't be necessary.
     def _IgnoreUpTo(self, token_type, token):
         unused_tokens = self._GetTokensUpTo(token_type, token)
 
diff --git a/googlemock/src/gmock-internal-utils.cc b/googlemock/src/gmock-internal-utils.cc
index 91bf3fd..658fa62 100644
--- a/googlemock/src/gmock-internal-utils.cc
+++ b/googlemock/src/gmock-internal-utils.cc
@@ -47,6 +47,25 @@
 namespace testing {
 namespace internal {
 
+// Joins a vector of strings as if they are fields of a tuple; returns
+// the joined string.
+GTEST_API_ std::string JoinAsTuple(const Strings& fields) {
+  switch (fields.size()) {
+    case 0:
+      return "";
+    case 1:
+      return fields[0];
+    default:
+      std::string result = "(" + fields[0];
+      for (size_t i = 1; i < fields.size(); i++) {
+        result += ", ";
+        result += fields[i];
+      }
+      result += ")";
+      return result;
+  }
+}
+
 // Converts an identifier name to a space-separated list of lower-case
 // words.  Each maximum substring of the form [A-Za-z][a-z]*|\d+ is
 // treated as one word.  For example, both "FooBar123" and
diff --git a/googlemock/src/gmock-matchers.cc b/googlemock/src/gmock-matchers.cc
index 6e40e5e..88e4008 100644
--- a/googlemock/src/gmock-matchers.cc
+++ b/googlemock/src/gmock-matchers.cc
@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@
 #include "gmock/gmock-generated-matchers.h"
 
 #include <string.h>
+#include <iostream>
 #include <sstream>
 #include <string>
 
@@ -100,25 +101,6 @@
 
 namespace internal {
 
-// Joins a vector of strings as if they are fields of a tuple; returns
-// the joined string.
-GTEST_API_ string JoinAsTuple(const Strings& fields) {
-  switch (fields.size()) {
-    case 0:
-      return "";
-    case 1:
-      return fields[0];
-    default:
-      string result = "(" + fields[0];
-      for (size_t i = 1; i < fields.size(); i++) {
-        result += ", ";
-        result += fields[i];
-      }
-      result += ")";
-      return result;
-  }
-}
-
 // Returns the description for a matcher defined using the MATCHER*()
 // macro where the user-supplied description string is "", if
 // 'negation' is false; otherwise returns the description of the
@@ -200,8 +182,7 @@
   explicit MaxBipartiteMatchState(const MatchMatrix& graph)
       : graph_(&graph),
         left_(graph_->LhsSize(), kUnused),
-        right_(graph_->RhsSize(), kUnused) {
-  }
+        right_(graph_->RhsSize(), kUnused) {}
 
   // Returns the edges of a maximal match, each in the form {left, right}.
   ElementMatcherPairs Compute() {
@@ -258,10 +239,8 @@
   //
   bool TryAugment(size_t ilhs, ::std::vector<char>* seen) {
     for (size_t irhs = 0; irhs < graph_->RhsSize(); ++irhs) {
-      if ((*seen)[irhs])
-        continue;
-      if (!graph_->HasEdge(ilhs, irhs))
-        continue;
+      if ((*seen)[irhs]) continue;
+      if (!graph_->HasEdge(ilhs, irhs)) continue;
       // There's an available edge from ilhs to irhs.
       (*seen)[irhs] = 1;
       // Next a search is performed to determine whether
@@ -304,8 +283,7 @@
 
 const size_t MaxBipartiteMatchState::kUnused;
 
-GTEST_API_ ElementMatcherPairs
-FindMaxBipartiteMatching(const MatchMatrix& g) {
+GTEST_API_ ElementMatcherPairs FindMaxBipartiteMatching(const MatchMatrix& g) {
   return MaxBipartiteMatchState(g).Compute();
 }
 
@@ -314,7 +292,7 @@
   typedef ElementMatcherPairs::const_iterator Iter;
   ::std::ostream& os = *stream;
   os << "{";
-  const char *sep = "";
+  const char* sep = "";
   for (Iter it = pairs.begin(); it != pairs.end(); ++it) {
     os << sep << "\n  ("
        << "element #" << it->first << ", "
@@ -324,38 +302,6 @@
   os << "\n}";
 }
 
-// Tries to find a pairing, and explains the result.
-GTEST_API_ bool FindPairing(const MatchMatrix& matrix,
-                            MatchResultListener* listener) {
-  ElementMatcherPairs matches = FindMaxBipartiteMatching(matrix);
-
-  size_t max_flow = matches.size();
-  bool result = (max_flow == matrix.RhsSize());
-
-  if (!result) {
-    if (listener->IsInterested()) {
-      *listener << "where no permutation of the elements can "
-                   "satisfy all matchers, and the closest match is "
-                << max_flow << " of " << matrix.RhsSize()
-                << " matchers with the pairings:\n";
-      LogElementMatcherPairVec(matches, listener->stream());
-    }
-    return false;
-  }
-
-  if (matches.size() > 1) {
-    if (listener->IsInterested()) {
-      const char *sep = "where:\n";
-      for (size_t mi = 0; mi < matches.size(); ++mi) {
-        *listener << sep << " - element #" << matches[mi].first
-                  << " is matched by matcher #" << matches[mi].second;
-        sep = ",\n";
-      }
-    }
-  }
-  return true;
-}
-
 bool MatchMatrix::NextGraph() {
   for (size_t ilhs = 0; ilhs < LhsSize(); ++ilhs) {
     for (size_t irhs = 0; irhs < RhsSize(); ++irhs) {
@@ -381,7 +327,7 @@
 
 std::string MatchMatrix::DebugString() const {
   ::std::stringstream ss;
-  const char *sep = "";
+  const char* sep = "";
   for (size_t i = 0; i < LhsSize(); ++i) {
     ss << sep;
     for (size_t j = 0; j < RhsSize(); ++j) {
@@ -394,44 +340,83 @@
 
 void UnorderedElementsAreMatcherImplBase::DescribeToImpl(
     ::std::ostream* os) const {
-  if (matcher_describers_.empty()) {
-    *os << "is empty";
-    return;
+  switch (match_flags()) {
+    case UnorderedMatcherRequire::ExactMatch:
+      if (matcher_describers_.empty()) {
+        *os << "is empty";
+        return;
+      }
+      if (matcher_describers_.size() == 1) {
+        *os << "has " << Elements(1) << " and that element ";
+        matcher_describers_[0]->DescribeTo(os);
+        return;
+      }
+      *os << "has " << Elements(matcher_describers_.size())
+          << " and there exists some permutation of elements such that:\n";
+      break;
+    case UnorderedMatcherRequire::Superset:
+      *os << "a surjection from elements to requirements exists such that:\n";
+      break;
+    case UnorderedMatcherRequire::Subset:
+      *os << "an injection from elements to requirements exists such that:\n";
+      break;
   }
-  if (matcher_describers_.size() == 1) {
-    *os << "has " << Elements(1) << " and that element ";
-    matcher_describers_[0]->DescribeTo(os);
-    return;
-  }
-  *os << "has " << Elements(matcher_describers_.size())
-      << " and there exists some permutation of elements such that:\n";
+
   const char* sep = "";
   for (size_t i = 0; i != matcher_describers_.size(); ++i) {
-    *os << sep << " - element #" << i << " ";
+    *os << sep;
+    if (match_flags() == UnorderedMatcherRequire::ExactMatch) {
+      *os << " - element #" << i << " ";
+    } else {
+      *os << " - an element ";
+    }
     matcher_describers_[i]->DescribeTo(os);
-    sep = ", and\n";
+    if (match_flags() == UnorderedMatcherRequire::ExactMatch) {
+      sep = ", and\n";
+    } else {
+      sep = "\n";
+    }
   }
 }
 
 void UnorderedElementsAreMatcherImplBase::DescribeNegationToImpl(
     ::std::ostream* os) const {
-  if (matcher_describers_.empty()) {
-    *os << "isn't empty";
-    return;
+  switch (match_flags()) {
+    case UnorderedMatcherRequire::ExactMatch:
+      if (matcher_describers_.empty()) {
+        *os << "isn't empty";
+        return;
+      }
+      if (matcher_describers_.size() == 1) {
+        *os << "doesn't have " << Elements(1) << ", or has " << Elements(1)
+            << " that ";
+        matcher_describers_[0]->DescribeNegationTo(os);
+        return;
+      }
+      *os << "doesn't have " << Elements(matcher_describers_.size())
+          << ", or there exists no permutation of elements such that:\n";
+      break;
+    case UnorderedMatcherRequire::Superset:
+      *os << "no surjection from elements to requirements exists such that:\n";
+      break;
+    case UnorderedMatcherRequire::Subset:
+      *os << "no injection from elements to requirements exists such that:\n";
+      break;
   }
-  if (matcher_describers_.size() == 1) {
-    *os << "doesn't have " << Elements(1)
-        << ", or has " << Elements(1) << " that ";
-    matcher_describers_[0]->DescribeNegationTo(os);
-    return;
-  }
-  *os << "doesn't have " << Elements(matcher_describers_.size())
-      << ", or there exists no permutation of elements such that:\n";
   const char* sep = "";
   for (size_t i = 0; i != matcher_describers_.size(); ++i) {
-    *os << sep << " - element #" << i << " ";
+    *os << sep;
+    if (match_flags() == UnorderedMatcherRequire::ExactMatch) {
+      *os << " - element #" << i << " ";
+    } else {
+      *os << " - an element ";
+    }
     matcher_describers_[i]->DescribeTo(os);
-    sep = ", and\n";
+    if (match_flags() == UnorderedMatcherRequire::ExactMatch) {
+      sep = ", and\n";
+    } else {
+      sep = "\n";
+    }
   }
 }
 
@@ -440,10 +425,9 @@
 // and better error reporting.
 // Returns false, writing an explanation to 'listener', if and only
 // if the success criteria are not met.
-bool UnorderedElementsAreMatcherImplBase::
-    VerifyAllElementsAndMatchersAreMatched(
-        const ::std::vector<std::string>& element_printouts,
-        const MatchMatrix& matrix, MatchResultListener* listener) const {
+bool UnorderedElementsAreMatcherImplBase::VerifyMatchMatrix(
+    const ::std::vector<std::string>& element_printouts,
+    const MatchMatrix& matrix, MatchResultListener* listener) const {
   bool result = true;
   ::std::vector<char> element_matched(matrix.LhsSize(), 0);
   ::std::vector<char> matcher_matched(matrix.RhsSize(), 0);
@@ -456,12 +440,11 @@
     }
   }
 
-  {
+  if (match_flags() & UnorderedMatcherRequire::Superset) {
     const char* sep =
         "where the following matchers don't match any elements:\n";
     for (size_t mi = 0; mi < matcher_matched.size(); ++mi) {
-      if (matcher_matched[mi])
-        continue;
+      if (matcher_matched[mi]) continue;
       result = false;
       if (listener->IsInterested()) {
         *listener << sep << "matcher #" << mi << ": ";
@@ -471,7 +454,7 @@
     }
   }
 
-  {
+  if (match_flags() & UnorderedMatcherRequire::Subset) {
     const char* sep =
         "where the following elements don't match any matchers:\n";
     const char* outer_sep = "";
@@ -479,8 +462,7 @@
       outer_sep = "\nand ";
     }
     for (size_t ei = 0; ei < element_matched.size(); ++ei) {
-      if (element_matched[ei])
-        continue;
+      if (element_matched[ei]) continue;
       result = false;
       if (listener->IsInterested()) {
         *listener << outer_sep << sep << "element #" << ei << ": "
@@ -493,5 +475,46 @@
   return result;
 }
 
+bool UnorderedElementsAreMatcherImplBase::FindPairing(
+    const MatchMatrix& matrix, MatchResultListener* listener) const {
+  ElementMatcherPairs matches = FindMaxBipartiteMatching(matrix);
+
+  size_t max_flow = matches.size();
+  if ((match_flags() & UnorderedMatcherRequire::Superset) &&
+      max_flow < matrix.RhsSize()) {
+    if (listener->IsInterested()) {
+      *listener << "where no permutation of the elements can satisfy all "
+                   "matchers, and the closest match is "
+                << max_flow << " of " << matrix.RhsSize()
+                << " matchers with the pairings:\n";
+      LogElementMatcherPairVec(matches, listener->stream());
+    }
+    return false;
+  }
+  if ((match_flags() & UnorderedMatcherRequire::Subset) &&
+      max_flow < matrix.LhsSize()) {
+    if (listener->IsInterested()) {
+      *listener
+          << "where not all elements can be matched, and the closest match is "
+          << max_flow << " of " << matrix.RhsSize()
+          << " matchers with the pairings:\n";
+      LogElementMatcherPairVec(matches, listener->stream());
+    }
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  if (matches.size() > 1) {
+    if (listener->IsInterested()) {
+      const char* sep = "where:\n";
+      for (size_t mi = 0; mi < matches.size(); ++mi) {
+        *listener << sep << " - element #" << matches[mi].first
+                  << " is matched by matcher #" << matches[mi].second;
+        sep = ",\n";
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
 }  // namespace internal
 }  // namespace testing
diff --git a/googlemock/src/gmock-spec-builders.cc b/googlemock/src/gmock-spec-builders.cc
index fc4968b..93a83ae 100644
--- a/googlemock/src/gmock-spec-builders.cc
+++ b/googlemock/src/gmock-spec-builders.cc
@@ -508,7 +508,7 @@
   return expectations_met;
 }
 
-CallReaction intToCallReaction(int mock_behavior) {
+static CallReaction intToCallReaction(int mock_behavior) {
   if (mock_behavior >= kAllow && mock_behavior <= kFail) {
     return static_cast<internal::CallReaction>(mock_behavior);
   }
diff --git a/googlemock/test/BUILD.bazel b/googlemock/test/BUILD.bazel
index 9f1a64d..0fe72a6 100644
--- a/googlemock/test/BUILD.bazel
+++ b/googlemock/test/BUILD.bazel
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# Copyright 2017 Google Inc. 
+# Copyright 2017 Google Inc.
 # All Rights Reserved.
 #
 #
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
 # OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 #
 # Author: misterg@google.com (Gennadiy Civil)
-#   
+#
 #   Bazel Build for Google C++ Testing Framework(Google Test)-googlemock
 
 licenses(["notice"])
@@ -45,10 +45,79 @@
         ],
     ),
     linkopts = select({
-        "//:win": [],
+        "//:windows": [],
+        "//:windows_msvc": [],
         "//conditions:default": [
             "-pthread",
         ],
     }),
     deps = ["//:gtest"],
 )
+
+#  Py tests
+
+py_library(
+    name = "gmock_test_utils",
+    testonly = 1,
+    srcs = ["gmock_test_utils.py"],
+)
+
+cc_binary(
+    name = "gmock_leak_test_",
+    testonly = 1,
+    srcs = ["gmock_leak_test_.cc"],
+    deps = [
+        "//:gtest_main",
+    ],
+)
+
+py_test(
+    name = "gmock_leak_test",
+    size = "medium",
+    srcs = ["gmock_leak_test.py"],
+    data = [
+        ":gmock_leak_test_",
+        ":gmock_test_utils",
+    ],
+)
+
+cc_test(
+    name = "gmock_link_test",
+    size = "small",
+    srcs = [
+        "gmock_link2_test.cc",
+        "gmock_link_test.cc",
+        "gmock_link_test.h",
+    ],
+    deps = [
+        "//:gtest_main",
+    ],
+)
+
+cc_binary(
+    name = "gmock_output_test_",
+    srcs = ["gmock_output_test_.cc"],
+    deps = [
+        "//:gtest",
+    ],
+)
+
+py_test(
+    name = "gmock_output_test",
+    size = "medium",
+    srcs = ["gmock_output_test.py"],
+    data = [
+        ":gmock_output_test_",
+        ":gmock_output_test_golden.txt",
+    ],
+    deps = [":gmock_test_utils"],
+)
+
+cc_test(
+    name = "gmock_test",
+    size = "small",
+    srcs = ["gmock_test.cc"],
+    deps = [
+        "//:gtest_main",
+    ],
+)
diff --git a/googlemock/test/gmock-actions_test.cc b/googlemock/test/gmock-actions_test.cc
index f470de4..f721839 100644
--- a/googlemock/test/gmock-actions_test.cc
+++ b/googlemock/test/gmock-actions_test.cc
@@ -751,7 +751,7 @@
 }
 
 // Tests that DoDefault() returns the default value set by
-// DefaultValue<T>::Set() when it's not overriden by an ON_CALL().
+// DefaultValue<T>::Set() when it's not overridden by an ON_CALL().
 TEST(DoDefaultTest, ReturnsUserSpecifiedPerTypeDefaultValueWhenThereIsOne) {
   DefaultValue<int>::Set(1);
   MockClass mock;
diff --git a/googlemock/test/gmock-internal-utils_test.cc b/googlemock/test/gmock-internal-utils_test.cc
index 72d9a85..c7893ae 100644
--- a/googlemock/test/gmock-internal-utils_test.cc
+++ b/googlemock/test/gmock-internal-utils_test.cc
@@ -44,15 +44,7 @@
 #include "gmock/internal/gmock-port.h"
 #include "gtest/gtest.h"
 #include "gtest/gtest-spi.h"
-
-// Indicates that this translation unit is part of Google Test's
-// implementation.  It must come before gtest-internal-inl.h is
-// included, or there will be a compiler error.  This trick is to
-// prevent a user from accidentally including gtest-internal-inl.h in
-// their code.
-#define GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_ 1
 #include "src/gtest-internal-inl.h"
-#undef GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_
 
 #if GTEST_OS_CYGWIN
 # include <sys/types.h>  // For ssize_t. NOLINT
diff --git a/googlemock/test/gmock-matchers_test.cc b/googlemock/test/gmock-matchers_test.cc
index 4beaec4..829935e 100644
--- a/googlemock/test/gmock-matchers_test.cc
+++ b/googlemock/test/gmock-matchers_test.cc
@@ -65,10 +65,6 @@
 
 namespace testing {
 
-namespace internal {
-GTEST_API_ string JoinAsTuple(const Strings& fields);
-}  // namespace internal
-
 namespace gmock_matchers_test {
 
 using std::greater;
@@ -150,7 +146,6 @@
 using testing::internal::FloatingEqMatcher;
 using testing::internal::FormatMatcherDescription;
 using testing::internal::IsReadableTypeName;
-using testing::internal::JoinAsTuple;
 using testing::internal::linked_ptr;
 using testing::internal::MatchMatrix;
 using testing::internal::RE;
@@ -876,9 +871,9 @@
   char c_;
 };
 
-inline bool operator==(const Unprintable& /* lhs */, 
-                       const Unprintable& /* rhs */) { 
-    return true; 
+inline bool operator==(const Unprintable& /* lhs */,
+                       const Unprintable& /* rhs */) {
+    return true;
 }
 
 TEST(EqTest, CanDescribeSelf) {
@@ -919,7 +914,7 @@
 // Type<T>::IsTypeOf(v) compiles iff the type of value v is T, where T
 // is a "bare" type (i.e. not in the form of const U or U&).  If v's
 // type is not T, the compiler will generate a message about
-// "undefined referece".
+// "undefined reference".
 template <typename T>
 struct Type {
   static bool IsTypeOf(const T& /* v */) { return true; }
@@ -1428,7 +1423,7 @@
   EXPECT_THAT(p, Pair(25, "foo"));
   EXPECT_THAT(p, Pair(Ge(20), HasSubstr("o")));
 
-  // 'first' doesnt' match, but 'second' matches.
+  // 'first' does not match, but 'second' matches.
   EXPECT_THAT(p, Not(Pair(42, "foo")));
   EXPECT_THAT(p, Not(Pair(Lt(25), "foo")));
 
@@ -4267,7 +4262,7 @@
 #endif  // GTEST_HAS_TYPED_TEST
 
 // Tests that mutliple missing values are reported.
-// Using just vector here, so order is predicatble.
+// Using just vector here, so order is predictable.
 TEST(ContainerEqExtraTest, MultipleValuesMissing) {
   static const int vals[] = {1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8};
   static const int test_vals[] = {2, 1, 5};
@@ -4280,7 +4275,7 @@
 }
 
 // Tests that added values are reported.
-// Using just vector here, so order is predicatble.
+// Using just vector here, so order is predictable.
 TEST(ContainerEqExtraTest, MultipleValuesAdded) {
   static const int vals[] = {1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8};
   static const int test_vals[] = {1, 2, 92, 3, 5, 8, 46};
@@ -5272,28 +5267,6 @@
   EXPECT_FALSE(IsReadableTypeName("void (&)(int, bool, char, float)"));
 }
 
-// Tests JoinAsTuple().
-
-TEST(JoinAsTupleTest, JoinsEmptyTuple) {
-  EXPECT_EQ("", JoinAsTuple(Strings()));
-}
-
-TEST(JoinAsTupleTest, JoinsOneTuple) {
-  const char* fields[] = {"1"};
-  EXPECT_EQ("1", JoinAsTuple(Strings(fields, fields + 1)));
-}
-
-TEST(JoinAsTupleTest, JoinsTwoTuple) {
-  const char* fields[] = {"1", "a"};
-  EXPECT_EQ("(1, a)", JoinAsTuple(Strings(fields, fields + 2)));
-}
-
-TEST(JoinAsTupleTest, JoinsTenTuple) {
-  const char* fields[] = {"1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8", "9", "10"};
-  EXPECT_EQ("(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10)",
-            JoinAsTuple(Strings(fields, fields + 10)));
-}
-
 // Tests FormatMatcherDescription().
 
 TEST(FormatMatcherDescriptionTest, WorksForEmptyDescription) {
@@ -5682,5 +5655,69 @@
   EXPECT_THAT(lhs, UnorderedPointwise(m2, rhs));
 }
 
+class SampleVariantIntString {
+ public:
+  SampleVariantIntString(int i) : i_(i), has_int_(true) {}
+  SampleVariantIntString(const std::string& s) : s_(s), has_int_(false) {}
+
+  template <typename T>
+  friend bool holds_alternative(const SampleVariantIntString& value) {
+    return value.has_int_ == internal::IsSame<T, int>::value;
+  }
+
+  template <typename T>
+  friend const T& get(const SampleVariantIntString& value) {
+    return value.get_impl(static_cast<T*>(NULL));
+  }
+
+ private:
+  const int& get_impl(int*) const { return i_; }
+  const std::string& get_impl(std::string*) const { return s_; }
+
+  int i_;
+  std::string s_;
+  bool has_int_;
+};
+
+TEST(VariantTest, DescribesSelf) {
+  const Matcher<SampleVariantIntString> m = VariantWith<int>(Eq(1));
+  EXPECT_THAT(Describe(m), ContainsRegex("is a variant<> with value of type "
+                                         "'.*' and the value is equal to 1"));
+}
+
+TEST(VariantTest, ExplainsSelf) {
+  const Matcher<SampleVariantIntString> m = VariantWith<int>(Eq(1));
+  EXPECT_THAT(Explain(m, SampleVariantIntString(1)),
+              ContainsRegex("whose value 1"));
+  EXPECT_THAT(Explain(m, SampleVariantIntString("A")),
+              HasSubstr("whose value is not of type '"));
+  EXPECT_THAT(Explain(m, SampleVariantIntString(2)),
+              "whose value 2 doesn't match");
+}
+
+TEST(VariantTest, FullMatch) {
+  Matcher<SampleVariantIntString> m = VariantWith<int>(Eq(1));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(m.Matches(SampleVariantIntString(1)));
+
+  m = VariantWith<std::string>(Eq("1"));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(m.Matches(SampleVariantIntString("1")));
+}
+
+TEST(VariantTest, TypeDoesNotMatch) {
+  Matcher<SampleVariantIntString> m = VariantWith<int>(Eq(1));
+  EXPECT_FALSE(m.Matches(SampleVariantIntString("1")));
+
+  m = VariantWith<std::string>(Eq("1"));
+  EXPECT_FALSE(m.Matches(SampleVariantIntString(1)));
+}
+
+TEST(VariantTest, InnerDoesNotMatch) {
+  Matcher<SampleVariantIntString> m = VariantWith<int>(Eq(1));
+  EXPECT_FALSE(m.Matches(SampleVariantIntString(2)));
+
+  m = VariantWith<std::string>(Eq("1"));
+  EXPECT_FALSE(m.Matches(SampleVariantIntString("2")));
+}
+
 }  // namespace gmock_matchers_test
 }  // namespace testing
diff --git a/googlemock/test/gmock_link_test.h b/googlemock/test/gmock_link_test.h
index 1f55f5b..5f855d1 100644
--- a/googlemock/test/gmock_link_test.h
+++ b/googlemock/test/gmock_link_test.h
@@ -120,13 +120,15 @@
 # include <errno.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "gmock/internal/gmock-port.h"
-#include "gtest/gtest.h"
 #include <iostream>
 #include <vector>
 
+#include "gtest/gtest.h"
+#include "gtest/internal/gtest-port.h"
+
 using testing::_;
 using testing::A;
+using testing::Action;
 using testing::AllOf;
 using testing::AnyOf;
 using testing::Assign;
@@ -148,6 +150,8 @@
 using testing::InvokeArgument;
 using testing::InvokeWithoutArgs;
 using testing::IsNull;
+using testing::IsSubsetOf;
+using testing::IsSupersetOf;
 using testing::Le;
 using testing::Lt;
 using testing::Matcher;
@@ -592,6 +596,22 @@
   ON_CALL(mock, VoidFromVector(ElementsAreArray(arr))).WillByDefault(Return());
 }
 
+// Tests the linkage of the IsSubsetOf matcher.
+TEST(LinkTest, TestMatcherIsSubsetOf) {
+  Mock mock;
+  char arr[] = {'a', 'b'};
+
+  ON_CALL(mock, VoidFromVector(IsSubsetOf(arr))).WillByDefault(Return());
+}
+
+// Tests the linkage of the IsSupersetOf matcher.
+TEST(LinkTest, TestMatcherIsSupersetOf) {
+  Mock mock;
+  char arr[] = {'a', 'b'};
+
+  ON_CALL(mock, VoidFromVector(IsSupersetOf(arr))).WillByDefault(Return());
+}
+
 // Tests the linkage of the ContainerEq matcher.
 TEST(LinkTest, TestMatcherContainerEq) {
   Mock mock;
diff --git a/googlemock/test/gmock_output_test.py b/googlemock/test/gmock_output_test.py
index eced8a8..9d73d57 100755
--- a/googlemock/test/gmock_output_test.py
+++ b/googlemock/test/gmock_output_test.py
@@ -31,11 +31,11 @@
 
 """Tests the text output of Google C++ Mocking Framework.
 
-SYNOPSIS
-       gmock_output_test.py --build_dir=BUILD/DIR --gengolden
-         # where BUILD/DIR contains the built gmock_output_test_ file.
-       gmock_output_test.py --gengolden
-       gmock_output_test.py
+To update the golden file:
+gmock_output_test.py --build_dir=BUILD/DIR --gengolden
+# where BUILD/DIR contains the built gmock_output_test_ file.
+gmock_output_test.py --gengolden
+gmock_output_test.py
 """
 
 __author__ = 'wan@google.com (Zhanyong Wan)'
@@ -176,5 +176,8 @@
     golden_file = open(GOLDEN_PATH, 'wb')
     golden_file.write(output)
     golden_file.close()
+    # Suppress the error "googletest was imported but a call to its main()
+    # was never detected."
+    os._exit(0)
   else:
     gmock_test_utils.Main()
diff --git a/googlemock/test/gmock_stress_test.cc b/googlemock/test/gmock_stress_test.cc
index c16badd..b9fdc45 100644
--- a/googlemock/test/gmock_stress_test.cc
+++ b/googlemock/test/gmock_stress_test.cc
@@ -33,12 +33,13 @@
 // threads concurrently.
 
 #include "gmock/gmock.h"
+
 #include "gtest/gtest.h"
 
 namespace testing {
 namespace {
 
-// From <gtest/internal/gtest-port.h>.
+// From "gtest/internal/gtest-port.h".
 using ::testing::internal::ThreadWithParam;
 
 // The maximum number of test threads (not including helper threads)
diff --git a/googlemock/test/gmock_test.cc b/googlemock/test/gmock_test.cc
index 2899534..7007567 100644
--- a/googlemock/test/gmock_test.cc
+++ b/googlemock/test/gmock_test.cc
@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@
 
 #include <string>
 #include "gtest/gtest.h"
+#include "gtest/internal/custom/gtest.h"
 
 #if !defined(GTEST_CUSTOM_INIT_GOOGLE_TEST_FUNCTION_)
 
@@ -51,9 +52,9 @@
                         const ::std::string& expected_gmock_verbose) {
   const ::std::string old_verbose = GMOCK_FLAG(verbose);
 
-  int argc = M;
+  int argc = M - 1;
   InitGoogleMock(&argc, const_cast<Char**>(argv));
-  ASSERT_EQ(N, argc) << "The new argv has wrong number of elements.";
+  ASSERT_EQ(N - 1, argc) << "The new argv has wrong number of elements.";
 
   for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
     EXPECT_STREQ(new_argv[i], argv[i]);
diff --git a/googlemock/test/gmock_test_utils.py b/googlemock/test/gmock_test_utils.py
index 20e3d3d..b513000 100755
--- a/googlemock/test/gmock_test_utils.py
+++ b/googlemock/test/gmock_test_utils.py
@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python
-#
 # Copyright 2006, Google Inc.
 # All rights reserved.
 #
@@ -36,19 +34,19 @@
 import os
 import sys
 
-
 # Determines path to gtest_test_utils and imports it.
 SCRIPT_DIR = os.path.dirname(__file__) or '.'
 
 # isdir resolves symbolic links.
-gtest_tests_util_dir = os.path.join(SCRIPT_DIR, '../gtest/test')
+gtest_tests_util_dir = os.path.join(SCRIPT_DIR, '../googletest/test')
 if os.path.isdir(gtest_tests_util_dir):
   GTEST_TESTS_UTIL_DIR = gtest_tests_util_dir
 else:
-  GTEST_TESTS_UTIL_DIR = os.path.join(SCRIPT_DIR, '../../gtest/test')
-
+  GTEST_TESTS_UTIL_DIR = os.path.join(SCRIPT_DIR, '../../googletest/test')
 sys.path.append(GTEST_TESTS_UTIL_DIR)
-import gtest_test_utils  # pylint: disable-msg=C6204
+
+# pylint: disable=C6204
+import gtest_test_utils
 
 
 def GetSourceDir():
diff --git a/googletest/CMakeLists.txt b/googletest/CMakeLists.txt
index 77b55ca..b09c46e 100644
--- a/googletest/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/googletest/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -27,8 +27,6 @@
   "Build gtest with internal symbols hidden in shared libraries."
   OFF)
 
-set(CMAKE_DEBUG_POSTFIX "d" CACHE STRING "Generate debug library name with a postfix.")
-
 # Defines pre_project_set_up_hermetic_build() and set_up_hermetic_build().
 include(cmake/hermetic_build.cmake OPTIONAL)
 
@@ -306,7 +304,9 @@
   cxx_executable(gtest_xml_outfile1_test_ test gtest_main)
   cxx_executable(gtest_xml_outfile2_test_ test gtest_main)
   py_test(gtest_xml_outfiles_test)
+  py_test(gtest_json_outfiles_test)
 
   cxx_executable(gtest_xml_output_unittest_ test gtest)
   py_test(gtest_xml_output_unittest)
+  py_test(gtest_json_output_unittest)
 endif()
diff --git a/googletest/Makefile.am b/googletest/Makefile.am
index dbc004d..b6c7232 100644
--- a/googletest/Makefile.am
+++ b/googletest/Makefile.am
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@
 # Sample files that we don't compile.
 EXTRA_DIST += \
   samples/prime_tables.h \
+  samples/sample1_unittest.cc \
   samples/sample2_unittest.cc \
   samples/sample3_unittest.cc \
   samples/sample4_unittest.cc \
@@ -120,16 +121,16 @@
 
 # MSVC project files
 EXTRA_DIST += \
-  msvc/gtest-md.sln \
-  msvc/gtest-md.vcproj \
-  msvc/gtest.sln \
-  msvc/gtest.vcproj \
-  msvc/gtest_main-md.vcproj \
-  msvc/gtest_main.vcproj \
-  msvc/gtest_prod_test-md.vcproj \
-  msvc/gtest_prod_test.vcproj \
-  msvc/gtest_unittest-md.vcproj \
-  msvc/gtest_unittest.vcproj
+  msvc/2010/gtest-md.sln \
+  msvc/2010/gtest-md.vcxproj \
+  msvc/2010/gtest.sln \
+  msvc/2010/gtest.vcxproj \
+  msvc/2010/gtest_main-md.vcxproj \
+  msvc/2010/gtest_main.vcxproj \
+  msvc/2010/gtest_prod_test-md.vcxproj \
+  msvc/2010/gtest_prod_test.vcxproj \
+  msvc/2010/gtest_unittest-md.vcxproj \
+  msvc/2010/gtest_unittest.vcxproj
 
 # xcode project files
 EXTRA_DIST += \
@@ -223,33 +224,61 @@
 # TESTS -- Programs run automatically by "make check"
 # check_PROGRAMS -- Programs built by "make check" but not necessarily run
 
-noinst_LTLIBRARIES = samples/libsamples.la
-
-samples_libsamples_la_SOURCES = \
-  samples/sample1.cc \
-  samples/sample1.h \
-  samples/sample2.cc \
-  samples/sample2.h \
-  samples/sample3-inl.h \
-  samples/sample4.cc \
-  samples/sample4.h
-
 TESTS=
 TESTS_ENVIRONMENT = GTEST_SOURCE_DIR="$(srcdir)/test" \
                     GTEST_BUILD_DIR="$(top_builddir)/test"
 check_PROGRAMS=
 
 # A simple sample on using gtest.
-TESTS += samples/sample1_unittest
-check_PROGRAMS += samples/sample1_unittest
-samples_sample1_unittest_SOURCES = samples/sample1_unittest.cc
-samples_sample1_unittest_LDADD = lib/libgtest_main.la \
-                                 lib/libgtest.la \
-                                 samples/libsamples.la
+TESTS += samples/sample1_unittest \
+    samples/sample2_unittest \
+    samples/sample3_unittest \
+    samples/sample4_unittest \
+    samples/sample5_unittest \
+    samples/sample6_unittest \
+    samples/sample7_unittest \
+    samples/sample8_unittest \
+    samples/sample9_unittest \
+    samples/sample10_unittest
+check_PROGRAMS += samples/sample1_unittest \
+    samples/sample2_unittest \
+    samples/sample3_unittest \
+    samples/sample4_unittest \
+    samples/sample5_unittest \
+    samples/sample6_unittest \
+    samples/sample7_unittest \
+    samples/sample8_unittest \
+    samples/sample9_unittest \
+    samples/sample10_unittest
 
-# Another sample.  It also verifies that libgtest works.
-TESTS += samples/sample10_unittest
-check_PROGRAMS += samples/sample10_unittest
+samples_sample1_unittest_SOURCES = samples/sample1_unittest.cc samples/sample1.cc
+samples_sample1_unittest_LDADD = lib/libgtest_main.la \
+                                 lib/libgtest.la
+samples_sample2_unittest_SOURCES = samples/sample2_unittest.cc samples/sample2.cc
+samples_sample2_unittest_LDADD = lib/libgtest_main.la \
+                                 lib/libgtest.la
+samples_sample3_unittest_SOURCES = samples/sample3_unittest.cc
+samples_sample3_unittest_LDADD = lib/libgtest_main.la \
+                                 lib/libgtest.la
+samples_sample4_unittest_SOURCES = samples/sample4_unittest.cc samples/sample4.cc
+samples_sample4_unittest_LDADD = lib/libgtest_main.la \
+                                 lib/libgtest.la
+samples_sample5_unittest_SOURCES = samples/sample5_unittest.cc samples/sample1.cc
+samples_sample5_unittest_LDADD = lib/libgtest_main.la \
+                                 lib/libgtest.la
+samples_sample6_unittest_SOURCES = samples/sample6_unittest.cc
+samples_sample6_unittest_LDADD = lib/libgtest_main.la \
+                                 lib/libgtest.la
+samples_sample7_unittest_SOURCES = samples/sample7_unittest.cc
+samples_sample7_unittest_LDADD = lib/libgtest_main.la \
+                                 lib/libgtest.la
+samples_sample8_unittest_SOURCES = samples/sample8_unittest.cc
+samples_sample8_unittest_LDADD = lib/libgtest_main.la \
+                                 lib/libgtest.la
+
+# Also verify that libgtest works by itself.
+samples_sample9_unittest_SOURCES = samples/sample9_unittest.cc
+samples_sample9_unittest_LDADD = lib/libgtest.la
 samples_sample10_unittest_SOURCES = samples/sample10_unittest.cc
 samples_sample10_unittest_LDADD = lib/libgtest.la
 
diff --git a/googletest/build-aux/.keep b/googletest/build-aux/.keep
deleted file mode 100644
index e69de29..0000000
--- a/googletest/build-aux/.keep
+++ /dev/null
diff --git a/googletest/cmake/internal_utils.cmake b/googletest/cmake/internal_utils.cmake
index c54bc94..6448918 100644
--- a/googletest/cmake/internal_utils.cmake
+++ b/googletest/cmake/internal_utils.cmake
@@ -91,10 +91,13 @@
     set(cxx_base_flags "${cxx_base_flags} -D_UNICODE -DUNICODE -DWIN32 -D_WIN32")
     set(cxx_base_flags "${cxx_base_flags} -DSTRICT -DWIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN")
     set(cxx_exception_flags "-EHsc -D_HAS_EXCEPTIONS=1")
-    set(cxx_no_exception_flags "-D_HAS_EXCEPTIONS=0")
+    set(cxx_no_exception_flags "-EHs-c- -D_HAS_EXCEPTIONS=0")
     set(cxx_no_rtti_flags "-GR-")
   elseif (CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_GNUCXX)
     set(cxx_base_flags "-Wall -Wshadow -Werror")
+    if(NOT CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_VERSION VERSION_LESS 7.0.0)
+      set(cxx_base_flags "${cxx_base_flags} -Wno-error=dangling-else")
+    endif()
     set(cxx_exception_flags "-fexceptions")
     set(cxx_no_exception_flags "-fno-exceptions")
     # Until version 4.3.2, GCC doesn't define a macro to indicate
@@ -155,6 +158,10 @@
   set_target_properties(${name}
     PROPERTIES
     COMPILE_FLAGS "${cxx_flags}")
+  # Generate debug library name with a postfix.
+  set_target_properties(${name}
+    PROPERTIES
+    DEBUG_POSTFIX "d")
   if (BUILD_SHARED_LIBS OR type STREQUAL "SHARED")
     set_target_properties(${name}
       PROPERTIES
diff --git a/googletest/docs/AdvancedGuide.md b/googletest/docs/AdvancedGuide.md
index e4dd94d..c1a1a4a 100644
--- a/googletest/docs/AdvancedGuide.md
+++ b/googletest/docs/AdvancedGuide.md
@@ -787,15 +787,17 @@
 inside it fails, it can be hard to tell which invocation of the
 sub-routine the failure is from.  You can alleviate this problem using
 extra logging or custom failure messages, but that usually clutters up
-your tests. A better solution is to use the `SCOPED_TRACE` macro:
+your tests. A better solution is to use the `SCOPED_TRACE` macro or
+the `ScopedTrace` utility:
 
-| `SCOPED_TRACE(`_message_`);` |
-|:-----------------------------|
+| `SCOPED_TRACE(`_message_`);` | `::testing::ScopedTrace trace(`_"file\_path"_`, `_line\_number_`, `_message_`);` |
+|:-----------------------------|:---------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
 
-where _message_ can be anything streamable to `std::ostream`. This
-macro will cause the current file name, line number, and the given
-message to be added in every failure message. The effect will be
-undone when the control leaves the current lexical scope.
+where `message` can be anything streamable to `std::ostream`. `SCOPED_TRACE`
+macro will cause the current file name, line number, and the given message to be
+added in every failure message. `ScopedTrace` accepts explicit file name and
+line number in arguments, which is useful for writing test helpers. The effect
+will be undone when the control leaves the current lexical scope.
 
 For example,
 
@@ -870,13 +872,33 @@
 }
 ```
 
-Since we don't use exceptions, it is technically impossible to
-implement the intended behavior here.  To alleviate this, Google Test
-provides two solutions.  You could use either the
-`(ASSERT|EXPECT)_NO_FATAL_FAILURE` assertions or the
-`HasFatalFailure()` function.  They are described in the following two
+To alleviate this, gUnit provides three different solutions. You could use
+either exceptions, the `(ASSERT|EXPECT)_NO_FATAL_FAILURE` assertions or the
+`HasFatalFailure()` function. They are described in the following two
 subsections.
 
+#### Asserting on Subroutines with an exception
+
+The following code can turn ASSERT-failure into an exception:
+
+```c++
+class ThrowListener : public testing::EmptyTestEventListener {
+  void OnTestPartResult(const testing::TestPartResult& result) override {
+    if (result.type() == testing::TestPartResult::kFatalFailure) {
+      throw testing::AssertionException(result);
+    }
+  }
+};
+int main(int argc, char** argv) {
+  ...
+  testing::UnitTest::GetInstance()->listeners().Append(new ThrowListener);
+  return RUN_ALL_TESTS();
+}
+```
+
+This listener should be added after other listeners if you have any, otherwise
+they won't see failed `OnTestPartResult`.
+
 ### Asserting on Subroutines ###
 
 As shown above, if your test calls a subroutine that has an `ASSERT_*`
@@ -1949,6 +1971,17 @@
 _Availability:_ Linux, Windows, Mac.  (In Google Test 1.3.0 and lower,
 the default behavior is that the elapsed time is **not** printed.)
 
+**Availability**: Linux, Windows, Mac.
+
+#### Suppressing UTF-8 Text Output
+
+In case of assertion failures, gUnit prints expected and actual values of type
+`string` both as hex-encoded strings as well as in readable UTF-8 text if they
+contain valid non-ASCII UTF-8 characters. If you want to suppress the UTF-8 text
+because, for example, you don't have an UTF-8 compatible output medium, run the
+test program with `--gunit_print_utf8=0` or set the `GUNIT_PRINT_UTF8`
+environment variable to `0`.
+
 ### Generating an XML Report ###
 
 Google Test can emit a detailed XML report to a file in addition to its normal
@@ -2027,6 +2060,207 @@
 
 _Availability:_ Linux, Windows, Mac.
 
+#### Generating an JSON Report {#JsonReport}
+
+gUnit can also emit a JSON report as an alternative format to XML. To generate
+the JSON report, set the `GUNIT_OUTPUT` environment variable or the
+`--gunit_output` flag to the string `"json:path_to_output_file"`, which will
+create the file at the given location. You can also just use the string
+`"json"`, in which case the output can be found in the `test_detail.json` file
+in the current directory.
+
+The report format conforms to the following JSON Schema:
+
+```json
+{
+  "$schema": "http://json-schema.org/schema#",
+  "type": "object",
+  "definitions": {
+    "TestCase": {
+      "type": "object",
+      "properties": {
+        "name": { "type": "string" },
+        "tests": { "type": "integer" },
+        "failures": { "type": "integer" },
+        "disabled": { "type": "integer" },
+        "time": { "type": "string" },
+        "testsuite": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/definitions/TestInfo"
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    },
+    "TestInfo": {
+      "type": "object",
+      "properties": {
+        "name": { "type": "string" },
+        "status": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "enum": ["RUN", "NOTRUN"]
+        },
+        "time": { "type": "string" },
+        "classname": { "type": "string" },
+        "failures": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/definitions/Failure"
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    },
+    "Failure": {
+      "type": "object",
+      "properties": {
+        "failures": { "type": "string" },
+        "type": { "type": "string" }
+      }
+    }
+  },
+  "properties": {
+    "tests": { "type": "integer" },
+    "failures": { "type": "integer" },
+    "disabled": { "type": "integer" },
+    "errors": { "type": "integer" },
+    "timestamp": {
+      "type": "string",
+      "format": "date-time"
+    },
+    "time": { "type": "string" },
+    "name": { "type": "string" },
+    "testsuites": {
+      "type": "array",
+      "items": {
+        "$ref": "#/definitions/TestCase"
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+```
+
+The report uses the format that conforms to the following Proto3 using the
+[JSON encoding](https://developers.google.com/protocol-buffers/docs/proto3#json):
+
+```proto
+syntax = "proto3";
+
+package googletest;
+
+import "google/protobuf/timestamp.proto";
+import "google/protobuf/duration.proto";
+
+message UnitTest {
+  int32 tests = 1;
+  int32 failures = 2;
+  int32 disabled = 3;
+  int32 errors = 4;
+  google.protobuf.Timestamp timestamp = 5;
+  google.protobuf.Duration time = 6;
+  string name = 7;
+  repeated TestCase testsuites = 8;
+}
+
+message TestCase {
+  string name = 1;
+  int32 tests = 2;
+  int32 failures = 3;
+  int32 disabled = 4;
+  int32 errors = 5;
+  google.protobuf.Duration time = 6;
+  repeated TestInfo testsuite = 7;
+}
+
+message TestInfo {
+  string name = 1;
+  enum Status {
+    RUN = 0;
+    NOTRUN = 1;
+  }
+  Status status = 2;
+  google.protobuf.Duration time = 3;
+  string classname = 4;
+  message Failure {
+    string failures = 1;
+    string type = 2;
+  }
+  repeated Failure failures = 5;
+}
+```
+
+For instance, the following program
+
+```c++
+TEST(MathTest, Addition) { ... }
+TEST(MathTest, Subtraction) { ... }
+TEST(LogicTest, NonContradiction) { ... }
+```
+
+could generate this report:
+
+```json
+{
+  "tests": 3,
+  "failures": 1,
+  "errors": 0,
+  "time": "0.035s",
+  "timestamp": "2011-10-31T18:52:42Z"
+  "name": "AllTests",
+  "testsuites": [
+    {
+      "name": "MathTest",
+      "tests": 2,
+      "failures": 1,
+      "errors": 0,
+      "time": "0.015s",
+      "testsuite": [
+        {
+          "name": "Addition",
+          "status": "RUN",
+          "time": "0.007s",
+          "classname": "",
+          "failures": [
+            {
+              "message": "Value of: add(1, 1)\x0A  Actual: 3\x0AExpected: 2",
+              "type": ""
+            },
+            {
+              "message": "Value of: add(1, -1)\x0A  Actual: 1\x0AExpected: 0",
+              "type": ""
+            }
+          ]
+        },
+        {
+          "name": "Subtraction",
+          "status": "RUN",
+          "time": "0.005s",
+          "classname": ""
+        }
+      ]
+    }
+    {
+      "name": "LogicTest",
+      "tests": 1,
+      "failures": 0,
+      "errors": 0,
+      "time": "0.005s",
+      "testsuite": [
+        {
+          "name": "NonContradiction",
+          "status": "RUN",
+          "time": "0.005s",
+          "classname": ""
+        }
+      ]
+    }
+  ]
+}
+```
+
+IMPORTANT: The exact format of the JSON document is subject to change.
+
+**Availability**: Linux, Windows, Mac.
+
 ## Controlling How Failures Are Reported ##
 
 ### Turning Assertion Failures into Break-Points ###
diff --git a/googletest/docs/Documentation.md b/googletest/docs/Documentation.md
index 3784c8f..20f2503 100644
--- a/googletest/docs/Documentation.md
+++ b/googletest/docs/Documentation.md
@@ -12,5 +12,5 @@
 
 To contribute code to Google Test, read:
 
-  * [CONTRIBUTING](../CONTRIBUTING.md) -- read this _before_ writing your first patch.
+  * [CONTRIBUTING](../../CONTRIBUTING.md) -- read this _before_ writing your first patch.
   * [PumpManual](PumpManual.md) -- how we generate some of Google Test's source files.
diff --git a/googletest/docs/FAQ.md b/googletest/docs/FAQ.md
index 1a216a1..bd9526d 100644
--- a/googletest/docs/FAQ.md
+++ b/googletest/docs/FAQ.md
@@ -460,7 +460,7 @@
 You may still want to use `SetUp()/TearDown()` in the following rare cases:
   * If the tear-down operation could throw an exception, you must use `TearDown()` as opposed to the destructor, as throwing in a destructor leads to undefined behavior and usually will kill your program right away. Note that many standard libraries (like STL) may throw when exceptions are enabled in the compiler. Therefore you should prefer `TearDown()` if you want to write portable tests that work with or without exceptions.
   * The assertion macros throw an exception when flag `--gtest_throw_on_failure` is specified. Therefore, you shouldn't use Google Test assertions in a destructor if you plan to run your tests with this flag.
-  * In a constructor or destructor, you cannot make a virtual function call on this object. (You can call a method declared as virtual, but it will be statically bound.) Therefore, if you need to call a method that will be overriden in a derived class, you have to use `SetUp()/TearDown()`.
+  * In a constructor or destructor, you cannot make a virtual function call on this object. (You can call a method declared as virtual, but it will be statically bound.) Therefore, if you need to call a method that will be overridden in a derived class, you have to use `SetUp()/TearDown()`.
 
 ## The compiler complains "no matching function to call" when I use ASSERT\_PREDn. How do I fix it? ##
 
diff --git a/googletest/docs/Primer.md b/googletest/docs/Primer.md
index 384d4d6..5e8ee0c 100644
--- a/googletest/docs/Primer.md
+++ b/googletest/docs/Primer.md
@@ -239,7 +239,7 @@
   1. The test's result is determined by the assertions; if any assertion in the test fails (either fatally or non-fatally), or if the test crashes, the entire test fails. Otherwise, it succeeds.
 
 ```
-TEST(test_case_name, test_name) {
+TEST(testCaseName, testName) {
  ... test body ...
 }
 ```
diff --git a/googletest/include/gtest/gtest-death-test.h b/googletest/include/gtest/gtest-death-test.h
index 957a69c..6a216bc 100644
--- a/googletest/include/gtest/gtest-death-test.h
+++ b/googletest/include/gtest/gtest-death-test.h
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@
 //   On POSIX-compliant systems (*nix), we use the <regex.h> library,
 //   which uses the POSIX extended regex syntax.
 //
-//   On other platforms (e.g. Windows), we only support a simple regex
+//   On other platforms (e.g. Windows or Mac), we only support a simple regex
 //   syntax implemented as part of Google Test.  This limited
 //   implementation should be enough most of the time when writing
 //   death tests; though it lacks many features you can find in PCRE
@@ -272,6 +272,54 @@
 # endif  // NDEBUG for EXPECT_DEBUG_DEATH
 #endif  // GTEST_HAS_DEATH_TEST
 
+// This macro is used for implementing macros such as
+// EXPECT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED and ASSERT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED on systems where
+// death tests are not supported. Those macros must compile on such systems
+// iff EXPECT_DEATH and ASSERT_DEATH compile with the same parameters on
+// systems that support death tests. This allows one to write such a macro
+// on a system that does not support death tests and be sure that it will
+// compile on a death-test supporting system. It is exposed publicly so that
+// systems that have death-tests with stricter requirements than
+// GTEST_HAS_DEATH_TEST can write their own equivalent of
+// EXPECT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED and ASSERT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED.
+//
+// Parameters:
+//   statement -  A statement that a macro such as EXPECT_DEATH would test
+//                for program termination. This macro has to make sure this
+//                statement is compiled but not executed, to ensure that
+//                EXPECT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED compiles with a certain
+//                parameter iff EXPECT_DEATH compiles with it.
+//   regex     -  A regex that a macro such as EXPECT_DEATH would use to test
+//                the output of statement.  This parameter has to be
+//                compiled but not evaluated by this macro, to ensure that
+//                this macro only accepts expressions that a macro such as
+//                EXPECT_DEATH would accept.
+//   terminator - Must be an empty statement for EXPECT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED
+//                and a return statement for ASSERT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED.
+//                This ensures that ASSERT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED will not
+//                compile inside functions where ASSERT_DEATH doesn't
+//                compile.
+//
+//  The branch that has an always false condition is used to ensure that
+//  statement and regex are compiled (and thus syntactically correct) but
+//  never executed. The unreachable code macro protects the terminator
+//  statement from generating an 'unreachable code' warning in case
+//  statement unconditionally returns or throws. The Message constructor at
+//  the end allows the syntax of streaming additional messages into the
+//  macro, for compilational compatibility with EXPECT_DEATH/ASSERT_DEATH.
+# define GTEST_UNSUPPORTED_DEATH_TEST(statement, regex, terminator) \
+    GTEST_AMBIGUOUS_ELSE_BLOCKER_ \
+    if (::testing::internal::AlwaysTrue()) { \
+      GTEST_LOG_(WARNING) \
+          << "Death tests are not supported on this platform.\n" \
+          << "Statement '" #statement "' cannot be verified."; \
+    } else if (::testing::internal::AlwaysFalse()) { \
+      ::testing::internal::RE::PartialMatch(".*", (regex)); \
+      GTEST_SUPPRESS_UNREACHABLE_CODE_WARNING_BELOW_(statement); \
+      terminator; \
+    } else \
+      ::testing::Message()
+
 // EXPECT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED(statement, regex) and
 // ASSERT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED(statement, regex) expand to real death tests if
 // death tests are supported; otherwise they just issue a warning.  This is
@@ -284,9 +332,9 @@
     ASSERT_DEATH(statement, regex)
 #else
 # define EXPECT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED(statement, regex) \
-    GTEST_UNSUPPORTED_DEATH_TEST_(statement, regex, )
+    GTEST_UNSUPPORTED_DEATH_TEST(statement, regex, )
 # define ASSERT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED(statement, regex) \
-    GTEST_UNSUPPORTED_DEATH_TEST_(statement, regex, return)
+    GTEST_UNSUPPORTED_DEATH_TEST(statement, regex, return)
 #endif
 
 }  // namespace testing
diff --git a/googletest/include/gtest/gtest-message.h b/googletest/include/gtest/gtest-message.h
index fe879bc..8bc28d2 100644
--- a/googletest/include/gtest/gtest-message.h
+++ b/googletest/include/gtest/gtest-message.h
@@ -196,7 +196,6 @@
   std::string GetString() const;
 
  private:
-
 #if GTEST_OS_SYMBIAN
   // These are needed as the Nokia Symbian Compiler cannot decide between
   // const T& and const T* in a function template. The Nokia compiler _can_
diff --git a/googletest/include/gtest/gtest-param-test.h b/googletest/include/gtest/gtest-param-test.h
index 7548a7c..19fae39 100644
--- a/googletest/include/gtest/gtest-param-test.h
+++ b/googletest/include/gtest/gtest-param-test.h
@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@
 //
 // This file is generated by a SCRIPT.  DO NOT EDIT BY HAND!
 //
+
 #ifndef GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_PARAM_TEST_H_
 #define GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_PARAM_TEST_H_
 
@@ -79,7 +80,7 @@
 // Finally, you can use INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P to instantiate the test
 // case with any set of parameters you want. Google Test defines a number
 // of functions for generating test parameters. They return what we call
-// (surprise!) parameter generators. Here is a  summary of them, which
+// (surprise!) parameter generators. Here is a summary of them, which
 // are all in the testing namespace:
 //
 //
@@ -268,7 +269,7 @@
 // each with C-string values of "foo", "bar", and "baz":
 //
 // const char* strings[] = {"foo", "bar", "baz"};
-// INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(StringSequence, SrtingTest, ValuesIn(strings));
+// INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(StringSequence, StringTest, ValuesIn(strings));
 //
 // This instantiates tests from test case StlStringTest
 // each with STL strings with values "a" and "b":
@@ -1407,30 +1408,32 @@
 // type testing::TestParamInfo<class ParamType>, and return std::string.
 //
 // testing::PrintToStringParamName is a builtin test suffix generator that
-// returns the value of testing::PrintToString(GetParam()). It does not work
-// for std::string or C strings.
+// returns the value of testing::PrintToString(GetParam()).
 //
 // Note: test names must be non-empty, unique, and may only contain ASCII
-// alphanumeric characters or underscore.
+// alphanumeric characters or underscore. Because PrintToString adds quotes
+// to std::string and C strings, it won't work for these types.
 
-# define INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(prefix, test_case_name, generator, ...) \
-  ::testing::internal::ParamGenerator<test_case_name::ParamType> \
-      gtest_##prefix##test_case_name##_EvalGenerator_() { return generator; } \
-  ::std::string gtest_##prefix##test_case_name##_EvalGenerateName_( \
-      const ::testing::TestParamInfo<test_case_name::ParamType>& info) { \
-    return ::testing::internal::GetParamNameGen<test_case_name::ParamType> \
-        (__VA_ARGS__)(info); \
-  } \
-  int gtest_##prefix##test_case_name##_dummy_ GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED_ = \
-      ::testing::UnitTest::GetInstance()->parameterized_test_registry(). \
-          GetTestCasePatternHolder<test_case_name>(\
-              #test_case_name, \
-              ::testing::internal::CodeLocation(\
-                  __FILE__, __LINE__))->AddTestCaseInstantiation(\
-                      #prefix, \
-                      &gtest_##prefix##test_case_name##_EvalGenerator_, \
-                      &gtest_##prefix##test_case_name##_EvalGenerateName_, \
-                      __FILE__, __LINE__)
+#define INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(prefix, test_case_name, generator, ...)        \
+  static ::testing::internal::ParamGenerator<test_case_name::ParamType>        \
+      gtest_##prefix##test_case_name##_EvalGenerator_() {                      \
+    return generator;                                                          \
+  }                                                                            \
+  static ::std::string gtest_##prefix##test_case_name##_EvalGenerateName_(     \
+      const ::testing::TestParamInfo<test_case_name::ParamType>& info) {       \
+    return ::testing::internal::GetParamNameGen<test_case_name::ParamType>(    \
+        __VA_ARGS__)(info);                                                    \
+  }                                                                            \
+  static int gtest_##prefix##test_case_name##_dummy_ GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED_ = \
+      ::testing::UnitTest::GetInstance()                                       \
+          ->parameterized_test_registry()                                      \
+          .GetTestCasePatternHolder<test_case_name>(                           \
+              #test_case_name,                                                 \
+              ::testing::internal::CodeLocation(__FILE__, __LINE__))           \
+          ->AddTestCaseInstantiation(                                          \
+              #prefix, &gtest_##prefix##test_case_name##_EvalGenerator_,       \
+              &gtest_##prefix##test_case_name##_EvalGenerateName_, __FILE__,   \
+              __LINE__)
 
 }  // namespace testing
 
diff --git a/googletest/include/gtest/gtest-param-test.h.pump b/googletest/include/gtest/gtest-param-test.h.pump
index 3377543..d8870af 100644
--- a/googletest/include/gtest/gtest-param-test.h.pump
+++ b/googletest/include/gtest/gtest-param-test.h.pump
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@
 // Finally, you can use INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P to instantiate the test
 // case with any set of parameters you want. Google Test defines a number
 // of functions for generating test parameters. They return what we call
-// (surprise!) parameter generators. Here is a  summary of them, which
+// (surprise!) parameter generators. Here is a summary of them, which
 // are all in the testing namespace:
 //
 //
@@ -267,7 +267,7 @@
 // each with C-string values of "foo", "bar", and "baz":
 //
 // const char* strings[] = {"foo", "bar", "baz"};
-// INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(StringSequence, SrtingTest, ValuesIn(strings));
+// INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(StringSequence, StringTest, ValuesIn(strings));
 //
 // This instantiates tests from test case StlStringTest
 // each with STL strings with values "a" and "b":
@@ -480,14 +480,14 @@
 // to std::string and C strings, it won't work for these types.
 
 # define INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(prefix, test_case_name, generator, ...) \
-  ::testing::internal::ParamGenerator<test_case_name::ParamType> \
+  static ::testing::internal::ParamGenerator<test_case_name::ParamType> \
       gtest_##prefix##test_case_name##_EvalGenerator_() { return generator; } \
-  ::std::string gtest_##prefix##test_case_name##_EvalGenerateName_( \
+  static ::std::string gtest_##prefix##test_case_name##_EvalGenerateName_( \
       const ::testing::TestParamInfo<test_case_name::ParamType>& info) { \
     return ::testing::internal::GetParamNameGen<test_case_name::ParamType> \
         (__VA_ARGS__)(info); \
   } \
-  int gtest_##prefix##test_case_name##_dummy_ GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED_ = \
+  static int gtest_##prefix##test_case_name##_dummy_ GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED_ = \
       ::testing::UnitTest::GetInstance()->parameterized_test_registry(). \
           GetTestCasePatternHolder<test_case_name>(\
               #test_case_name, \
diff --git a/googletest/include/gtest/gtest-printers.h b/googletest/include/gtest/gtest-printers.h
index 282a2da..2c83c3f 100644
--- a/googletest/include/gtest/gtest-printers.h
+++ b/googletest/include/gtest/gtest-printers.h
@@ -46,6 +46,10 @@
 //   2. operator<<(ostream&, const T&) defined in either foo or the
 //      global namespace.
 //
+// However if T is an STL-style container then it is printed element-wise
+// unless foo::PrintTo(const T&, ostream*) is defined. Note that
+// operator<<() is ignored for container types.
+//
 // If none of the above is defined, it will print the debug string of
 // the value if it is a protocol buffer, or print the raw bytes in the
 // value otherwise.
@@ -107,6 +111,11 @@
 # include <tuple>
 #endif
 
+#if GTEST_HAS_ABSL
+#include "absl/strings/string_view.h"
+#include "absl/types/optional.h"
+#endif  // GTEST_HAS_ABSL
+
 namespace testing {
 
 // Definitions in the 'internal' and 'internal2' name spaces are
@@ -125,7 +134,11 @@
   kProtobuf,              // a protobuf type
   kConvertibleToInteger,  // a type implicitly convertible to BiggestInt
                           // (e.g. a named or unnamed enum type)
-  kOtherType              // anything else
+#if GTEST_HAS_ABSL
+  kConvertibleToStringView,  // a type implicitly convertible to
+                             // absl::string_view
+#endif
+  kOtherType  // anything else
 };
 
 // TypeWithoutFormatter<T, kTypeKind>::PrintValue(value, os) is called
@@ -138,7 +151,7 @@
   // This default version is called when kTypeKind is kOtherType.
   static void PrintValue(const T& value, ::std::ostream* os) {
     PrintBytesInObjectTo(static_cast<const unsigned char*>(
-                             reinterpret_cast<const void *>(&value)),
+                             reinterpret_cast<const void*>(&value)),
                          sizeof(value), os);
   }
 };
@@ -176,6 +189,19 @@
   }
 };
 
+#if GTEST_HAS_ABSL
+template <typename T>
+class TypeWithoutFormatter<T, kConvertibleToStringView> {
+ public:
+  // Since T has neither operator<< nor PrintTo() but can be implicitly
+  // converted to absl::string_view, we print it as a absl::string_view.
+  //
+  // Note: the implementation is further below, as it depends on
+  // internal::PrintTo symbol which is defined later in the file.
+  static void PrintValue(const T& value, ::std::ostream* os);
+};
+#endif
+
 // Prints the given value to the given ostream.  If the value is a
 // protocol message, its debug string is printed; if it's an enum or
 // of a type implicitly convertible to BiggestInt, it's printed as an
@@ -203,10 +229,19 @@
 template <typename Char, typename CharTraits, typename T>
 ::std::basic_ostream<Char, CharTraits>& operator<<(
     ::std::basic_ostream<Char, CharTraits>& os, const T& x) {
-  TypeWithoutFormatter<T,
-      (internal::IsAProtocolMessage<T>::value ? kProtobuf :
-       internal::ImplicitlyConvertible<const T&, internal::BiggestInt>::value ?
-       kConvertibleToInteger : kOtherType)>::PrintValue(x, &os);
+  TypeWithoutFormatter<T, (internal::IsAProtocolMessage<T>::value
+                               ? kProtobuf
+                               : internal::ImplicitlyConvertible<
+                                     const T&, internal::BiggestInt>::value
+                                     ? kConvertibleToInteger
+                                     :
+#if GTEST_HAS_ABSL
+                                     internal::ImplicitlyConvertible<
+                                         const T&, absl::string_view>::value
+                                         ? kConvertibleToStringView
+                                         :
+#endif
+                                         kOtherType)>::PrintValue(x, &os);
   return os;
 }
 
@@ -428,12 +463,8 @@
   } else {
     // T is a function type, so '*os << p' doesn't do what we want
     // (it just prints p as bool).  We want to print p as a const
-    // void*.  However, we cannot cast it to const void* directly,
-    // even using reinterpret_cast, as earlier versions of gcc
-    // (e.g. 3.4.5) cannot compile the cast when p is a function
-    // pointer.  Casting to UInt64 first solves the problem.
-    *os << reinterpret_cast<const void*>(
-        reinterpret_cast<internal::UInt64>(p));
+    // void*.
+    *os << reinterpret_cast<const void*>(p);
   }
 }
 
@@ -461,17 +492,15 @@
   // DefaultPrintTo() is overloaded.  The type of its first argument
   // determines which version will be picked.
   //
-  // Note that we check for recursive and other container types here, prior 
-  // to we check for protocol message types in our operator<<.  The rationale is:
+  // Note that we check for container types here, prior to we check
+  // for protocol message types in our operator<<.  The rationale is:
   //
   // For protocol messages, we want to give people a chance to
   // override Google Mock's format by defining a PrintTo() or
   // operator<<.  For STL containers, other formats can be
   // incompatible with Google Mock's format for the container
   // elements; therefore we check for container types here to ensure
-  // that our format is used. To prevent an infinite runtime recursion
-  // during the output of recursive container types, we check first for
-  // those.
+  // that our format is used.
   //
   // Note that MSVC and clang-cl do allow an implicit conversion from
   // pointer-to-function to pointer-to-object, but clang-cl warns on it.
@@ -489,8 +518,8 @@
 #else
                 : !internal::ImplicitlyConvertible<T, const void*>::value
 #endif
-                    ? kPrintFunctionPointer
-                    : kPrintPointer>(),
+                      ? kPrintFunctionPointer
+                      : kPrintPointer>(),
       value, os);
 }
 
@@ -598,6 +627,13 @@
 }
 #endif  // GTEST_HAS_STD_WSTRING
 
+#if GTEST_HAS_ABSL
+// Overload for absl::string_view.
+inline void PrintTo(absl::string_view sp, ::std::ostream* os) {
+  PrintTo(::std::string(sp), os);
+}
+#endif  // GTEST_HAS_ABSL
+
 #if GTEST_HAS_TR1_TUPLE || GTEST_HAS_STD_TUPLE_
 // Helper function for printing a tuple.  T must be instantiated with
 // a tuple type.
@@ -727,6 +763,26 @@
   GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_POP_()
 };
 
+#if GTEST_HAS_ABSL
+
+// Printer for absl::optional
+
+template <typename T>
+class UniversalPrinter<::absl::optional<T>> {
+ public:
+  static void Print(const ::absl::optional<T>& value, ::std::ostream* os) {
+    *os << '(';
+    if (!value) {
+      *os << "nullopt";
+    } else {
+      UniversalPrint(*value, os);
+    }
+    *os << ')';
+  }
+};
+
+#endif  // GTEST_HAS_ABSL
+
 // UniversalPrintArray(begin, len, os) prints an array of 'len'
 // elements, starting at address 'begin'.
 template <typename T>
@@ -873,7 +929,7 @@
   UniversalPrinter<T1>::Print(value, os);
 }
 
-typedef ::std::vector<string> Strings;
+typedef ::std::vector< ::std::string> Strings;
 
 // TuplePolicy<TupleT> must provide:
 // - tuple_size
@@ -993,6 +1049,16 @@
 
 }  // namespace internal
 
+#if GTEST_HAS_ABSL
+namespace internal2 {
+template <typename T>
+void TypeWithoutFormatter<T, kConvertibleToStringView>::PrintValue(
+    const T& value, ::std::ostream* os) {
+  internal::PrintTo(absl::string_view(value), os);
+}
+}  // namespace internal2
+#endif
+
 template <typename T>
 ::std::string PrintToString(const T& value) {
   ::std::stringstream ss;
diff --git a/googletest/include/gtest/gtest-typed-test.h b/googletest/include/gtest/gtest-typed-test.h
index 20726b2..759d1db 100644
--- a/googletest/include/gtest/gtest-typed-test.h
+++ b/googletest/include/gtest/gtest-typed-test.h
@@ -243,7 +243,7 @@
   } \
   static const char* const GTEST_REGISTERED_TEST_NAMES_(CaseName) \
       GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED_ = \
-          GTEST_TYPED_TEST_CASE_P_STATE_(CaseName).VerifyRegisteredTestNames(\
+          GTEST_TYPED_TEST_CASE_P_STATE_(CaseName).VerifyRegisteredTestNames( \
               __FILE__, __LINE__, #__VA_ARGS__)
 
 // The 'Types' template argument below must have spaces around it
diff --git a/googletest/include/gtest/gtest.h b/googletest/include/gtest/gtest.h
index a19625f..26e787d 100644
--- a/googletest/include/gtest/gtest.h
+++ b/googletest/include/gtest/gtest.h
@@ -115,6 +115,9 @@
 // test.
 GTEST_DECLARE_bool_(print_time);
 
+// This flags control whether Google Test prints UTF8 characters as text.
+GTEST_DECLARE_bool_(print_utf8);
+
 // This flag specifies the random number seed.
 GTEST_DECLARE_int32_(random_seed);
 
@@ -135,7 +138,7 @@
 
 // When this flag is specified, a failed assertion will throw an
 // exception if exceptions are enabled, or exit the program with a
-// non-zero code otherwise.
+// non-zero code otherwise. For use with an external test framework.
 GTEST_DECLARE_bool_(throw_on_failure);
 
 // When this flag is set with a "host:port" string, on supported
@@ -259,7 +262,9 @@
   // Used in EXPECT_TRUE/FALSE(assertion_result).
   AssertionResult(const AssertionResult& other);
 
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER < 1910
   GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_PUSH_(4800 /* forcing value to bool */)
+#endif
 
   // Used in the EXPECT_TRUE/FALSE(bool_expression).
   //
@@ -276,7 +281,9 @@
           /*enabler*/ = NULL)
       : success_(success) {}
 
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER < 1910
   GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_POP_()
+#endif
 
   // Assignment operator.
   AssertionResult& operator=(AssertionResult other) {
@@ -345,6 +352,15 @@
 // Deprecated; use AssertionFailure() << msg.
 GTEST_API_ AssertionResult AssertionFailure(const Message& msg);
 
+}  // namespace testing
+
+// Includes the auto-generated header that implements a family of generic
+// predicate assertion macros. This include comes late because it relies on
+// APIs declared above.
+#include "gtest/gtest_pred_impl.h"
+
+namespace testing {
+
 // The abstract class that all tests inherit from.
 //
 // In Google Test, a unit test program contains one or many TestCases, and
@@ -355,7 +371,7 @@
 // this for you.
 //
 // The only time you derive from Test is when defining a test fixture
-// to be used a TEST_F.  For example:
+// to be used in a TEST_F.  For example:
 //
 //   class FooTest : public testing::Test {
 //    protected:
@@ -550,9 +566,8 @@
   // Returns the elapsed time, in milliseconds.
   TimeInMillis elapsed_time() const { return elapsed_time_; }
 
-  // Returns the i-th test part result among all the results. i can range
-  // from 0 to test_property_count() - 1. If i is not in that range, aborts
-  // the program.
+  // Returns the i-th test part result among all the results. i can range from 0
+  // to total_part_count() - 1. If i is not in that range, aborts the program.
   const TestPartResult& GetTestPartResult(int i) const;
 
   // Returns the i-th test property. i can range from 0 to
@@ -675,6 +690,9 @@
   // Returns the line where this test is defined.
   int line() const { return location_.line; }
 
+  // Return true if this test should not be run because it's in another shard.
+  bool is_in_another_shard() const { return is_in_another_shard_; }
+
   // Returns true if this test should run, that is if the test is not
   // disabled (or it is disabled but the also_run_disabled_tests flag has
   // been specified) and its full name matches the user-specified filter.
@@ -695,10 +713,9 @@
 
   // Returns true iff this test will appear in the XML report.
   bool is_reportable() const {
-    // For now, the XML report includes all tests matching the filter.
-    // In the future, we may trim tests that are excluded because of
-    // sharding.
-    return matches_filter_;
+    // The XML report includes tests matching the filter, excluding those
+    // run in other shards.
+    return matches_filter_ && !is_in_another_shard_;
   }
 
   // Returns the result of the test.
@@ -762,6 +779,7 @@
   bool is_disabled_;                // True iff this test is disabled
   bool matches_filter_;             // True if this test matches the
                                     // user-specified filter.
+  bool is_in_another_shard_;        // Will be run in another shard.
   internal::TestFactoryBase* const factory_;  // The factory that creates
                                               // the test object
 
@@ -986,6 +1004,18 @@
   virtual Setup_should_be_spelled_SetUp* Setup() { return NULL; }
 };
 
+#if GTEST_HAS_EXCEPTIONS
+
+// Exception which can be thrown from TestEventListener::OnTestPartResult.
+class GTEST_API_ AssertionException
+    : public internal::GoogleTestFailureException {
+ public:
+  explicit AssertionException(const TestPartResult& result)
+      : GoogleTestFailureException(result) {}
+};
+
+#endif  // GTEST_HAS_EXCEPTIONS
+
 // The interface for tracing execution of tests. The methods are organized in
 // the order the corresponding events are fired.
 class TestEventListener {
@@ -1014,6 +1044,8 @@
   virtual void OnTestStart(const TestInfo& test_info) = 0;
 
   // Fired after a failed assertion or a SUCCEED() invocation.
+  // If you want to throw an exception from this function to skip to the next
+  // TEST, it must be AssertionException defined above, or inherited from it.
   virtual void OnTestPartResult(const TestPartResult& test_part_result) = 0;
 
   // Fired after the test ends.
@@ -1287,9 +1319,9 @@
 
   // These classes and functions are friends as they need to access private
   // members of UnitTest.
+  friend class ScopedTrace;
   friend class Test;
   friend class internal::AssertHelper;
-  friend class internal::ScopedTrace;
   friend class internal::StreamingListenerTest;
   friend class internal::UnitTestRecordPropertyTestHelper;
   friend Environment* AddGlobalTestEnvironment(Environment* env);
@@ -1778,7 +1810,6 @@
 class TestWithParam : public Test, public WithParamInterface<T> {
 };
 
-
 // Macros for indicating success/failure in test code.
 
 // ADD_FAILURE unconditionally adds a failure to the current test.
@@ -1851,22 +1882,18 @@
 // AssertionResult. For more information on how to use AssertionResult with
 // these macros see comments on that class.
 #define EXPECT_TRUE(condition) \
-  GTEST_TEST_BOOLEAN_((condition), #condition, false, true, \
+  GTEST_TEST_BOOLEAN_(condition, #condition, false, true, \
                       GTEST_NONFATAL_FAILURE_)
 #define EXPECT_FALSE(condition) \
   GTEST_TEST_BOOLEAN_(!(condition), #condition, true, false, \
                       GTEST_NONFATAL_FAILURE_)
 #define ASSERT_TRUE(condition) \
-  GTEST_TEST_BOOLEAN_((condition), #condition, false, true, \
+  GTEST_TEST_BOOLEAN_(condition, #condition, false, true, \
                       GTEST_FATAL_FAILURE_)
 #define ASSERT_FALSE(condition) \
   GTEST_TEST_BOOLEAN_(!(condition), #condition, true, false, \
                       GTEST_FATAL_FAILURE_)
 
-// Includes the auto-generated header that implements a family of
-// generic predicate assertion macros.
-#include "gtest/gtest_pred_impl.h"
-
 // Macros for testing equalities and inequalities.
 //
 //    * {ASSERT|EXPECT}_EQ(v1, v2): Tests that v1 == v2
@@ -1908,8 +1935,8 @@
 //
 // Examples:
 //
-//   EXPECT_NE(5, Foo());
-//   EXPECT_EQ(NULL, a_pointer);
+//   EXPECT_NE(Foo(), 5);
+//   EXPECT_EQ(a_pointer, NULL);
 //   ASSERT_LT(i, array_size);
 //   ASSERT_GT(records.size(), 0) << "There is no record left.";
 
@@ -2095,6 +2122,57 @@
 #define EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(statement) \
     GTEST_TEST_NO_FATAL_FAILURE_(statement, GTEST_NONFATAL_FAILURE_)
 
+// Causes a trace (including the given source file path and line number,
+// and the given message) to be included in every test failure message generated
+// by code in the scope of the lifetime of an instance of this class. The effect
+// is undone with the destruction of the instance.
+//
+// The message argument can be anything streamable to std::ostream.
+//
+// Example:
+//   testing::ScopedTrace trace("file.cc", 123, "message");
+//
+class GTEST_API_ ScopedTrace {
+ public:
+  // The c'tor pushes the given source file location and message onto
+  // a trace stack maintained by Google Test.
+
+  // Template version. Uses Message() to convert the values into strings.
+  // Slow, but flexible.
+  template <typename T>
+  ScopedTrace(const char* file, int line, const T& message) {
+    PushTrace(file, line, (Message() << message).GetString());
+  }
+
+  // Optimize for some known types.
+  ScopedTrace(const char* file, int line, const char* message) {
+    PushTrace(file, line, message ? message : "(null)");
+  }
+
+#if GTEST_HAS_GLOBAL_STRING
+  ScopedTrace(const char* file, int line, const ::string& message) {
+    PushTrace(file, line, message);
+  }
+#endif
+
+  ScopedTrace(const char* file, int line, const std::string& message) {
+    PushTrace(file, line, message);
+  }
+
+  // The d'tor pops the info pushed by the c'tor.
+  //
+  // Note that the d'tor is not virtual in order to be efficient.
+  // Don't inherit from ScopedTrace!
+  ~ScopedTrace();
+
+ private:
+  void PushTrace(const char* file, int line, std::string message);
+
+  GTEST_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN_(ScopedTrace);
+} GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED_;  // A ScopedTrace object does its job in its
+                            // c'tor and d'tor.  Therefore it doesn't
+                            // need to be used otherwise.
+
 // Causes a trace (including the source file path, the current line
 // number, and the given message) to be included in every test failure
 // message generated by code in the current scope.  The effect is
@@ -2106,9 +2184,14 @@
 // of the dummy variable name, thus allowing multiple SCOPED_TRACE()s
 // to appear in the same block - as long as they are on different
 // lines.
+//
+// Assuming that each thread maintains its own stack of traces.
+// Therefore, a SCOPED_TRACE() would (correctly) only affect the
+// assertions in its own thread.
 #define SCOPED_TRACE(message) \
-  ::testing::internal::ScopedTrace GTEST_CONCAT_TOKEN_(gtest_trace_, __LINE__)(\
-    __FILE__, __LINE__, ::testing::Message() << (message))
+  ::testing::ScopedTrace GTEST_CONCAT_TOKEN_(gtest_trace_, __LINE__)(\
+    __FILE__, __LINE__, (message))
+
 
 // Compile-time assertion for type equality.
 // StaticAssertTypeEq<type1, type2>() compiles iff type1 and type2 are
@@ -2203,8 +2286,8 @@
 //   }
 //
 //   TEST_F(FooTest, ReturnsElementCountCorrectly) {
-//     EXPECT_EQ(0, a_.size());
-//     EXPECT_EQ(1, b_.size());
+//     EXPECT_EQ(a_.size(), 0);
+//     EXPECT_EQ(b_.size(), 1);
 //   }
 
 #define TEST_F(test_fixture, test_name)\
diff --git a/googletest/include/gtest/gtest_pred_impl.h b/googletest/include/gtest/gtest_pred_impl.h
index 30ae712..c8be230 100644
--- a/googletest/include/gtest/gtest_pred_impl.h
+++ b/googletest/include/gtest/gtest_pred_impl.h
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
 // (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
 // OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 
-// This file is AUTOMATICALLY GENERATED on 10/31/2011 by command
+// This file is AUTOMATICALLY GENERATED on 01/02/2018 by command
 // 'gen_gtest_pred_impl.py 5'.  DO NOT EDIT BY HAND!
 //
 // Implements a family of generic predicate assertion macros.
@@ -35,10 +35,9 @@
 #ifndef GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_PRED_IMPL_H_
 #define GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_PRED_IMPL_H_
 
-// Makes sure this header is not included before gtest.h.
-#ifndef GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_H_
-# error Do not include gtest_pred_impl.h directly.  Include gtest.h instead.
-#endif  // GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_H_
+#include "gtest/gtest.h"
+
+namespace testing {
 
 // This header implements a family of generic predicate assertion
 // macros:
@@ -66,8 +65,6 @@
 // We also define the EXPECT_* variations.
 //
 // For now we only support predicates whose arity is at most 5.
-// Please email googletestframework@googlegroups.com if you need
-// support for higher arities.
 
 // GTEST_ASSERT_ is the basic statement to which all of the assertions
 // in this file reduce.  Don't use this in your code.
@@ -355,4 +352,6 @@
 
 
 
+}  // namespace testing
+
 #endif  // GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_PRED_IMPL_H_
diff --git a/googletest/include/gtest/gtest_prod.h b/googletest/include/gtest/gtest_prod.h
index da80ddc..d9ea685 100644
--- a/googletest/include/gtest/gtest_prod.h
+++ b/googletest/include/gtest/gtest_prod.h
@@ -40,17 +40,20 @@
 //
 // class MyClass {
 //  private:
-//   void MyMethod();
-//   FRIEND_TEST(MyClassTest, MyMethod);
+//   void PrivateMethod();
+//   FRIEND_TEST(MyClassTest, PrivateMethodWorks);
 // };
 //
 // class MyClassTest : public testing::Test {
 //   // ...
 // };
 //
-// TEST_F(MyClassTest, MyMethod) {
-//   // Can call MyClass::MyMethod() here.
+// TEST_F(MyClassTest, PrivateMethodWorks) {
+//   // Can call MyClass::PrivateMethod() here.
 // }
+//
+// Note: The test class must be in the same namespace as the class being tested.
+// For example, putting MyClassTest in an anonymous namespace will not work.
 
 #define FRIEND_TEST(test_case_name, test_name)\
 friend class test_case_name##_##test_name##_Test
diff --git a/googletest/include/gtest/internal/custom/gtest-port.h b/googletest/include/gtest/internal/custom/gtest-port.h
index c85f5d5..94884c1 100644
--- a/googletest/include/gtest/internal/custom/gtest-port.h
+++ b/googletest/include/gtest/internal/custom/gtest-port.h
@@ -61,6 +61,9 @@
 //     GTEST_EXCLUSIVE_LOCK_REQUIRED_(locks)
 //     GTEST_LOCK_EXCLUDED_(locks)
 //
+//   Underlying library support features:
+//     GTEST_HAS_CXXABI_H_
+//
 //   Exporting API symbols:
 //     GTEST_API_ - Specifier for exported symbols.
 //
diff --git a/googletest/include/gtest/internal/custom/gtest.h b/googletest/include/gtest/internal/custom/gtest.h
index a7a1c0b..6f7c5e4 100644
--- a/googletest/include/gtest/internal/custom/gtest.h
+++ b/googletest/include/gtest/internal/custom/gtest.h
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@
 // GTEST_CUSTOM_TEMPDIR_FUNCTION_ - An override for testing::TempDir().
 //                                  See testing::TempDir for semantics and
 //                                  signature.
-// 
+//
 // ** Custom implementation starts here **
 
 #ifndef GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_CUSTOM_GTEST_H_
diff --git a/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-death-test-internal.h b/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-death-test-internal.h
index 2b3a78f..a9e6610 100644
--- a/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-death-test-internal.h
+++ b/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-death-test-internal.h
@@ -27,7 +27,6 @@
 // (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
 // OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 //
-// Authors: wan@google.com (Zhanyong Wan), eefacm@gmail.com (Sean Mcafee)
 //
 // The Google C++ Testing Framework (Google Test)
 //
@@ -264,53 +263,6 @@
 // the flag is specified; otherwise returns NULL.
 InternalRunDeathTestFlag* ParseInternalRunDeathTestFlag();
 
-#else  // GTEST_HAS_DEATH_TEST
-
-// This macro is used for implementing macros such as
-// EXPECT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED and ASSERT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED on systems where
-// death tests are not supported. Those macros must compile on such systems
-// iff EXPECT_DEATH and ASSERT_DEATH compile with the same parameters on
-// systems that support death tests. This allows one to write such a macro
-// on a system that does not support death tests and be sure that it will
-// compile on a death-test supporting system.
-//
-// Parameters:
-//   statement -  A statement that a macro such as EXPECT_DEATH would test
-//                for program termination. This macro has to make sure this
-//                statement is compiled but not executed, to ensure that
-//                EXPECT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED compiles with a certain
-//                parameter iff EXPECT_DEATH compiles with it.
-//   regex     -  A regex that a macro such as EXPECT_DEATH would use to test
-//                the output of statement.  This parameter has to be
-//                compiled but not evaluated by this macro, to ensure that
-//                this macro only accepts expressions that a macro such as
-//                EXPECT_DEATH would accept.
-//   terminator - Must be an empty statement for EXPECT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED
-//                and a return statement for ASSERT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED.
-//                This ensures that ASSERT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED will not
-//                compile inside functions where ASSERT_DEATH doesn't
-//                compile.
-//
-//  The branch that has an always false condition is used to ensure that
-//  statement and regex are compiled (and thus syntactically correct) but
-//  never executed. The unreachable code macro protects the terminator
-//  statement from generating an 'unreachable code' warning in case
-//  statement unconditionally returns or throws. The Message constructor at
-//  the end allows the syntax of streaming additional messages into the
-//  macro, for compilational compatibility with EXPECT_DEATH/ASSERT_DEATH.
-# define GTEST_UNSUPPORTED_DEATH_TEST_(statement, regex, terminator) \
-    GTEST_AMBIGUOUS_ELSE_BLOCKER_ \
-    if (::testing::internal::AlwaysTrue()) { \
-      GTEST_LOG_(WARNING) \
-          << "Death tests are not supported on this platform.\n" \
-          << "Statement '" #statement "' cannot be verified."; \
-    } else if (::testing::internal::AlwaysFalse()) { \
-      ::testing::internal::RE::PartialMatch(".*", (regex)); \
-      GTEST_SUPPRESS_UNREACHABLE_CODE_WARNING_BELOW_(statement); \
-      terminator; \
-    } else \
-      ::testing::Message()
-
 #endif  // GTEST_HAS_DEATH_TEST
 
 }  // namespace internal
diff --git a/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-filepath.h b/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-filepath.h
index 7a13b4b..406597a 100644
--- a/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-filepath.h
+++ b/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-filepath.h
@@ -27,14 +27,13 @@
 // (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
 // OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 //
-// Author: keith.ray@gmail.com (Keith Ray)
 //
 // Google Test filepath utilities
 //
 // This header file declares classes and functions used internally by
 // Google Test.  They are subject to change without notice.
 //
-// This file is #included in <gtest/internal/gtest-internal.h>.
+// This file is #included in gtest/internal/gtest-internal.h.
 // Do not include this header file separately!
 
 #ifndef GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_FILEPATH_H_
diff --git a/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-internal.h b/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-internal.h
index 2a6e4da..db5a4ef 100644
--- a/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-internal.h
+++ b/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-internal.h
@@ -27,7 +27,6 @@
 // (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
 // OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 //
-// Authors: wan@google.com (Zhanyong Wan), eefacm@gmail.com (Sean Mcafee)
 //
 // The Google C++ Testing Framework (Google Test)
 //
@@ -61,8 +60,8 @@
 #include <vector>
 
 #include "gtest/gtest-message.h"
-#include "gtest/internal/gtest-string.h"
 #include "gtest/internal/gtest-filepath.h"
+#include "gtest/internal/gtest-string.h"
 #include "gtest/internal/gtest-type-util.h"
 
 // Due to C++ preprocessor weirdness, we need double indirection to
@@ -96,7 +95,6 @@
 namespace internal {
 
 struct TraceInfo;                      // Information about a trace point.
-class ScopedTrace;                     // Implements scoped trace.
 class TestInfoImpl;                    // Opaque implementation of TestInfo
 class UnitTestImpl;                    // Opaque implementation of UnitTest
 
@@ -152,30 +150,11 @@
 
 #endif  // GTEST_HAS_EXCEPTIONS
 
-// A helper class for creating scoped traces in user programs.
-class GTEST_API_ ScopedTrace {
- public:
-  // The c'tor pushes the given source file location and message onto
-  // a trace stack maintained by Google Test.
-  ScopedTrace(const char* file, int line, const Message& message);
-
-  // The d'tor pops the info pushed by the c'tor.
-  //
-  // Note that the d'tor is not virtual in order to be efficient.
-  // Don't inherit from ScopedTrace!
-  ~ScopedTrace();
-
- private:
-  GTEST_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN_(ScopedTrace);
-} GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED_;  // A ScopedTrace object does its job in its
-                            // c'tor and d'tor.  Therefore it doesn't
-                            // need to be used otherwise.
-
 namespace edit_distance {
 // Returns the optimal edits to go from 'left' to 'right'.
 // All edits cost the same, with replace having lower priority than
 // add/remove.
-// Simple implementation of the Wagner-Fischer algorithm.
+// Simple implementation of the Wagner–Fischer algorithm.
 // See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wagner-Fischer_algorithm
 enum EditType { kMatch, kAdd, kRemove, kReplace };
 GTEST_API_ std::vector<EditType> CalculateOptimalEdits(
@@ -628,7 +607,7 @@
   // Types).  Valid values for 'index' are [0, N - 1] where N is the
   // length of Types.
   static bool Register(const char* prefix,
-                       CodeLocation code_location,
+                       const CodeLocation& code_location,
                        const char* case_name, const char* test_names,
                        int index) {
     typedef typename Types::Head Type;
@@ -659,7 +638,7 @@
 template <GTEST_TEMPLATE_ Fixture, class TestSel>
 class TypeParameterizedTest<Fixture, TestSel, Types0> {
  public:
-  static bool Register(const char* /*prefix*/, CodeLocation,
+  static bool Register(const char* /*prefix*/, const CodeLocation&,
                        const char* /*case_name*/, const char* /*test_names*/,
                        int /*index*/) {
     return true;
@@ -705,7 +684,7 @@
 template <GTEST_TEMPLATE_ Fixture, typename Types>
 class TypeParameterizedTestCase<Fixture, Templates0, Types> {
  public:
-  static bool Register(const char* /*prefix*/, CodeLocation,
+  static bool Register(const char* /*prefix*/, const CodeLocation&,
                        const TypedTestCasePState* /*state*/,
                        const char* /*case_name*/, const char* /*test_names*/) {
     return true;
@@ -824,31 +803,6 @@
 #define GTEST_REMOVE_REFERENCE_AND_CONST_(T) \
     GTEST_REMOVE_CONST_(GTEST_REMOVE_REFERENCE_(T))
 
-// Adds reference to a type if it is not a reference type,
-// otherwise leaves it unchanged.  This is the same as
-// tr1::add_reference, which is not widely available yet.
-template <typename T>
-struct AddReference { typedef T& type; };  // NOLINT
-template <typename T>
-struct AddReference<T&> { typedef T& type; };  // NOLINT
-
-// A handy wrapper around AddReference that works when the argument T
-// depends on template parameters.
-#define GTEST_ADD_REFERENCE_(T) \
-    typename ::testing::internal::AddReference<T>::type
-
-// Adds a reference to const on top of T as necessary.  For example,
-// it transforms
-//
-//   char         ==> const char&
-//   const char   ==> const char&
-//   char&        ==> const char&
-//   const char&  ==> const char&
-//
-// The argument T must depend on some template parameters.
-#define GTEST_REFERENCE_TO_CONST_(T) \
-    GTEST_ADD_REFERENCE_(const GTEST_REMOVE_REFERENCE_(T))
-
 // ImplicitlyConvertible<From, To>::value is a compile-time bool
 // constant that's true iff type From can be implicitly converted to
 // type To.
@@ -1096,7 +1050,7 @@
  private:
   enum {
     kCheckTypeIsNotConstOrAReference = StaticAssertTypeEqHelper<
-        Element, GTEST_REMOVE_REFERENCE_AND_CONST_(Element)>::value,
+        Element, GTEST_REMOVE_REFERENCE_AND_CONST_(Element)>::value
   };
 
   // Initializes this object with a copy of the input.
diff --git a/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-param-util-generated.h b/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-param-util-generated.h
index 34bd0dd..dcf90c2 100644
--- a/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-param-util-generated.h
+++ b/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-param-util-generated.h
@@ -3203,7 +3203,7 @@
     virtual ParamIteratorInterface<ParamType>* Clone() const {
       return new Iterator(*this);
     }
-    virtual const ParamType* Current() const { return &current_value_; }
+    virtual const ParamType* Current() const { return current_value_.get(); }
     virtual bool Equals(const ParamIteratorInterface<ParamType>& other) const {
       // Having the same base generator guarantees that the other
       // iterator is of the same type and we can downcast.
@@ -3235,7 +3235,7 @@
 
     void ComputeCurrentValue() {
       if (!AtEnd())
-        current_value_ = ParamType(*current1_, *current2_);
+        current_value_.reset(new ParamType(*current1_, *current2_));
     }
     bool AtEnd() const {
       // We must report iterator past the end of the range when either of the
@@ -3257,7 +3257,7 @@
     const typename ParamGenerator<T2>::iterator begin2_;
     const typename ParamGenerator<T2>::iterator end2_;
     typename ParamGenerator<T2>::iterator current2_;
-    ParamType current_value_;
+    linked_ptr<ParamType> current_value_;
   };  // class CartesianProductGenerator2::Iterator
 
   // No implementation - assignment is unsupported.
@@ -3326,7 +3326,7 @@
     virtual ParamIteratorInterface<ParamType>* Clone() const {
       return new Iterator(*this);
     }
-    virtual const ParamType* Current() const { return &current_value_; }
+    virtual const ParamType* Current() const { return current_value_.get(); }
     virtual bool Equals(const ParamIteratorInterface<ParamType>& other) const {
       // Having the same base generator guarantees that the other
       // iterator is of the same type and we can downcast.
@@ -3362,7 +3362,7 @@
 
     void ComputeCurrentValue() {
       if (!AtEnd())
-        current_value_ = ParamType(*current1_, *current2_, *current3_);
+        current_value_.reset(new ParamType(*current1_, *current2_, *current3_));
     }
     bool AtEnd() const {
       // We must report iterator past the end of the range when either of the
@@ -3388,7 +3388,7 @@
     const typename ParamGenerator<T3>::iterator begin3_;
     const typename ParamGenerator<T3>::iterator end3_;
     typename ParamGenerator<T3>::iterator current3_;
-    ParamType current_value_;
+    linked_ptr<ParamType> current_value_;
   };  // class CartesianProductGenerator3::Iterator
 
   // No implementation - assignment is unsupported.
@@ -3467,7 +3467,7 @@
     virtual ParamIteratorInterface<ParamType>* Clone() const {
       return new Iterator(*this);
     }
-    virtual const ParamType* Current() const { return &current_value_; }
+    virtual const ParamType* Current() const { return current_value_.get(); }
     virtual bool Equals(const ParamIteratorInterface<ParamType>& other) const {
       // Having the same base generator guarantees that the other
       // iterator is of the same type and we can downcast.
@@ -3507,8 +3507,8 @@
 
     void ComputeCurrentValue() {
       if (!AtEnd())
-        current_value_ = ParamType(*current1_, *current2_, *current3_,
-            *current4_);
+        current_value_.reset(new ParamType(*current1_, *current2_, *current3_,
+            *current4_));
     }
     bool AtEnd() const {
       // We must report iterator past the end of the range when either of the
@@ -3538,7 +3538,7 @@
     const typename ParamGenerator<T4>::iterator begin4_;
     const typename ParamGenerator<T4>::iterator end4_;
     typename ParamGenerator<T4>::iterator current4_;
-    ParamType current_value_;
+    linked_ptr<ParamType> current_value_;
   };  // class CartesianProductGenerator4::Iterator
 
   // No implementation - assignment is unsupported.
@@ -3625,7 +3625,7 @@
     virtual ParamIteratorInterface<ParamType>* Clone() const {
       return new Iterator(*this);
     }
-    virtual const ParamType* Current() const { return &current_value_; }
+    virtual const ParamType* Current() const { return current_value_.get(); }
     virtual bool Equals(const ParamIteratorInterface<ParamType>& other) const {
       // Having the same base generator guarantees that the other
       // iterator is of the same type and we can downcast.
@@ -3669,8 +3669,8 @@
 
     void ComputeCurrentValue() {
       if (!AtEnd())
-        current_value_ = ParamType(*current1_, *current2_, *current3_,
-            *current4_, *current5_);
+        current_value_.reset(new ParamType(*current1_, *current2_, *current3_,
+            *current4_, *current5_));
     }
     bool AtEnd() const {
       // We must report iterator past the end of the range when either of the
@@ -3704,7 +3704,7 @@
     const typename ParamGenerator<T5>::iterator begin5_;
     const typename ParamGenerator<T5>::iterator end5_;
     typename ParamGenerator<T5>::iterator current5_;
-    ParamType current_value_;
+    linked_ptr<ParamType> current_value_;
   };  // class CartesianProductGenerator5::Iterator
 
   // No implementation - assignment is unsupported.
@@ -3802,7 +3802,7 @@
     virtual ParamIteratorInterface<ParamType>* Clone() const {
       return new Iterator(*this);
     }
-    virtual const ParamType* Current() const { return &current_value_; }
+    virtual const ParamType* Current() const { return current_value_.get(); }
     virtual bool Equals(const ParamIteratorInterface<ParamType>& other) const {
       // Having the same base generator guarantees that the other
       // iterator is of the same type and we can downcast.
@@ -3850,8 +3850,8 @@
 
     void ComputeCurrentValue() {
       if (!AtEnd())
-        current_value_ = ParamType(*current1_, *current2_, *current3_,
-            *current4_, *current5_, *current6_);
+        current_value_.reset(new ParamType(*current1_, *current2_, *current3_,
+            *current4_, *current5_, *current6_));
     }
     bool AtEnd() const {
       // We must report iterator past the end of the range when either of the
@@ -3889,7 +3889,7 @@
     const typename ParamGenerator<T6>::iterator begin6_;
     const typename ParamGenerator<T6>::iterator end6_;
     typename ParamGenerator<T6>::iterator current6_;
-    ParamType current_value_;
+    linked_ptr<ParamType> current_value_;
   };  // class CartesianProductGenerator6::Iterator
 
   // No implementation - assignment is unsupported.
@@ -3996,7 +3996,7 @@
     virtual ParamIteratorInterface<ParamType>* Clone() const {
       return new Iterator(*this);
     }
-    virtual const ParamType* Current() const { return &current_value_; }
+    virtual const ParamType* Current() const { return current_value_.get(); }
     virtual bool Equals(const ParamIteratorInterface<ParamType>& other) const {
       // Having the same base generator guarantees that the other
       // iterator is of the same type and we can downcast.
@@ -4048,8 +4048,8 @@
 
     void ComputeCurrentValue() {
       if (!AtEnd())
-        current_value_ = ParamType(*current1_, *current2_, *current3_,
-            *current4_, *current5_, *current6_, *current7_);
+        current_value_.reset(new ParamType(*current1_, *current2_, *current3_,
+            *current4_, *current5_, *current6_, *current7_));
     }
     bool AtEnd() const {
       // We must report iterator past the end of the range when either of the
@@ -4091,7 +4091,7 @@
     const typename ParamGenerator<T7>::iterator begin7_;
     const typename ParamGenerator<T7>::iterator end7_;
     typename ParamGenerator<T7>::iterator current7_;
-    ParamType current_value_;
+    linked_ptr<ParamType> current_value_;
   };  // class CartesianProductGenerator7::Iterator
 
   // No implementation - assignment is unsupported.
@@ -4209,7 +4209,7 @@
     virtual ParamIteratorInterface<ParamType>* Clone() const {
       return new Iterator(*this);
     }
-    virtual const ParamType* Current() const { return &current_value_; }
+    virtual const ParamType* Current() const { return current_value_.get(); }
     virtual bool Equals(const ParamIteratorInterface<ParamType>& other) const {
       // Having the same base generator guarantees that the other
       // iterator is of the same type and we can downcast.
@@ -4265,8 +4265,8 @@
 
     void ComputeCurrentValue() {
       if (!AtEnd())
-        current_value_ = ParamType(*current1_, *current2_, *current3_,
-            *current4_, *current5_, *current6_, *current7_, *current8_);
+        current_value_.reset(new ParamType(*current1_, *current2_, *current3_,
+            *current4_, *current5_, *current6_, *current7_, *current8_));
     }
     bool AtEnd() const {
       // We must report iterator past the end of the range when either of the
@@ -4312,7 +4312,7 @@
     const typename ParamGenerator<T8>::iterator begin8_;
     const typename ParamGenerator<T8>::iterator end8_;
     typename ParamGenerator<T8>::iterator current8_;
-    ParamType current_value_;
+    linked_ptr<ParamType> current_value_;
   };  // class CartesianProductGenerator8::Iterator
 
   // No implementation - assignment is unsupported.
@@ -4438,7 +4438,7 @@
     virtual ParamIteratorInterface<ParamType>* Clone() const {
       return new Iterator(*this);
     }
-    virtual const ParamType* Current() const { return &current_value_; }
+    virtual const ParamType* Current() const { return current_value_.get(); }
     virtual bool Equals(const ParamIteratorInterface<ParamType>& other) const {
       // Having the same base generator guarantees that the other
       // iterator is of the same type and we can downcast.
@@ -4498,9 +4498,9 @@
 
     void ComputeCurrentValue() {
       if (!AtEnd())
-        current_value_ = ParamType(*current1_, *current2_, *current3_,
+        current_value_.reset(new ParamType(*current1_, *current2_, *current3_,
             *current4_, *current5_, *current6_, *current7_, *current8_,
-            *current9_);
+            *current9_));
     }
     bool AtEnd() const {
       // We must report iterator past the end of the range when either of the
@@ -4550,7 +4550,7 @@
     const typename ParamGenerator<T9>::iterator begin9_;
     const typename ParamGenerator<T9>::iterator end9_;
     typename ParamGenerator<T9>::iterator current9_;
-    ParamType current_value_;
+    linked_ptr<ParamType> current_value_;
   };  // class CartesianProductGenerator9::Iterator
 
   // No implementation - assignment is unsupported.
@@ -4685,7 +4685,7 @@
     virtual ParamIteratorInterface<ParamType>* Clone() const {
       return new Iterator(*this);
     }
-    virtual const ParamType* Current() const { return &current_value_; }
+    virtual const ParamType* Current() const { return current_value_.get(); }
     virtual bool Equals(const ParamIteratorInterface<ParamType>& other) const {
       // Having the same base generator guarantees that the other
       // iterator is of the same type and we can downcast.
@@ -4749,9 +4749,9 @@
 
     void ComputeCurrentValue() {
       if (!AtEnd())
-        current_value_ = ParamType(*current1_, *current2_, *current3_,
+        current_value_.reset(new ParamType(*current1_, *current2_, *current3_,
             *current4_, *current5_, *current6_, *current7_, *current8_,
-            *current9_, *current10_);
+            *current9_, *current10_));
     }
     bool AtEnd() const {
       // We must report iterator past the end of the range when either of the
@@ -4805,7 +4805,7 @@
     const typename ParamGenerator<T10>::iterator begin10_;
     const typename ParamGenerator<T10>::iterator end10_;
     typename ParamGenerator<T10>::iterator current10_;
-    ParamType current_value_;
+    linked_ptr<ParamType> current_value_;
   };  // class CartesianProductGenerator10::Iterator
 
   // No implementation - assignment is unsupported.
diff --git a/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-param-util-generated.h.pump b/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-param-util-generated.h.pump
index 7fcf4ce..d65086a 100644
--- a/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-param-util-generated.h.pump
+++ b/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-param-util-generated.h.pump
@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@
     virtual ParamIteratorInterface<ParamType>* Clone() const {
       return new Iterator(*this);
     }
-    virtual const ParamType* Current() const { return &current_value_; }
+    virtual const ParamType* Current() const { return current_value_.get(); }
     virtual bool Equals(const ParamIteratorInterface<ParamType>& other) const {
       // Having the same base generator guarantees that the other
       // iterator is of the same type and we can downcast.
@@ -192,7 +192,7 @@
 
     void ComputeCurrentValue() {
       if (!AtEnd())
-        current_value_ = ParamType($for j, [[*current$(j)_]]);
+        current_value_.reset(new ParamType($for j, [[*current$(j)_]]));
     }
     bool AtEnd() const {
       // We must report iterator past the end of the range when either of the
@@ -217,7 +217,7 @@
     typename ParamGenerator<T$j>::iterator current$(j)_;
 ]]
 
-    ParamType current_value_;
+    linked_ptr<ParamType> current_value_;
   };  // class CartesianProductGenerator$i::Iterator
 
   // No implementation - assignment is unsupported.
diff --git a/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-port-arch.h b/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-port-arch.h
index bb20616..02ff07b 100644
--- a/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-port-arch.h
+++ b/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-port-arch.h
@@ -54,6 +54,9 @@
 #   define GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_PHONE 1
 #  elif WINAPI_FAMILY_PARTITION(WINAPI_PARTITION_APP)
 #   define GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_RT 1
+#  elif WINAPI_FAMILY_PARTITION(WINAPI_PARTITION_TV_TITLE)
+#   define GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_PHONE 1
+#   define GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_TV_TITLE 1
 #  else
     // WINAPI_FAMILY defined but no known partition matched.
     // Default to desktop.
diff --git a/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-port.h b/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-port.h
index 5d1b141..4d5aa04 100644
--- a/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-port.h
+++ b/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-port.h
@@ -73,11 +73,9 @@
 //   GTEST_HAS_EXCEPTIONS     - Define it to 1/0 to indicate that exceptions
 //                              are enabled.
 //   GTEST_HAS_GLOBAL_STRING  - Define it to 1/0 to indicate that ::string
-//                              is/isn't available (some systems define
-//                              ::string, which is different to std::string).
-//   GTEST_HAS_GLOBAL_WSTRING - Define it to 1/0 to indicate that ::string
-//                              is/isn't available (some systems define
-//                              ::wstring, which is different to std::wstring).
+//                              is/isn't available
+//   GTEST_HAS_GLOBAL_WSTRING - Define it to 1/0 to indicate that ::wstring
+//                              is/isn't available
 //   GTEST_HAS_POSIX_RE       - Define it to 1/0 to indicate that POSIX regular
 //                              expressions are/aren't available.
 //   GTEST_HAS_PTHREAD        - Define it to 1/0 to indicate that <pthread.h>
@@ -109,6 +107,12 @@
 //   GTEST_CREATE_SHARED_LIBRARY
 //                            - Define to 1 when compiling Google Test itself
 //                              as a shared library.
+//   GTEST_DEFAULT_DEATH_TEST_STYLE
+//                            - The default value of --gtest_death_test_style.
+//                              The legacy default has been "fast" in the open
+//                              source version since 2008. The recommended value
+//                              is "threadsafe", and can be set in
+//                              custom/gtest-port.h.
 
 // Platform-indicating macros
 // --------------------------
@@ -178,7 +182,7 @@
 //                            GTEST_HAS_POSIX_RE (see above) which users can
 //                            define themselves.
 //   GTEST_USES_SIMPLE_RE   - our own simple regex is used;
-//                            the above two are mutually exclusive.
+//                            the above RE\b(s) are mutually exclusive.
 //   GTEST_CAN_COMPARE_NULL - accepts untyped NULL in EXPECT_EQ().
 
 // Misc public macros
@@ -207,6 +211,7 @@
 //
 // C++11 feature wrappers:
 //
+//   testing::internal::forward - portability wrapper for std::forward.
 //   testing::internal::move  - portability wrapper for std::move.
 //
 // Synchronization:
@@ -272,10 +277,12 @@
 # include <TargetConditionals.h>
 #endif
 
+// Brings in the definition of HAS_GLOBAL_STRING.  This must be done
+// BEFORE we test HAS_GLOBAL_STRING.
+#include <string>  // NOLINT
 #include <algorithm>  // NOLINT
 #include <iostream>  // NOLINT
 #include <sstream>  // NOLINT
-#include <string>  // NOLINT
 #include <utility>
 #include <vector>  // NOLINT
 
@@ -464,8 +471,11 @@
 #ifndef GTEST_HAS_EXCEPTIONS
 // The user didn't tell us whether exceptions are enabled, so we need
 // to figure it out.
-# if defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(__BORLANDC__)
-// MSVC's and C++Builder's implementations of the STL use the _HAS_EXCEPTIONS
+# if defined(_MSC_VER) && defined(_CPPUNWIND)
+// MSVC defines _CPPUNWIND to 1 iff exceptions are enabled.
+#  define GTEST_HAS_EXCEPTIONS 1
+# elif defined(__BORLANDC__)
+// C++Builder's implementation of the STL uses the _HAS_EXCEPTIONS
 // macro to enable exceptions, so we'll do the same.
 // Assumes that exceptions are enabled by default.
 #  ifndef _HAS_EXCEPTIONS
@@ -611,8 +621,8 @@
 //
 // To disable threading support in Google Test, add -DGTEST_HAS_PTHREAD=0
 // to your compiler flags.
-#define GTEST_HAS_PTHREAD                                                      \
-  (GTEST_OS_LINUX || GTEST_OS_MAC || GTEST_OS_HPUX || GTEST_OS_QNX ||          \
+#define GTEST_HAS_PTHREAD                                             \
+  (GTEST_OS_LINUX || GTEST_OS_MAC || GTEST_OS_HPUX || GTEST_OS_QNX || \
    GTEST_OS_FREEBSD || GTEST_OS_NACL || GTEST_OS_NETBSD || GTEST_OS_FUCHSIA)
 #endif  // GTEST_HAS_PTHREAD
 
@@ -806,9 +816,9 @@
 // Google Test does not support death tests for VC 7.1 and earlier as
 // abort() in a VC 7.1 application compiled as GUI in debug config
 // pops up a dialog window that cannot be suppressed programmatically.
-#if (GTEST_OS_LINUX || GTEST_OS_CYGWIN || GTEST_OS_SOLARIS || \
-     (GTEST_OS_MAC && !GTEST_OS_IOS) || \
-     (GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_DESKTOP && _MSC_VER >= 1400) || \
+#if (GTEST_OS_LINUX || GTEST_OS_CYGWIN || GTEST_OS_SOLARIS ||   \
+     (GTEST_OS_MAC && !GTEST_OS_IOS) ||                         \
+     (GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_DESKTOP && _MSC_VER >= 1400) ||          \
      GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MINGW || GTEST_OS_AIX || GTEST_OS_HPUX || \
      GTEST_OS_OPENBSD || GTEST_OS_QNX || GTEST_OS_FREEBSD || GTEST_OS_NETBSD)
 # define GTEST_HAS_DEATH_TEST 1
@@ -824,10 +834,11 @@
 # define GTEST_HAS_TYPED_TEST_P 1
 #endif
 
-// Determines whether to support Combine().
-// The implementation doesn't work on Sun Studio since it doesn't
-// understand templated conversion operators.
-#if GTEST_HAS_TR1_TUPLE && !defined(__SUNPRO_CC)
+// Determines whether to support Combine(). This only makes sense when
+// value-parameterized tests are enabled.  The implementation doesn't
+// work on Sun Studio since it doesn't understand templated conversion
+// operators.
+#if (GTEST_HAS_TR1_TUPLE || GTEST_HAS_STD_TUPLE_) && !defined(__SUNPRO_CC)
 # define GTEST_HAS_COMBINE 1
 #endif
 
@@ -879,7 +890,7 @@
 #endif
 
 // Use this annotation before a function that takes a printf format string.
-#if defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(COMPILER_ICC)
+#if (defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__clang__)) && !defined(COMPILER_ICC)
 # if defined(__MINGW_PRINTF_FORMAT)
 // MinGW has two different printf implementations. Ensure the format macro
 // matches the selected implementation. See
@@ -972,6 +983,10 @@
 # define GTEST_API_
 #endif // GTEST_API_
 
+#ifndef GTEST_DEFAULT_DEATH_TEST_STYLE
+# define GTEST_DEFAULT_DEATH_TEST_STYLE  "fast"
+#endif  // GTEST_DEFAULT_DEATH_TEST_STYLE
+
 #ifdef __GNUC__
 // Ask the compiler to never inline a given function.
 # define GTEST_NO_INLINE_ __attribute__((noinline))
@@ -980,7 +995,7 @@
 #endif
 
 // _LIBCPP_VERSION is defined by the libc++ library from the LLVM project.
-#if defined(__GLIBCXX__) || defined(_LIBCPP_VERSION)
+#if defined(__GLIBCXX__) || (defined(_LIBCPP_VERSION) && !defined(_MSC_VER))
 # define GTEST_HAS_CXXABI_H_ 1
 #else
 # define GTEST_HAS_CXXABI_H_ 0
@@ -1126,6 +1141,16 @@
   enum { value = true };
 };
 
+// Same as std::is_same<>.
+template <typename T, typename U>
+struct IsSame {
+  enum { value = false };
+};
+template <typename T>
+struct IsSame<T, T> {
+  enum { value = true };
+};
+
 // Evaluates to the number of elements in 'array'.
 #define GTEST_ARRAY_SIZE_(array) (sizeof(array) / sizeof(array[0]))
 
@@ -1189,6 +1214,10 @@
 
 // Defines RE.
 
+#if GTEST_USES_PCRE
+using ::RE;
+#elif GTEST_USES_POSIX_RE || GTEST_USES_SIMPLE_RE
+
 // A simple C++ wrapper for <regex.h>.  It uses the POSIX Extended
 // Regular Expression syntax.
 class GTEST_API_ RE {
@@ -1200,11 +1229,11 @@
   // Constructs an RE from a string.
   RE(const ::std::string& regex) { Init(regex.c_str()); }  // NOLINT
 
-#if GTEST_HAS_GLOBAL_STRING
+# if GTEST_HAS_GLOBAL_STRING
 
   RE(const ::string& regex) { Init(regex.c_str()); }  // NOLINT
 
-#endif  // GTEST_HAS_GLOBAL_STRING
+# endif  // GTEST_HAS_GLOBAL_STRING
 
   RE(const char* regex) { Init(regex); }  // NOLINT
   ~RE();
@@ -1226,7 +1255,7 @@
     return PartialMatch(str.c_str(), re);
   }
 
-#if GTEST_HAS_GLOBAL_STRING
+# if GTEST_HAS_GLOBAL_STRING
 
   static bool FullMatch(const ::string& str, const RE& re) {
     return FullMatch(str.c_str(), re);
@@ -1235,7 +1264,7 @@
     return PartialMatch(str.c_str(), re);
   }
 
-#endif  // GTEST_HAS_GLOBAL_STRING
+# endif  // GTEST_HAS_GLOBAL_STRING
 
   static bool FullMatch(const char* str, const RE& re);
   static bool PartialMatch(const char* str, const RE& re);
@@ -1249,20 +1278,22 @@
   const char* pattern_;
   bool is_valid_;
 
-#if GTEST_USES_POSIX_RE
+# if GTEST_USES_POSIX_RE
 
   regex_t full_regex_;     // For FullMatch().
   regex_t partial_regex_;  // For PartialMatch().
 
-#else  // GTEST_USES_SIMPLE_RE
+# else  // GTEST_USES_SIMPLE_RE
 
   const char* full_pattern_;  // For FullMatch();
 
-#endif
+# endif
 
   GTEST_DISALLOW_ASSIGN_(RE);
 };
 
+#endif  // GTEST_USES_PCRE
+
 // Formats a source file path and a line number as they would appear
 // in an error message from the compiler used to compile this code.
 GTEST_API_ ::std::string FormatFileLocation(const char* file, int line);
@@ -1348,13 +1379,57 @@
     GTEST_LOG_(FATAL) << #posix_call << "failed with error " \
                       << gtest_error
 
+// Adds reference to a type if it is not a reference type,
+// otherwise leaves it unchanged.  This is the same as
+// tr1::add_reference, which is not widely available yet.
+template <typename T>
+struct AddReference { typedef T& type; };  // NOLINT
+template <typename T>
+struct AddReference<T&> { typedef T& type; };  // NOLINT
+
+// A handy wrapper around AddReference that works when the argument T
+// depends on template parameters.
+#define GTEST_ADD_REFERENCE_(T) \
+    typename ::testing::internal::AddReference<T>::type
+
+// Transforms "T" into "const T&" according to standard reference collapsing
+// rules (this is only needed as a backport for C++98 compilers that do not
+// support reference collapsing). Specifically, it transforms:
+//
+//   char         ==> const char&
+//   const char   ==> const char&
+//   char&        ==> char&
+//   const char&  ==> const char&
+//
+// Note that the non-const reference will not have "const" added. This is
+// standard, and necessary so that "T" can always bind to "const T&".
+template <typename T>
+struct ConstRef { typedef const T& type; };
+template <typename T>
+struct ConstRef<T&> { typedef T& type; };
+
+// The argument T must depend on some template parameters.
+#define GTEST_REFERENCE_TO_CONST_(T) \
+  typename ::testing::internal::ConstRef<T>::type
+
 #if GTEST_HAS_STD_MOVE_
+using std::forward;
 using std::move;
+
+template <typename T>
+struct RvalueRef {
+  typedef T&& type;
+};
 #else  // GTEST_HAS_STD_MOVE_
 template <typename T>
 const T& move(const T& t) {
   return t;
 }
+
+template <typename T>
+struct RvalueRef {
+  typedef const T& type;
+};
 #endif  // GTEST_HAS_STD_MOVE_
 
 // INTERNAL IMPLEMENTATION - DO NOT USE IN USER CODE.
@@ -1455,7 +1530,6 @@
 GTEST_API_ std::string GetCapturedStderr();
 
 #endif  // GTEST_HAS_STREAM_REDIRECTION
-
 // Returns the size (in bytes) of a file.
 GTEST_API_ size_t GetFileSize(FILE* file);
 
diff --git a/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-string.h b/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-string.h
index 97f1a7f..04b9e7b 100644
--- a/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-string.h
+++ b/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-string.h
@@ -27,7 +27,6 @@
 // (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
 // OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 //
-// Authors: wan@google.com (Zhanyong Wan), eefacm@gmail.com (Sean Mcafee)
 //
 // The Google C++ Testing Framework (Google Test)
 //
@@ -35,7 +34,8 @@
 // Google Test.  They are subject to change without notice. They should not used
 // by code external to Google Test.
 //
-// This header file is #included by <gtest/internal/gtest-internal.h>.
+// This header file is #included by
+// gtest/internal/gtest-internal.h.
 // It should not be #included by other files.
 
 #ifndef GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_STRING_H_
diff --git a/googletest/samples/prime_tables.h b/googletest/samples/prime_tables.h
index 92ce16a..55a3b44 100644
--- a/googletest/samples/prime_tables.h
+++ b/googletest/samples/prime_tables.h
@@ -103,11 +103,15 @@
     ::std::fill(is_prime_, is_prime_ + is_prime_size_, true);
     is_prime_[0] = is_prime_[1] = false;
 
-    for (int i = 2; i <= max; i++) {
+    // Checks every candidate for prime number (we know that 2 is the only even
+    // prime).
+    for (int i = 2; i*i <= max; i += i%2+1) {
       if (!is_prime_[i]) continue;
 
       // Marks all multiples of i (except i itself) as non-prime.
-      for (int j = 2*i; j <= max; j += i) {
+      // We are starting here from i-th multiplier, because all smaller
+      // complex numbers were already marked.
+      for (int j = i*i; j <= max; j += i) {
         is_prime_[j] = false;
       }
     }
diff --git a/googletest/samples/sample4_unittest.cc b/googletest/samples/sample4_unittest.cc
index 948266e..7bf9ea3 100644
--- a/googletest/samples/sample4_unittest.cc
+++ b/googletest/samples/sample4_unittest.cc
@@ -29,10 +29,12 @@
 //
 // Author: wan@google.com (Zhanyong Wan)
 
-#include "gtest/gtest.h"
 #include "sample4.h"
+#include "gtest/gtest.h"
+
 namespace {
 // Tests the Increment() method.
+
 TEST(Counter, Increment) {
   Counter c;
 
@@ -43,4 +45,5 @@
   EXPECT_EQ(1, c.Increment());
   EXPECT_EQ(2, c.Increment());
 }
+
 }  // namespace
diff --git a/googletest/samples/sample5_unittest.cc b/googletest/samples/sample5_unittest.cc
index 3099930..401a58a 100644
--- a/googletest/samples/sample5_unittest.cc
+++ b/googletest/samples/sample5_unittest.cc
@@ -46,9 +46,9 @@
 
 #include <limits.h>
 #include <time.h>
-#include "sample3-inl.h"
 #include "gtest/gtest.h"
 #include "sample1.h"
+#include "sample3-inl.h"
 namespace {
 // In this sample, we want to ensure that every test finishes within
 // ~5 seconds.  If a test takes longer to run, we consider it a
diff --git a/googletest/src/gtest-death-test.cc b/googletest/src/gtest-death-test.cc
index fca1035..9ecab8f 100644
--- a/googletest/src/gtest-death-test.cc
+++ b/googletest/src/gtest-death-test.cc
@@ -66,22 +66,18 @@
 
 #include "gtest/gtest-message.h"
 #include "gtest/internal/gtest-string.h"
-
-// Indicates that this translation unit is part of Google Test's
-// implementation.  It must come before gtest-internal-inl.h is
-// included, or there will be a compiler error.  This trick exists to
-// prevent the accidental inclusion of gtest-internal-inl.h in the
-// user's code.
-#define GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_ 1
 #include "src/gtest-internal-inl.h"
-#undef GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_
 
 namespace testing {
 
 // Constants.
 
 // The default death test style.
-static const char kDefaultDeathTestStyle[] = "fast";
+//
+// This is defined in internal/gtest-port.h as "fast", but can be overridden by
+// a definition in internal/custom/gtest-port.h. The recommended value, which is
+// used internally at Google, is "threadsafe".
+static const char kDefaultDeathTestStyle[] = GTEST_DEFAULT_DEATH_TEST_STYLE;
 
 GTEST_DEFINE_string_(
     death_test_style,
@@ -259,7 +255,7 @@
 // message is propagated back to the parent process.  Otherwise, the
 // message is simply printed to stderr.  In either case, the program
 // then exits with status 1.
-void DeathTestAbort(const std::string& message) {
+static void DeathTestAbort(const std::string& message) {
   // On a POSIX system, this function may be called from a threadsafe-style
   // death test child process, which operates on a very small stack.  Use
   // the heap for any additional non-minuscule memory requirements.
@@ -563,7 +559,13 @@
       break;
     case DIED:
       if (status_ok) {
+# if GTEST_USES_PCRE
+        // PCRE regexes support embedded NULs.
+        // GTEST_USES_PCRE is defined only in google3 mode
+        const bool matched = RE::PartialMatch(error_message, *regex());
+# else
         const bool matched = RE::PartialMatch(error_message.c_str(), *regex());
+# endif  // GTEST_USES_PCRE
         if (matched) {
           success = true;
         } else {
@@ -985,6 +987,7 @@
 }
 #  endif  // !GTEST_OS_QNX
 
+#  if GTEST_HAS_CLONE
 // Two utility routines that together determine the direction the stack
 // grows.
 // This could be accomplished more elegantly by a single recursive
@@ -994,20 +997,22 @@
 // GTEST_NO_INLINE_ is required to prevent GCC 4.6 from inlining
 // StackLowerThanAddress into StackGrowsDown, which then doesn't give
 // correct answer.
-void StackLowerThanAddress(const void* ptr, bool* result) GTEST_NO_INLINE_;
-void StackLowerThanAddress(const void* ptr, bool* result) {
+static void StackLowerThanAddress(const void* ptr,
+                                  bool* result) GTEST_NO_INLINE_;
+static void StackLowerThanAddress(const void* ptr, bool* result) {
   int dummy;
   *result = (&dummy < ptr);
 }
 
 // Make sure AddressSanitizer does not tamper with the stack here.
 GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_NO_SANITIZE_ADDRESS_
-bool StackGrowsDown() {
+static bool StackGrowsDown() {
   int dummy;
   bool result;
   StackLowerThanAddress(&dummy, &result);
   return result;
 }
+#  endif  // GTEST_HAS_CLONE
 
 // Spawns a child process with the same executable as the current process in
 // a thread-safe manner and instructs it to run the death test.  The
@@ -1223,7 +1228,7 @@
 // Recreates the pipe and event handles from the provided parameters,
 // signals the event, and returns a file descriptor wrapped around the pipe
 // handle. This function is called in the child process only.
-int GetStatusFileDescriptor(unsigned int parent_process_id,
+static int GetStatusFileDescriptor(unsigned int parent_process_id,
                             size_t write_handle_as_size_t,
                             size_t event_handle_as_size_t) {
   AutoHandle parent_process_handle(::OpenProcess(PROCESS_DUP_HANDLE,
diff --git a/googletest/src/gtest-filepath.cc b/googletest/src/gtest-filepath.cc
index 0292dc1..6b76ea0 100644
--- a/googletest/src/gtest-filepath.cc
+++ b/googletest/src/gtest-filepath.cc
@@ -26,14 +26,12 @@
 // THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
 // (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
 // OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
-//
-// Authors: keith.ray@gmail.com (Keith Ray)
 
-#include "gtest/gtest-message.h"
 #include "gtest/internal/gtest-filepath.h"
-#include "gtest/internal/gtest-port.h"
 
 #include <stdlib.h>
+#include "gtest/internal/gtest-port.h"
+#include "gtest/gtest-message.h"
 
 #if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE
 # include <windows.h>
@@ -48,6 +46,8 @@
 # include <climits>  // Some Linux distributions define PATH_MAX here.
 #endif  // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE
 
+#include "gtest/internal/gtest-string.h"
+
 #if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
 # define GTEST_PATH_MAX_ _MAX_PATH
 #elif defined(PATH_MAX)
@@ -58,8 +58,6 @@
 # define GTEST_PATH_MAX_ _POSIX_PATH_MAX
 #endif  // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
 
-#include "gtest/internal/gtest-string.h"
-
 namespace testing {
 namespace internal {
 
@@ -130,7 +128,7 @@
   return *this;
 }
 
-// Returns a pointer to the last occurence of a valid path separator in
+// Returns a pointer to the last occurrence of a valid path separator in
 // the FilePath. On Windows, for example, both '/' and '\' are valid path
 // separators. Returns NULL if no path separator was found.
 const char* FilePath::FindLastPathSeparator() const {
diff --git a/googletest/src/gtest-internal-inl.h b/googletest/src/gtest-internal-inl.h
index 1437293..e77c8b6 100644
--- a/googletest/src/gtest-internal-inl.h
+++ b/googletest/src/gtest-internal-inl.h
@@ -37,14 +37,6 @@
 #ifndef GTEST_SRC_GTEST_INTERNAL_INL_H_
 #define GTEST_SRC_GTEST_INTERNAL_INL_H_
 
-// GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_ is defined to 1 iff the current translation unit is
-// part of Google Test's implementation; otherwise it's undefined.
-#if !GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_
-// If this file is included from the user's code, just say no.
-# error "gtest-internal-inl.h is part of Google Test's internal implementation."
-# error "It must not be included except by Google Test itself."
-#endif  // GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_
-
 #ifndef _WIN32_WCE
 # include <errno.h>
 #endif  // !_WIN32_WCE
@@ -67,7 +59,7 @@
 # include <windows.h>  // NOLINT
 #endif  // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
 
-#include "gtest/gtest.h"  // NOLINT
+#include "gtest/gtest.h"
 #include "gtest/gtest-spi.h"
 
 namespace testing {
@@ -94,6 +86,7 @@
 const char kListTestsFlag[] = "list_tests";
 const char kOutputFlag[] = "output";
 const char kPrintTimeFlag[] = "print_time";
+const char kPrintUTF8Flag[] = "print_utf8";
 const char kRandomSeedFlag[] = "random_seed";
 const char kRepeatFlag[] = "repeat";
 const char kShuffleFlag[] = "shuffle";
@@ -174,6 +167,7 @@
     list_tests_ = GTEST_FLAG(list_tests);
     output_ = GTEST_FLAG(output);
     print_time_ = GTEST_FLAG(print_time);
+    print_utf8_ = GTEST_FLAG(print_utf8);
     random_seed_ = GTEST_FLAG(random_seed);
     repeat_ = GTEST_FLAG(repeat);
     shuffle_ = GTEST_FLAG(shuffle);
@@ -195,6 +189,7 @@
     GTEST_FLAG(list_tests) = list_tests_;
     GTEST_FLAG(output) = output_;
     GTEST_FLAG(print_time) = print_time_;
+    GTEST_FLAG(print_utf8) = print_utf8_;
     GTEST_FLAG(random_seed) = random_seed_;
     GTEST_FLAG(repeat) = repeat_;
     GTEST_FLAG(shuffle) = shuffle_;
@@ -216,6 +211,7 @@
   bool list_tests_;
   std::string output_;
   bool print_time_;
+  bool print_utf8_;
   internal::Int32 random_seed_;
   internal::Int32 repeat_;
   bool shuffle_;
@@ -1028,7 +1024,7 @@
 #if GTEST_CAN_STREAM_RESULTS_
 
 // Streams test results to the given port on the given host machine.
-class GTEST_API_ StreamingListener : public EmptyTestEventListener {
+class StreamingListener : public EmptyTestEventListener {
  public:
   // Abstract base class for writing strings to a socket.
   class AbstractSocketWriter {
diff --git a/googletest/src/gtest-port.cc b/googletest/src/gtest-port.cc
index 5a6eb87..af0d120 100644
--- a/googletest/src/gtest-port.cc
+++ b/googletest/src/gtest-port.cc
@@ -67,15 +67,7 @@
 #include "gtest/gtest-message.h"
 #include "gtest/internal/gtest-internal.h"
 #include "gtest/internal/gtest-string.h"
-
-// Indicates that this translation unit is part of Google Test's
-// implementation.  It must come before gtest-internal-inl.h is
-// included, or there will be a compiler error.  This trick exists to
-// prevent the accidental inclusion of gtest-internal-inl.h in the
-// user's code.
-#define GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_ 1
 #include "src/gtest-internal-inl.h"
-#undef GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_
 
 namespace testing {
 namespace internal {
@@ -671,7 +663,7 @@
 }
 
 // Helper function used by ValidateRegex() to format error messages.
-std::string FormatRegexSyntaxError(const char* regex, int index) {
+static std::string FormatRegexSyntaxError(const char* regex, int index) {
   return (Message() << "Syntax error at index " << index
           << " in simple regular expression \"" << regex << "\": ").GetString();
 }
@@ -923,6 +915,7 @@
     posix::Abort();
   }
 }
+
 // Disable Microsoft deprecation warnings for POSIX functions called from
 // this class (creat, dup, dup2, and close)
 GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_PUSH_(4996)
@@ -1015,7 +1008,8 @@
 static CapturedStream* g_captured_stdout = NULL;
 
 // Starts capturing an output stream (stdout/stderr).
-void CaptureStream(int fd, const char* stream_name, CapturedStream** stream) {
+static void CaptureStream(int fd, const char* stream_name,
+                          CapturedStream** stream) {
   if (*stream != NULL) {
     GTEST_LOG_(FATAL) << "Only one " << stream_name
                       << " capturer can exist at a time.";
@@ -1024,7 +1018,7 @@
 }
 
 // Stops capturing the output stream and returns the captured string.
-std::string GetCapturedStream(CapturedStream** captured_stream) {
+static std::string GetCapturedStream(CapturedStream** captured_stream) {
   const std::string content = (*captured_stream)->GetCapturedString();
 
   delete *captured_stream;
@@ -1055,6 +1049,10 @@
 
 #endif  // GTEST_HAS_STREAM_REDIRECTION
 
+
+
+
+
 size_t GetFileSize(FILE* file) {
   fseek(file, 0, SEEK_END);
   return static_cast<size_t>(ftell(file));
diff --git a/googletest/src/gtest-printers.cc b/googletest/src/gtest-printers.cc
index dd67f64..d55a5e9 100644
--- a/googletest/src/gtest-printers.cc
+++ b/googletest/src/gtest-printers.cc
@@ -43,12 +43,13 @@
 // defines Foo.
 
 #include "gtest/gtest-printers.h"
-#include <ctype.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
+#include <cctype>
 #include <cwchar>
 #include <ostream>  // NOLINT
 #include <string>
 #include "gtest/internal/gtest-port.h"
+#include "src/gtest-internal-inl.h"
 
 namespace testing {
 
@@ -123,7 +124,7 @@
 // Depending on the value of a char (or wchar_t), we print it in one
 // of three formats:
 //   - as is if it's a printable ASCII (e.g. 'a', '2', ' '),
-//   - as a hexidecimal escape sequence (e.g. '\x7F'), or
+//   - as a hexadecimal escape sequence (e.g. '\x7F'), or
 //   - as a special escape sequence (e.g. '\r', '\n').
 enum CharFormat {
   kAsIs,
@@ -230,7 +231,7 @@
     return;
   *os << " (" << static_cast<int>(c);
 
-  // For more convenience, we print c's code again in hexidecimal,
+  // For more convenience, we print c's code again in hexadecimal,
   // unless c was already printed in the form '\x##' or the code is in
   // [1, 9].
   if (format == kHexEscape || (1 <= c && c <= 9)) {
@@ -262,11 +263,12 @@
 GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_NO_SANITIZE_MEMORY_
 GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_NO_SANITIZE_ADDRESS_
 GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_NO_SANITIZE_THREAD_
-static void PrintCharsAsStringTo(
+static CharFormat PrintCharsAsStringTo(
     const CharType* begin, size_t len, ostream* os) {
   const char* const kQuoteBegin = sizeof(CharType) == 1 ? "\"" : "L\"";
   *os << kQuoteBegin;
   bool is_previous_hex = false;
+  CharFormat print_format = kAsIs;
   for (size_t index = 0; index < len; ++index) {
     const CharType cur = begin[index];
     if (is_previous_hex && IsXDigit(cur)) {
@@ -276,8 +278,13 @@
       *os << "\" " << kQuoteBegin;
     }
     is_previous_hex = PrintAsStringLiteralTo(cur, os) == kHexEscape;
+    // Remember if any characters required hex escaping.
+    if (is_previous_hex) {
+      print_format = kHexEscape;
+    }
   }
   *os << "\"";
+  return print_format;
 }
 
 // Prints a (const) char/wchar_t array of 'len' elements, starting at address
@@ -347,15 +354,90 @@
 }
 #endif  // wchar_t is native
 
+namespace {
+
+bool ContainsUnprintableControlCodes(const char* str, size_t length) {
+  const unsigned char *s = reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char *>(str);
+
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < length; i++) {
+    unsigned char ch = *s++;
+    if (std::iscntrl(ch)) {
+        switch (ch) {
+        case '\t':
+        case '\n':
+        case '\r':
+          break;
+        default:
+          return true;
+        }
+      }
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
+bool IsUTF8TrailByte(unsigned char t) { return 0x80 <= t && t<= 0xbf; }
+
+bool IsValidUTF8(const char* str, size_t length) {
+  const unsigned char *s = reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char *>(str);
+
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < length;) {
+    unsigned char lead = s[i++];
+
+    if (lead <= 0x7f) {
+      continue;  // single-byte character (ASCII) 0..7F
+    }
+    if (lead < 0xc2) {
+      return false;  // trail byte or non-shortest form
+    } else if (lead <= 0xdf && (i + 1) <= length && IsUTF8TrailByte(s[i])) {
+      ++i;  // 2-byte character
+    } else if (0xe0 <= lead && lead <= 0xef && (i + 2) <= length &&
+               IsUTF8TrailByte(s[i]) &&
+               IsUTF8TrailByte(s[i + 1]) &&
+               // check for non-shortest form and surrogate
+               (lead != 0xe0 || s[i] >= 0xa0) &&
+               (lead != 0xed || s[i] < 0xa0)) {
+      i += 2;  // 3-byte character
+    } else if (0xf0 <= lead && lead <= 0xf4 && (i + 3) <= length &&
+               IsUTF8TrailByte(s[i]) &&
+               IsUTF8TrailByte(s[i + 1]) &&
+               IsUTF8TrailByte(s[i + 2]) &&
+               // check for non-shortest form
+               (lead != 0xf0 || s[i] >= 0x90) &&
+               (lead != 0xf4 || s[i] < 0x90)) {
+      i += 3;  // 4-byte character
+    } else {
+      return false;
+    }
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
+void ConditionalPrintAsText(const char* str, size_t length, ostream* os) {
+  if (!ContainsUnprintableControlCodes(str, length) &&
+      IsValidUTF8(str, length)) {
+    *os << "\n    As Text: \"" << str << "\"";
+  }
+}
+
+}  // anonymous namespace
+
 // Prints a ::string object.
 #if GTEST_HAS_GLOBAL_STRING
 void PrintStringTo(const ::string& s, ostream* os) {
-  PrintCharsAsStringTo(s.data(), s.size(), os);
+  if (PrintCharsAsStringTo(s.data(), s.size(), os) == kHexEscape) {
+    if (GTEST_FLAG(print_utf8)) {
+      ConditionalPrintAsText(s.data(), s.size(), os);
+    }
+  }
 }
 #endif  // GTEST_HAS_GLOBAL_STRING
 
 void PrintStringTo(const ::std::string& s, ostream* os) {
-  PrintCharsAsStringTo(s.data(), s.size(), os);
+  if (PrintCharsAsStringTo(s.data(), s.size(), os) == kHexEscape) {
+    if (GTEST_FLAG(print_utf8)) {
+      ConditionalPrintAsText(s.data(), s.size(), os);
+    }
+  }
 }
 
 // Prints a ::wstring object.
diff --git a/googletest/src/gtest-test-part.cc b/googletest/src/gtest-test-part.cc
index fb0e354..c3926c8 100644
--- a/googletest/src/gtest-test-part.cc
+++ b/googletest/src/gtest-test-part.cc
@@ -32,15 +32,7 @@
 // The Google C++ Testing Framework (Google Test)
 
 #include "gtest/gtest-test-part.h"
-
-// Indicates that this translation unit is part of Google Test's
-// implementation.  It must come before gtest-internal-inl.h is
-// included, or there will be a compiler error.  This trick exists to
-// prevent the accidental inclusion of gtest-internal-inl.h in the
-// user's code.
-#define GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_ 1
 #include "src/gtest-internal-inl.h"
-#undef GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_
 
 namespace testing {
 
diff --git a/googletest/src/gtest-typed-test.cc b/googletest/src/gtest-typed-test.cc
index df1eef4..b358243 100644
--- a/googletest/src/gtest-typed-test.cc
+++ b/googletest/src/gtest-typed-test.cc
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@
 // Author: wan@google.com (Zhanyong Wan)
 
 #include "gtest/gtest-typed-test.h"
+
 #include "gtest/gtest.h"
 
 namespace testing {
diff --git a/googletest/src/gtest.cc b/googletest/src/gtest.cc
index 1df89c4..248cfa5 100644
--- a/googletest/src/gtest.cc
+++ b/googletest/src/gtest.cc
@@ -133,14 +133,7 @@
 # include <sys/types.h>  // NOLINT
 #endif
 
-// Indicates that this translation unit is part of Google Test's
-// implementation.  It must come before gtest-internal-inl.h is
-// included, or there will be a compiler error.  This trick is to
-// prevent a user from accidentally including gtest-internal-inl.h in
-// their code.
-#define GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_ 1
 #include "src/gtest-internal-inl.h"
-#undef GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_
 
 #if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
 # define vsnprintf _vsnprintf
@@ -167,8 +160,10 @@
 // A test filter that matches everything.
 static const char kUniversalFilter[] = "*";
 
-// The default output file for XML output.
-static const char kDefaultOutputFile[] = "test_detail.xml";
+// The default output format.
+static const char kDefaultOutputFormat[] = "xml";
+// The default output file.
+static const char kDefaultOutputFile[] = "test_detail";
 
 // The environment variable name for the test shard index.
 static const char kTestShardIndex[] = "GTEST_SHARD_INDEX";
@@ -238,9 +233,9 @@
 GTEST_DEFINE_string_(
     output,
     internal::StringFromGTestEnv("output", ""),
-    "A format (currently must be \"xml\"), optionally followed "
-    "by a colon and an output file name or directory. A directory "
-    "is indicated by a trailing pathname separator. "
+    "A format (defaults to \"xml\" but can be specified to be \"json\"), "
+    "optionally followed by a colon and an output file name or directory. "
+    "A directory is indicated by a trailing pathname separator. "
     "Examples: \"xml:filename.xml\", \"xml::directoryname/\". "
     "If a directory is specified, output files will be created "
     "within that directory, with file-names based on the test "
@@ -253,6 +248,12 @@
     "True iff " GTEST_NAME_
     " should display elapsed time in text output.");
 
+GTEST_DEFINE_bool_(
+    print_utf8,
+    internal::BoolFromGTestEnv("print_utf8", true),
+    "True iff " GTEST_NAME_
+    " prints UTF8 characters as text.");
+
 GTEST_DEFINE_int32_(
     random_seed,
     internal::Int32FromGTestEnv("random_seed", 0),
@@ -294,7 +295,7 @@
     internal::BoolFromGTestEnv("throw_on_failure", false),
     "When this flag is specified, a failed assertion will throw an exception "
     "if exceptions are enabled or exit the program with a non-zero code "
-    "otherwise.");
+    "otherwise. For use with an external test framework.");
 
 #if GTEST_USE_OWN_FLAGFILE_FLAG_
 GTEST_DEFINE_string_(
@@ -429,12 +430,17 @@
   if (gtest_output_flag == NULL)
     return "";
 
+  std::string format = GetOutputFormat();
+  if (format.empty())
+    format = std::string(kDefaultOutputFormat);
+
   const char* const colon = strchr(gtest_output_flag, ':');
   if (colon == NULL)
-    return internal::FilePath::ConcatPaths(
+    return internal::FilePath::MakeFileName(
         internal::FilePath(
             UnitTest::GetInstance()->original_working_dir()),
-        internal::FilePath(kDefaultOutputFile)).string();
+        internal::FilePath(kDefaultOutputFile), 0,
+        format.c_str()).string();
 
   internal::FilePath output_name(colon + 1);
   if (!output_name.IsAbsolutePath())
@@ -629,12 +635,12 @@
 // This predicate-formatter checks that 'results' contains a test part
 // failure of the given type and that the failure message contains the
 // given substring.
-AssertionResult HasOneFailure(const char* /* results_expr */,
-                              const char* /* type_expr */,
-                              const char* /* substr_expr */,
-                              const TestPartResultArray& results,
-                              TestPartResult::Type type,
-                              const std::string& substr) {
+static AssertionResult HasOneFailure(const char* /* results_expr */,
+                                     const char* /* type_expr */,
+                                     const char* /* substr_expr */,
+                                     const TestPartResultArray& results,
+                                     TestPartResult::Type type,
+                                     const std::string& substr) {
   const std::string expected(type == TestPartResult::kFatalFailure ?
                         "1 fatal failure" :
                         "1 non-fatal failure");
@@ -1662,7 +1668,7 @@
 AssertionResult HRESULTFailureHelper(const char* expr,
                                      const char* expected,
                                      long hr) {  // NOLINT
-# if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE
+# if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE || GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_TV_TITLE
 
   // Windows CE doesn't support FormatMessage.
   const char error_text[] = "";
@@ -1719,7 +1725,7 @@
 // Utility functions for encoding Unicode text (wide strings) in
 // UTF-8.
 
-// A Unicode code-point can have upto 21 bits, and is encoded in UTF-8
+// A Unicode code-point can have up to 21 bits, and is encoded in UTF-8
 // like this:
 //
 // Code-point length   Encoding
@@ -2137,8 +2143,9 @@
   return word_list.GetString();
 }
 
-bool ValidateTestPropertyName(const std::string& property_name,
-                              const std::vector<std::string>& reserved_names) {
+static bool ValidateTestPropertyName(
+    const std::string& property_name,
+    const std::vector<std::string>& reserved_names) {
   if (std::find(reserved_names.begin(), reserved_names.end(), property_name) !=
           reserved_names.end()) {
     ADD_FAILURE() << "Reserved key used in RecordProperty(): " << property_name
@@ -2435,6 +2442,8 @@
 #if GTEST_HAS_EXCEPTIONS
     try {
       return HandleSehExceptionsInMethodIfSupported(object, method, location);
+    } catch (const AssertionException&) {  // NOLINT
+      // This failure was reported already.
     } catch (const internal::GoogleTestFailureException&) {  // NOLINT
       // This exception type can only be thrown by a failed Google
       // Test assertion with the intention of letting another testing
@@ -2569,12 +2578,10 @@
       << "probably rename one of the classes to put the tests into different\n"
       << "test cases.";
 
-  GTEST_LOG_(ERROR) 
-       << FormatFileLocation(code_location.file.c_str(),
-                             code_location.line)
-       << " " << errors.GetString();
+  GTEST_LOG_(ERROR) << FormatFileLocation(code_location.file.c_str(),
+                                          code_location.line)
+                    << " " << errors.GetString();
 }
-
 }  // namespace internal
 
 namespace {
@@ -2883,7 +2890,7 @@
     !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_PHONE && !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_RT && !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MINGW
 
 // Returns the character attribute for the given color.
-WORD GetColorAttribute(GTestColor color) {
+static WORD GetColorAttribute(GTestColor color) {
   switch (color) {
     case COLOR_RED:    return FOREGROUND_RED;
     case COLOR_GREEN:  return FOREGROUND_GREEN;
@@ -2892,18 +2899,18 @@
   }
 }
 
-int GetBitOffset(WORD color_mask) {
+static int GetBitOffset(WORD color_mask) {
   if (color_mask == 0) return 0;
 
   int bitOffset = 0;
-  while((color_mask & 1) == 0) {
+  while ((color_mask & 1) == 0) {
     color_mask >>= 1;
     ++bitOffset;
   }
   return bitOffset;
 }
 
-WORD GetNewColor(GTestColor color, WORD old_color_attrs) {
+static WORD GetNewColor(GTestColor color, WORD old_color_attrs) {
   // Let's reuse the BG
   static const WORD background_mask = BACKGROUND_BLUE | BACKGROUND_GREEN | BACKGROUND_RED | BACKGROUND_INTENSITY;
   static const WORD foreground_mask = FOREGROUND_BLUE | FOREGROUND_GREEN | FOREGROUND_RED | FOREGROUND_INTENSITY;
@@ -2918,12 +2925,12 @@
   }
   return new_color;
 }
-	
+
 #else
 
 // Returns the ANSI color code for the given color.  COLOR_DEFAULT is
 // an invalid input.
-const char* GetAnsiColorCode(GTestColor color) {
+static const char* GetAnsiColorCode(GTestColor color) {
   switch (color) {
     case COLOR_RED:     return "1";
     case COLOR_GREEN:   return "2";
@@ -2976,7 +2983,7 @@
 // This routine must actually emit the characters rather than return a string
 // that would be colored when printed, as can be done on Linux.
 GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_PRINTF_(2, 3)
-void ColoredPrintf(GTestColor color, const char* fmt, ...) {
+static void ColoredPrintf(GTestColor color, const char* fmt, ...) {
   va_list args;
   va_start(args, fmt);
 
@@ -3005,7 +3012,7 @@
   GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(stdout_handle, &buffer_info);
   const WORD old_color_attrs = buffer_info.wAttributes;
   const WORD new_color = GetNewColor(color, old_color_attrs);
-  
+
   // We need to flush the stream buffers into the console before each
   // SetConsoleTextAttribute call lest it affect the text that is already
   // printed but has not yet reached the console.
@@ -3030,7 +3037,7 @@
 static const char kTypeParamLabel[] = "TypeParam";
 static const char kValueParamLabel[] = "GetParam()";
 
-void PrintFullTestCommentIfPresent(const TestInfo& test_info) {
+static void PrintFullTestCommentIfPresent(const TestInfo& test_info) {
   const char* const type_param = test_info.type_param();
   const char* const value_param = test_info.value_param();
 
@@ -3104,7 +3111,6 @@
                   "Note: Randomizing tests' orders with a seed of %d .\n",
                   unit_test.random_seed());
   }
-
   ColoredPrintf(COLOR_GREEN,  "[==========] ");
   printf("Running %s from %s.\n",
          FormatTestCount(unit_test.test_to_run_count()).c_str(),
@@ -3471,8 +3477,8 @@
     //   3. To interpret the meaning of errno in a thread-safe way,
     //      we need the strerror_r() function, which is not available on
     //      Windows.
-    GTEST_LOG_(FATAL) << "Unable to open file \"" 
-                      << output_file_ << "\"";
+
+    GTEST_LOG_(FATAL) << "Unable to open file \"" << output_file_ << "\"";
   }
   std::stringstream stream;
   PrintXmlUnitTest(&stream, unit_test);
@@ -3771,6 +3777,352 @@
 
 // End XmlUnitTestResultPrinter
 
+
+// This class generates an JSON output file.
+class JsonUnitTestResultPrinter : public EmptyTestEventListener {
+ public:
+  explicit JsonUnitTestResultPrinter(const char* output_file);
+
+  virtual void OnTestIterationEnd(const UnitTest& unit_test, int iteration);
+
+ private:
+  // Returns an JSON-escaped copy of the input string str.
+  static std::string EscapeJson(const std::string& str);
+
+  //// Verifies that the given attribute belongs to the given element and
+  //// streams the attribute as JSON.
+  static void OutputJsonKey(std::ostream* stream,
+                            const std::string& element_name,
+                            const std::string& name,
+                            const std::string& value,
+                            const std::string& indent,
+                            bool comma = true);
+  static void OutputJsonKey(std::ostream* stream,
+                            const std::string& element_name,
+                            const std::string& name,
+                            int value,
+                            const std::string& indent,
+                            bool comma = true);
+
+  // Streams a JSON representation of a TestInfo object.
+  static void OutputJsonTestInfo(::std::ostream* stream,
+                                 const char* test_case_name,
+                                 const TestInfo& test_info);
+
+  // Prints a JSON representation of a TestCase object
+  static void PrintJsonTestCase(::std::ostream* stream,
+                                const TestCase& test_case);
+
+  // Prints a JSON summary of unit_test to output stream out.
+  static void PrintJsonUnitTest(::std::ostream* stream,
+                                const UnitTest& unit_test);
+
+  // Produces a string representing the test properties in a result as
+  // a JSON dictionary.
+  static std::string TestPropertiesAsJson(const TestResult& result,
+                                          const std::string& indent);
+
+  // The output file.
+  const std::string output_file_;
+
+  GTEST_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN_(JsonUnitTestResultPrinter);
+};
+
+// Creates a new JsonUnitTestResultPrinter.
+JsonUnitTestResultPrinter::JsonUnitTestResultPrinter(const char* output_file)
+    : output_file_(output_file) {
+  if (output_file_.empty()) {
+    GTEST_LOG_(FATAL) << "JSON output file may not be null";
+  }
+}
+
+void JsonUnitTestResultPrinter::OnTestIterationEnd(const UnitTest& unit_test,
+                                                  int /*iteration*/) {
+  FILE* jsonout = NULL;
+  FilePath output_file(output_file_);
+  FilePath output_dir(output_file.RemoveFileName());
+
+  if (output_dir.CreateDirectoriesRecursively()) {
+    jsonout = posix::FOpen(output_file_.c_str(), "w");
+  }
+  if (jsonout == NULL) {
+    // TODO(phosek): report the reason of the failure.
+    //
+    // We don't do it for now as:
+    //
+    //   1. There is no urgent need for it.
+    //   2. It's a bit involved to make the errno variable thread-safe on
+    //      all three operating systems (Linux, Windows, and Mac OS).
+    //   3. To interpret the meaning of errno in a thread-safe way,
+    //      we need the strerror_r() function, which is not available on
+    //      Windows.
+    GTEST_LOG_(FATAL) << "Unable to open file \""
+                      << output_file_ << "\"";
+  }
+  std::stringstream stream;
+  PrintJsonUnitTest(&stream, unit_test);
+  fprintf(jsonout, "%s", StringStreamToString(&stream).c_str());
+  fclose(jsonout);
+}
+
+// Returns an JSON-escaped copy of the input string str.
+std::string JsonUnitTestResultPrinter::EscapeJson(const std::string& str) {
+  Message m;
+
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < str.size(); ++i) {
+    const char ch = str[i];
+    switch (ch) {
+      case '\\':
+      case '"':
+      case '/':
+        m << '\\' << ch;
+        break;
+      case '\b':
+        m << "\\b";
+        break;
+      case '\t':
+        m << "\\t";
+        break;
+      case '\n':
+        m << "\\n";
+        break;
+      case '\f':
+        m << "\\f";
+        break;
+      case '\r':
+        m << "\\r";
+        break;
+      default:
+        if (ch < ' ') {
+          m << "\\u00" << String::FormatByte(static_cast<unsigned char>(ch));
+        } else {
+          m << ch;
+        }
+        break;
+    }
+  }
+
+  return m.GetString();
+}
+
+// The following routines generate an JSON representation of a UnitTest
+// object.
+
+// Formats the given time in milliseconds as seconds.
+static std::string FormatTimeInMillisAsDuration(TimeInMillis ms) {
+  ::std::stringstream ss;
+  ss << (static_cast<double>(ms) * 1e-3) << "s";
+  return ss.str();
+}
+
+// Converts the given epoch time in milliseconds to a date string in the
+// RFC3339 format, without the timezone information.
+static std::string FormatEpochTimeInMillisAsRFC3339(TimeInMillis ms) {
+  struct tm time_struct;
+  if (!PortableLocaltime(static_cast<time_t>(ms / 1000), &time_struct))
+    return "";
+  // YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ss
+  return StreamableToString(time_struct.tm_year + 1900) + "-" +
+      String::FormatIntWidth2(time_struct.tm_mon + 1) + "-" +
+      String::FormatIntWidth2(time_struct.tm_mday) + "T" +
+      String::FormatIntWidth2(time_struct.tm_hour) + ":" +
+      String::FormatIntWidth2(time_struct.tm_min) + ":" +
+      String::FormatIntWidth2(time_struct.tm_sec) + "Z";
+}
+
+static inline std::string Indent(int width) {
+  return std::string(width, ' ');
+}
+
+void JsonUnitTestResultPrinter::OutputJsonKey(
+    std::ostream* stream,
+    const std::string& element_name,
+    const std::string& name,
+    const std::string& value,
+    const std::string& indent,
+    bool comma) {
+  const std::vector<std::string>& allowed_names =
+      GetReservedAttributesForElement(element_name);
+
+  GTEST_CHECK_(std::find(allowed_names.begin(), allowed_names.end(), name) !=
+                   allowed_names.end())
+      << "Key \"" << name << "\" is not allowed for value \"" << element_name
+      << "\".";
+
+  *stream << indent << "\"" << name << "\": \"" << EscapeJson(value) << "\"";
+  if (comma)
+    *stream << ",\n";
+}
+
+void JsonUnitTestResultPrinter::OutputJsonKey(
+    std::ostream* stream,
+    const std::string& element_name,
+    const std::string& name,
+    int value,
+    const std::string& indent,
+    bool comma) {
+  const std::vector<std::string>& allowed_names =
+      GetReservedAttributesForElement(element_name);
+
+  GTEST_CHECK_(std::find(allowed_names.begin(), allowed_names.end(), name) !=
+                   allowed_names.end())
+      << "Key \"" << name << "\" is not allowed for value \"" << element_name
+      << "\".";
+
+  *stream << indent << "\"" << name << "\": " << StreamableToString(value);
+  if (comma)
+    *stream << ",\n";
+}
+
+// Prints a JSON representation of a TestInfo object.
+void JsonUnitTestResultPrinter::OutputJsonTestInfo(::std::ostream* stream,
+                                                   const char* test_case_name,
+                                                   const TestInfo& test_info) {
+  const TestResult& result = *test_info.result();
+  const std::string kTestcase = "testcase";
+  const std::string kIndent = Indent(10);
+
+  *stream << Indent(8) << "{\n";
+  OutputJsonKey(stream, kTestcase, "name", test_info.name(), kIndent);
+
+  if (test_info.value_param() != NULL) {
+    OutputJsonKey(stream, kTestcase, "value_param",
+                  test_info.value_param(), kIndent);
+  }
+  if (test_info.type_param() != NULL) {
+    OutputJsonKey(stream, kTestcase, "type_param", test_info.type_param(),
+                  kIndent);
+  }
+
+  OutputJsonKey(stream, kTestcase, "status",
+                test_info.should_run() ? "RUN" : "NOTRUN", kIndent);
+  OutputJsonKey(stream, kTestcase, "time",
+                FormatTimeInMillisAsDuration(result.elapsed_time()), kIndent);
+  OutputJsonKey(stream, kTestcase, "classname", test_case_name, kIndent, false);
+  *stream << TestPropertiesAsJson(result, kIndent);
+
+  int failures = 0;
+  for (int i = 0; i < result.total_part_count(); ++i) {
+    const TestPartResult& part = result.GetTestPartResult(i);
+    if (part.failed()) {
+      *stream << ",\n";
+      if (++failures == 1) {
+        *stream << kIndent << "\"" << "failures" << "\": [\n";
+      }
+      const std::string location =
+          internal::FormatCompilerIndependentFileLocation(part.file_name(),
+                                                          part.line_number());
+      const std::string message = EscapeJson(location + "\n" + part.message());
+      *stream << kIndent << "  {\n"
+              << kIndent << "    \"failure\": \"" << message << "\",\n"
+              << kIndent << "    \"type\": \"\"\n"
+              << kIndent << "  }";
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (failures > 0)
+    *stream << "\n" << kIndent << "]";
+  *stream << "\n" << Indent(8) << "}";
+}
+
+// Prints an JSON representation of a TestCase object
+void JsonUnitTestResultPrinter::PrintJsonTestCase(std::ostream* stream,
+                                                  const TestCase& test_case) {
+  const std::string kTestsuite = "testsuite";
+  const std::string kIndent = Indent(6);
+
+  *stream << Indent(4) << "{\n";
+  OutputJsonKey(stream, kTestsuite, "name", test_case.name(), kIndent);
+  OutputJsonKey(stream, kTestsuite, "tests", test_case.reportable_test_count(),
+                kIndent);
+  OutputJsonKey(stream, kTestsuite, "failures", test_case.failed_test_count(),
+                kIndent);
+  OutputJsonKey(stream, kTestsuite, "disabled",
+                test_case.reportable_disabled_test_count(), kIndent);
+  OutputJsonKey(stream, kTestsuite, "errors", 0, kIndent);
+  OutputJsonKey(stream, kTestsuite, "time",
+                FormatTimeInMillisAsDuration(test_case.elapsed_time()), kIndent,
+                false);
+  *stream << TestPropertiesAsJson(test_case.ad_hoc_test_result(), kIndent)
+          << ",\n";
+
+  *stream << kIndent << "\"" << kTestsuite << "\": [\n";
+
+  bool comma = false;
+  for (int i = 0; i < test_case.total_test_count(); ++i) {
+    if (test_case.GetTestInfo(i)->is_reportable()) {
+      if (comma) {
+        *stream << ",\n";
+      } else {
+        comma = true;
+      }
+      OutputJsonTestInfo(stream, test_case.name(), *test_case.GetTestInfo(i));
+    }
+  }
+  *stream << "\n" << kIndent << "]\n" << Indent(4) << "}";
+}
+
+// Prints a JSON summary of unit_test to output stream out.
+void JsonUnitTestResultPrinter::PrintJsonUnitTest(std::ostream* stream,
+                                                  const UnitTest& unit_test) {
+  const std::string kTestsuites = "testsuites";
+  const std::string kIndent = Indent(2);
+  *stream << "{\n";
+
+  OutputJsonKey(stream, kTestsuites, "tests", unit_test.reportable_test_count(),
+                kIndent);
+  OutputJsonKey(stream, kTestsuites, "failures", unit_test.failed_test_count(),
+                kIndent);
+  OutputJsonKey(stream, kTestsuites, "disabled",
+                unit_test.reportable_disabled_test_count(), kIndent);
+  OutputJsonKey(stream, kTestsuites, "errors", 0, kIndent);
+  if (GTEST_FLAG(shuffle)) {
+    OutputJsonKey(stream, kTestsuites, "random_seed", unit_test.random_seed(),
+                  kIndent);
+  }
+  OutputJsonKey(stream, kTestsuites, "timestamp",
+                FormatEpochTimeInMillisAsRFC3339(unit_test.start_timestamp()),
+                kIndent);
+  OutputJsonKey(stream, kTestsuites, "time",
+                FormatTimeInMillisAsDuration(unit_test.elapsed_time()), kIndent,
+                false);
+
+  *stream << TestPropertiesAsJson(unit_test.ad_hoc_test_result(), kIndent)
+          << ",\n";
+
+  OutputJsonKey(stream, kTestsuites, "name", "AllTests", kIndent);
+  *stream << kIndent << "\"" << kTestsuites << "\": [\n";
+
+  bool comma = false;
+  for (int i = 0; i < unit_test.total_test_case_count(); ++i) {
+    if (unit_test.GetTestCase(i)->reportable_test_count() > 0) {
+      if (comma) {
+        *stream << ",\n";
+      } else {
+        comma = true;
+      }
+      PrintJsonTestCase(stream, *unit_test.GetTestCase(i));
+    }
+  }
+
+  *stream << "\n" << kIndent << "]\n" << "}\n";
+}
+
+// Produces a string representing the test properties in a result as
+// a JSON dictionary.
+std::string JsonUnitTestResultPrinter::TestPropertiesAsJson(
+    const TestResult& result, const std::string& indent) {
+  Message attributes;
+  for (int i = 0; i < result.test_property_count(); ++i) {
+    const TestProperty& property = result.GetTestProperty(i);
+    attributes << ",\n" << indent << "\"" << property.key() << "\": "
+               << "\"" << EscapeJson(property.value()) << "\"";
+  }
+  return attributes.GetString();
+}
+
+// End JsonUnitTestResultPrinter
+
 #if GTEST_CAN_STREAM_RESULTS_
 
 // Checks if str contains '=', '&', '%' or '\n' characters. If yes,
@@ -3841,27 +4193,6 @@
 // End of class Streaming Listener
 #endif  // GTEST_CAN_STREAM_RESULTS__
 
-// Class ScopedTrace
-
-// Pushes the given source file location and message onto a per-thread
-// trace stack maintained by Google Test.
-ScopedTrace::ScopedTrace(const char* file, int line, const Message& message)
-    GTEST_LOCK_EXCLUDED_(&UnitTest::mutex_) {
-  TraceInfo trace;
-  trace.file = file;
-  trace.line = line;
-  trace.message = message.GetString();
-
-  UnitTest::GetInstance()->PushGTestTrace(trace);
-}
-
-// Pops the info pushed by the c'tor.
-ScopedTrace::~ScopedTrace()
-    GTEST_LOCK_EXCLUDED_(&UnitTest::mutex_) {
-  UnitTest::GetInstance()->PopGTestTrace();
-}
-
-
 // class OsStackTraceGetter
 
 const char* const OsStackTraceGetterInterface::kElidedFramesMarker =
@@ -4418,10 +4749,12 @@
   if (output_format == "xml") {
     listeners()->SetDefaultXmlGenerator(new XmlUnitTestResultPrinter(
         UnitTestOptions::GetAbsolutePathToOutputFile().c_str()));
+  } else if (output_format == "json") {
+    listeners()->SetDefaultXmlGenerator(new JsonUnitTestResultPrinter(
+        UnitTestOptions::GetAbsolutePathToOutputFile().c_str()));
   } else if (output_format != "") {
-    GTEST_LOG_(WARNING) << "WARNING: unrecognized output format \"" 
-                        << output_format 
-                        << "\" ignored.";
+    GTEST_LOG_(WARNING) << "WARNING: unrecognized output format \""
+                        << output_format << "\" ignored.";
   }
 }
 
@@ -4436,8 +4769,7 @@
       listeners()->Append(new StreamingListener(target.substr(0, pos),
                                                 target.substr(pos+1)));
     } else {
-      GTEST_LOG_(WARNING) << "unrecognized streaming target \"" 
-                          << target 
+      GTEST_LOG_(WARNING) << "unrecognized streaming target \"" << target
                           << "\" ignored.";
     }
   }
@@ -4567,7 +4899,7 @@
 bool UnitTestImpl::RunAllTests() {
   // Makes sure InitGoogleTest() was called.
   if (!GTestIsInitialized()) {
-    GTEST_LOG_(ERROR) << 
+    GTEST_LOG_(ERROR) <<
       "\nThis test program did NOT call ::testing::InitGoogleTest "
       "before calling RUN_ALL_TESTS().  Please fix it.";
     return false;
@@ -4840,10 +5172,11 @@
           (GTEST_FLAG(also_run_disabled_tests) || !is_disabled) &&
           matches_filter;
 
-      const bool is_selected = is_runnable &&
-          (shard_tests == IGNORE_SHARDING_PROTOCOL ||
-           ShouldRunTestOnShard(total_shards, shard_index,
-                                num_runnable_tests));
+      const bool is_in_another_shard =
+          shard_tests != IGNORE_SHARDING_PROTOCOL &&
+          !ShouldRunTestOnShard(total_shards, shard_index, num_runnable_tests);
+      test_info->is_in_another_shard_ = is_in_another_shard;
+      const bool is_selected = is_runnable && !is_in_another_shard;
 
       num_runnable_tests += is_runnable;
       num_selected_tests += is_selected;
@@ -5028,9 +5361,9 @@
 // part can be omitted.
 //
 // Returns the value of the flag, or NULL if the parsing failed.
-const char* ParseFlagValue(const char* str,
-                           const char* flag,
-                           bool def_optional) {
+static const char* ParseFlagValue(const char* str,
+                                  const char* flag,
+                                  bool def_optional) {
   // str and flag must not be NULL.
   if (str == NULL || flag == NULL) return NULL;
 
@@ -5066,7 +5399,7 @@
 //
 // On success, stores the value of the flag in *value, and returns
 // true.  On failure, returns false without changing *value.
-bool ParseBoolFlag(const char* str, const char* flag, bool* value) {
+static bool ParseBoolFlag(const char* str, const char* flag, bool* value) {
   // Gets the value of the flag as a string.
   const char* const value_str = ParseFlagValue(str, flag, true);
 
@@ -5100,7 +5433,9 @@
 //
 // On success, stores the value of the flag in *value, and returns
 // true.  On failure, returns false without changing *value.
-bool ParseStringFlag(const char* str, const char* flag, std::string* value) {
+static bool ParseStringFlag(const char* str,
+                            const char* flag,
+                            std::string* value) {
   // Gets the value of the flag as a string.
   const char* const value_str = ParseFlagValue(str, flag, false);
 
@@ -5202,10 +5537,10 @@
 "      Enable/disable colored output. The default is @Gauto@D.\n"
 "  @G--" GTEST_FLAG_PREFIX_ "print_time=0@D\n"
 "      Don't print the elapsed time of each test.\n"
-"  @G--" GTEST_FLAG_PREFIX_ "output=xml@Y[@G:@YDIRECTORY_PATH@G"
+"  @G--" GTEST_FLAG_PREFIX_ "output=@Y(@Gjson@Y|@Gxml@Y)[@G:@YDIRECTORY_PATH@G"
     GTEST_PATH_SEP_ "@Y|@G:@YFILE_PATH]@D\n"
-"      Generate an XML report in the given directory or with the given file\n"
-"      name. @YFILE_PATH@D defaults to @Gtest_detail.xml@D.\n"
+"      Generate a JSON or XML report in the given directory or with the given\n"
+"      file name. @YFILE_PATH@D defaults to @Gtest_details.xml@D.\n"
 #if GTEST_CAN_STREAM_RESULTS_
 "  @G--" GTEST_FLAG_PREFIX_ "stream_result_to=@YHOST@G:@YPORT@D\n"
 "      Stream test results to the given server.\n"
@@ -5219,7 +5554,8 @@
 "  @G--" GTEST_FLAG_PREFIX_ "break_on_failure@D\n"
 "      Turn assertion failures into debugger break-points.\n"
 "  @G--" GTEST_FLAG_PREFIX_ "throw_on_failure@D\n"
-"      Turn assertion failures into C++ exceptions.\n"
+"      Turn assertion failures into C++ exceptions for use by an external\n"
+"      test framework.\n"
 "  @G--" GTEST_FLAG_PREFIX_ "catch_exceptions=0@D\n"
 "      Do not report exceptions as test failures. Instead, allow them\n"
 "      to crash the program or throw a pop-up (on Windows).\n"
@@ -5236,7 +5572,7 @@
 "(not one in your own code or tests), please report it to\n"
 "@G<" GTEST_DEV_EMAIL_ ">@D.\n";
 
-bool ParseGoogleTestFlag(const char* const arg) {
+static bool ParseGoogleTestFlag(const char* const arg) {
   return ParseBoolFlag(arg, kAlsoRunDisabledTestsFlag,
                        &GTEST_FLAG(also_run_disabled_tests)) ||
       ParseBoolFlag(arg, kBreakOnFailureFlag,
@@ -5254,6 +5590,7 @@
       ParseBoolFlag(arg, kListTestsFlag, &GTEST_FLAG(list_tests)) ||
       ParseStringFlag(arg, kOutputFlag, &GTEST_FLAG(output)) ||
       ParseBoolFlag(arg, kPrintTimeFlag, &GTEST_FLAG(print_time)) ||
+      ParseBoolFlag(arg, kPrintUTF8Flag, &GTEST_FLAG(print_utf8)) ||
       ParseInt32Flag(arg, kRandomSeedFlag, &GTEST_FLAG(random_seed)) ||
       ParseInt32Flag(arg, kRepeatFlag, &GTEST_FLAG(repeat)) ||
       ParseBoolFlag(arg, kShuffleFlag, &GTEST_FLAG(shuffle)) ||
@@ -5266,11 +5603,10 @@
 }
 
 #if GTEST_USE_OWN_FLAGFILE_FLAG_
-void LoadFlagsFromFile(const std::string& path) {
+static void LoadFlagsFromFile(const std::string& path) {
   FILE* flagfile = posix::FOpen(path.c_str(), "r");
   if (!flagfile) {
-    GTEST_LOG_(FATAL) << "Unable to open file \"" 
-                      << GTEST_FLAG(flagfile) 
+    GTEST_LOG_(FATAL) << "Unable to open file \"" << GTEST_FLAG(flagfile)
                       << "\"";
   }
   std::string contents(ReadEntireFile(flagfile));
@@ -5401,8 +5737,9 @@
 
 std::string TempDir() {
 #if defined(GTEST_CUSTOM_TEMPDIR_FUNCTION_)
-    return GTEST_CUSTOM_TEMPDIR_FUNCTION_();
+  return GTEST_CUSTOM_TEMPDIR_FUNCTION_();
 #endif
+
 #if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE
   return "\\temp\\";
 #elif GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
@@ -5420,4 +5757,23 @@
 #endif  // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE
 }
 
+// Class ScopedTrace
+
+// Pushes the given source file location and message onto a per-thread
+// trace stack maintained by Google Test.
+void ScopedTrace::PushTrace(const char* file, int line, std::string message) {
+  internal::TraceInfo trace;
+  trace.file = file;
+  trace.line = line;
+  trace.message.swap(message);
+
+  UnitTest::GetInstance()->PushGTestTrace(trace);
+}
+
+// Pops the info pushed by the c'tor.
+ScopedTrace::~ScopedTrace()
+    GTEST_LOCK_EXCLUDED_(&UnitTest::mutex_) {
+  UnitTest::GetInstance()->PopGTestTrace();
+}
+
 }  // namespace testing
diff --git a/googletest/src/gtest_main.cc b/googletest/src/gtest_main.cc
index f302822..5e9c94c 100644
--- a/googletest/src/gtest_main.cc
+++ b/googletest/src/gtest_main.cc
@@ -26,9 +26,9 @@
 // THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
 // (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
 // OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+//
 
 #include <stdio.h>
-
 #include "gtest/gtest.h"
 
 GTEST_API_ int main(int argc, char **argv) {
diff --git a/googletest/test/BUILD.bazel b/googletest/test/BUILD.bazel
index 5daa154..6ea18ec 100644
--- a/googletest/test/BUILD.bazel
+++ b/googletest/test/BUILD.bazel
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# Copyright 2017 Google Inc. 
+# Copyright 2017 Google Inc.
 # All Rights Reserved.
 #
 #
@@ -57,13 +57,15 @@
                         "gtest-param-test_test.cc",
                     ],
                 ) + select({
-        "//:win": [],
+        "//:windows": [],
+        "//:windows_msvc": [],
         "//conditions:default": [
             "gtest-tuple_test.cc",
         ],
         }),
     copts = select({
-        "//:win": ["-DGTEST_USE_OWN_TR1_TUPLE=0"],
+        "//:windows": ["-DGTEST_USE_OWN_TR1_TUPLE=0"],
+        "//:windows_msvc": ["-DGTEST_USE_OWN_TR1_TUPLE=0"],
         "//conditions:default": ["-DGTEST_USE_OWN_TR1_TUPLE=1"],
     }),
     includes = [
@@ -73,7 +75,8 @@
         "googletest/test",
     ],
     linkopts = select({
-        "//:win": [],
+        "//:windows": [],
+        "//:windows_msvc": [],
         "//conditions:default": [
             "-pthread",
         ],
@@ -116,3 +119,262 @@
         "//:gtest",
     ],
 )
+
+cc_test(
+    name = "gtest_unittest",
+    size = "small",
+    srcs = ["gtest_unittest.cc"],
+    args = ["--heap_check=strict"],
+    shard_count = 2,
+    deps = ["//:gtest_main"],
+)
+
+#  Py tests
+
+py_library(
+    name = "gtest_test_utils",
+    testonly = 1,
+    srcs = ["gtest_test_utils.py"],
+
+)
+
+cc_binary(
+    name = "gtest_help_test_",
+    testonly = 1,
+    srcs = ["gtest_help_test_.cc"],
+    deps = ["//:gtest_main"],
+)
+py_test(
+    name = "gtest_help_test",
+    size = "small",
+    srcs = ["gtest_help_test.py"],
+    data = [":gtest_help_test_"],
+    deps = [":gtest_test_utils"],
+)
+
+cc_binary(
+    name = "gtest_output_test_",
+    testonly = 1,
+    srcs = ["gtest_output_test_.cc"],
+    deps = ["//:gtest"],
+)
+
+py_test(
+    name = "gtest_output_test",
+    size = "small",
+    srcs = ["gtest_output_test.py"],
+    data = [
+        "gtest_output_test_golden_lin.txt",
+        ":gtest_output_test_",
+    ],
+    deps = [":gtest_test_utils"],
+)
+
+cc_binary(
+    name = "gtest_color_test_",
+    testonly = 1,
+    srcs = ["gtest_color_test_.cc"],
+    deps = ["//:gtest"],
+)
+py_test(
+    name = "gtest_color_test",
+    size = "small",
+    srcs = ["gtest_color_test.py"],
+    data = [":gtest_color_test_"],
+    deps = [":gtest_test_utils"],
+)
+
+cc_binary(
+    name = "gtest_env_var_test_",
+    testonly = 1,
+    srcs = ["gtest_env_var_test_.cc"],
+    deps = ["//:gtest"],
+)
+
+py_test(
+    name = "gtest_env_var_test",
+    size = "small",
+    srcs = ["gtest_env_var_test.py"],
+    data = [":gtest_env_var_test_"],
+    deps = [":gtest_test_utils"],
+)
+
+cc_binary(
+    name = "gtest_filter_unittest_",
+    testonly = 1,
+    srcs = ["gtest_filter_unittest_.cc"],
+    deps = ["//:gtest"],
+)
+
+py_test(
+    name = "gtest_filter_unittest",
+    size = "small",
+    srcs = ["gtest_filter_unittest.py"],
+    data = [":gtest_filter_unittest_"],
+    deps = [":gtest_test_utils"],
+)
+
+cc_binary(
+    name = "gtest_break_on_failure_unittest_",
+    testonly = 1,
+    srcs = ["gtest_break_on_failure_unittest_.cc"],
+    deps = ["//:gtest"],
+)
+
+py_test(
+    name = "gtest_break_on_failure_unittest",
+    size = "small",
+    srcs = ["gtest_break_on_failure_unittest.py"],
+    data = [":gtest_break_on_failure_unittest_"],
+    deps = [":gtest_test_utils"],
+)
+
+cc_test(
+    name = "gtest_assert_by_exception_test",
+    size = "small",
+    srcs = ["gtest_assert_by_exception_test.cc"],
+    deps = ["//:gtest"],
+)
+
+cc_binary(
+    name = "gtest_throw_on_failure_test_",
+    testonly = 1,
+    srcs = ["gtest_throw_on_failure_test_.cc"],
+    deps = ["//:gtest"],
+)
+
+py_test(
+    name = "gtest_throw_on_failure_test",
+    size = "small",
+    srcs = ["gtest_throw_on_failure_test.py"],
+    data = [":gtest_throw_on_failure_test_"],
+    deps = [":gtest_test_utils"],
+)
+
+cc_binary(
+    name = "gtest_list_tests_unittest_",
+    testonly = 1,
+    srcs = ["gtest_list_tests_unittest_.cc"],
+    deps = ["//:gtest"],
+)
+
+py_test(
+    name = "gtest_list_tests_unittest",
+    size = "small",
+    srcs = ["gtest_list_tests_unittest.py"],
+    data = [":gtest_list_tests_unittest_"],
+    deps = [":gtest_test_utils"],
+)
+
+cc_binary(
+    name = "gtest_shuffle_test_",
+    srcs = ["gtest_shuffle_test_.cc"],
+    deps = ["//:gtest"],
+)
+
+py_test(
+    name = "gtest_shuffle_test",
+    size = "small",
+    srcs = ["gtest_shuffle_test.py"],
+    data = [":gtest_shuffle_test_"],
+    deps = [":gtest_test_utils"],
+)
+
+cc_binary(
+    name = "gtest_catch_exceptions_no_ex_test_",
+    testonly = 1,
+    srcs = ["gtest_catch_exceptions_test_.cc"],
+    deps = ["//:gtest_main"],
+)
+
+cc_binary(
+    name = "gtest_catch_exceptions_ex_test_",
+    testonly = 1,
+    srcs = ["gtest_catch_exceptions_test_.cc"],
+    copts = ["-fexceptions"],
+    deps = ["//:gtest_main"],
+)
+
+py_test(
+    name = "gtest_catch_exceptions_test",
+    size = "small",
+    srcs = ["gtest_catch_exceptions_test.py"],
+    data = [
+        ":gtest_catch_exceptions_ex_test_",
+        ":gtest_catch_exceptions_no_ex_test_",
+    ],
+    deps = [":gtest_test_utils"],
+)
+
+cc_binary(
+    name = "gtest_xml_output_unittest_",
+    testonly = 1,
+    srcs = ["gtest_xml_output_unittest_.cc"],
+    deps = ["//:gtest"],
+)
+
+cc_test(
+    name = "gtest_no_test_unittest",
+    size = "small",
+    srcs = ["gtest_no_test_unittest.cc"],
+    deps = ["//:gtest"],
+)
+
+py_test(
+    name = "gtest_xml_output_unittest",
+    size = "small",
+    srcs = [
+        "gtest_xml_output_unittest.py",
+        "gtest_xml_test_utils.py",
+    ],
+    data = [
+        # We invoke gtest_no_test_unittest to verify the XML output
+        # when the test program contains no test definition.
+        ":gtest_no_test_unittest",
+        ":gtest_xml_output_unittest_",
+    ],
+    deps = [":gtest_test_utils"],
+)
+
+cc_binary(
+    name = "gtest_xml_outfile1_test_",
+    testonly = 1,
+    srcs = ["gtest_xml_outfile1_test_.cc"],
+    deps = ["//:gtest_main"],
+)
+
+cc_binary(
+    name = "gtest_xml_outfile2_test_",
+    testonly = 1,
+    srcs = ["gtest_xml_outfile2_test_.cc"],
+    deps = ["//:gtest_main"],
+)
+
+py_test(
+    name = "gtest_xml_outfiles_test",
+    size = "small",
+    srcs = [
+        "gtest_xml_outfiles_test.py",
+        "gtest_xml_test_utils.py",
+    ],
+    data = [
+        ":gtest_xml_outfile1_test_",
+        ":gtest_xml_outfile2_test_",
+    ],
+    deps = [":gtest_test_utils"],
+)
+
+cc_binary(
+    name = "gtest_uninitialized_test_",
+    testonly = 1,
+    srcs = ["gtest_uninitialized_test_.cc"],
+    deps = ["//:gtest"],
+)
+
+py_test(
+    name = "gtest_uninitialized_test",
+    size = "medium",
+    srcs = ["gtest_uninitialized_test.py"],
+    data = [":gtest_uninitialized_test_"],
+    deps = [":gtest_test_utils"],
+)
diff --git a/googletest/test/gtest-death-test_test.cc b/googletest/test/gtest-death-test_test.cc
index 85021e3..21573c7 100644
--- a/googletest/test/gtest-death-test_test.cc
+++ b/googletest/test/gtest-death-test_test.cc
@@ -56,15 +56,7 @@
 # endif  // GTEST_OS_LINUX
 
 # include "gtest/gtest-spi.h"
-
-// Indicates that this translation unit is part of Google Test's
-// implementation.  It must come before gtest-internal-inl.h is
-// included, or there will be a compiler error.  This trick is to
-// prevent a user from accidentally including gtest-internal-inl.h in
-// their code.
-# define GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_ 1
 # include "src/gtest-internal-inl.h"
-# undef GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_
 
 namespace posix = ::testing::internal::posix;
 
@@ -313,14 +305,14 @@
 }
 
 # if GTEST_USES_PCRE
+
 // Tests that EXPECT_DEATH and ASSERT_DEATH work when the error
 // message has a NUL character in it.
 TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, EmbeddedNulInMessage) {
-  // TODO(wan@google.com): <regex.h> doesn't support matching strings
-  // with embedded NUL characters - find a way to workaround it.
   EXPECT_DEATH(DieWithEmbeddedNul(), "my null world");
   ASSERT_DEATH(DieWithEmbeddedNul(), "my null world");
 }
+
 # endif  // GTEST_USES_PCRE
 
 // Tests that death test macros expand to code which interacts well with switch
@@ -625,7 +617,11 @@
 TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, TestExpectDebugDeath) {
   int sideeffect = 0;
 
-  EXPECT_DEBUG_DEATH(DieInDebugElse12(&sideeffect), "death.*DieInDebugElse12")
+  // Put the regex in a local variable to make sure we don't get an "unused"
+  // warning in opt mode.
+  const char* regex = "death.*DieInDebugElse12";
+
+  EXPECT_DEBUG_DEATH(DieInDebugElse12(&sideeffect), regex)
       << "Must accept a streamed message";
 
 # ifdef NDEBUG
diff --git a/googletest/test/gtest-filepath_test.cc b/googletest/test/gtest-filepath_test.cc
index 22f4ed6..29cea3d 100644
--- a/googletest/test/gtest-filepath_test.cc
+++ b/googletest/test/gtest-filepath_test.cc
@@ -27,28 +27,18 @@
 // (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
 // OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 //
-// Authors: keith.ray@gmail.com (Keith Ray)
 //
 // Google Test filepath utilities
 //
 // This file tests classes and functions used internally by
 // Google Test.  They are subject to change without notice.
 //
-// This file is #included from gtest_unittest.cc, to avoid changing
-// build or make-files for some existing Google Test clients. Do not
-// #include this file anywhere else!
+// This file is #included from gtest-internal.h.
+// Do not #include this file anywhere else!
 
 #include "gtest/internal/gtest-filepath.h"
 #include "gtest/gtest.h"
-
-// Indicates that this translation unit is part of Google Test's
-// implementation.  It must come before gtest-internal-inl.h is
-// included, or there will be a compiler error.  This trick is to
-// prevent a user from accidentally including gtest-internal-inl.h in
-// their code.
-#define GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_ 1
 #include "src/gtest-internal-inl.h"
-#undef GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_
 
 #if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE
 # include <windows.h>  // NOLINT
diff --git a/googletest/test/gtest-options_test.cc b/googletest/test/gtest-options_test.cc
index 88c6e9a..25c9f39 100644
--- a/googletest/test/gtest-options_test.cc
+++ b/googletest/test/gtest-options_test.cc
@@ -27,7 +27,6 @@
 // (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
 // OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 //
-// Authors: keith.ray@gmail.com (Keith Ray)
 //
 // Google Test UnitTestOptions tests
 //
@@ -46,14 +45,7 @@
 # include <direct.h>
 #endif  // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE
 
-// Indicates that this translation unit is part of Google Test's
-// implementation.  It must come before gtest-internal-inl.h is
-// included, or there will be a compiler error.  This trick is to
-// prevent a user from accidentally including gtest-internal-inl.h in
-// their code.
-#define GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_ 1
 #include "src/gtest-internal-inl.h"
-#undef GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_
 
 namespace testing {
 namespace internal {
diff --git a/googletest/test/gtest-param-test2_test.cc b/googletest/test/gtest-param-test2_test.cc
index e7afdc3..c3b2d18 100644
--- a/googletest/test/gtest-param-test2_test.cc
+++ b/googletest/test/gtest-param-test2_test.cc
@@ -33,8 +33,7 @@
 // Google Test work.
 
 #include "gtest/gtest.h"
-
-#include "test/gtest-param-test_test.h"
+#include "gtest-param-test_test.h"
 
 using ::testing::Values;
 using ::testing::internal::ParamGenerator;
@@ -59,3 +58,4 @@
 INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(Sequence2,
                         InstantiationInMultipleTranslaionUnitsTest,
                         Values(42*3, 42*4, 42*5));
+
diff --git a/googletest/test/gtest-param-test_test.cc b/googletest/test/gtest-param-test_test.cc
index 7d23e49..b21cb31 100644
--- a/googletest/test/gtest-param-test_test.cc
+++ b/googletest/test/gtest-param-test_test.cc
@@ -42,11 +42,7 @@
 # include <string>
 # include <vector>
 
-// To include gtest-internal-inl.h.
-# define GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_ 1
 # include "src/gtest-internal-inl.h"  // for UnitTestOptions
-# undef GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_
-
 # include "test/gtest-param-test_test.h"
 
 using ::std::vector;
@@ -540,6 +536,51 @@
   VerifyGenerator(gen, expected_values);
 }
 
+#if GTEST_LANG_CXX11
+
+class NonDefaultConstructAssignString {
+ public:
+  NonDefaultConstructAssignString(const std::string& s) : str_(s) {}
+
+  const std::string& str() const { return str_; }
+
+ private:
+  std::string str_;
+
+  // Not default constructible
+  NonDefaultConstructAssignString();
+  // Not assignable
+  void operator=(const NonDefaultConstructAssignString&);
+};
+
+TEST(CombineTest, NonDefaultConstructAssign) {
+  const ParamGenerator<tuple<int, NonDefaultConstructAssignString> > gen =
+      Combine(Values(0, 1), Values(NonDefaultConstructAssignString("A"),
+                                   NonDefaultConstructAssignString("B")));
+
+  ParamGenerator<tuple<int, NonDefaultConstructAssignString> >::iterator it =
+      gen.begin();
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, std::get<0>(*it));
+  EXPECT_EQ("A", std::get<1>(*it).str());
+  ++it;
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, std::get<0>(*it));
+  EXPECT_EQ("B", std::get<1>(*it).str());
+  ++it;
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, std::get<0>(*it));
+  EXPECT_EQ("A", std::get<1>(*it).str());
+  ++it;
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, std::get<0>(*it));
+  EXPECT_EQ("B", std::get<1>(*it).str());
+  ++it;
+
+  EXPECT_TRUE(it == gen.end());
+}
+
+#endif   // GTEST_LANG_CXX11
 # endif  // GTEST_HAS_COMBINE
 
 // Tests that an generator produces correct sequence after being
@@ -815,8 +856,8 @@
 TEST_P(CustomFunctorNamingTest, CustomTestNames) {}
 
 struct CustomParamNameFunctor {
-  std::string operator()(const ::testing::TestParamInfo<std::string>& info) {
-    return info.param;
+  std::string operator()(const ::testing::TestParamInfo<std::string>& inf) {
+    return inf.param;
   }
 };
 
@@ -833,8 +874,8 @@
                         CustomParamNameFunctor());
 
 inline std::string CustomParamNameFunction(
-    const ::testing::TestParamInfo<std::string>& info) {
-  return info.param;
+    const ::testing::TestParamInfo<std::string>& inf) {
+  return inf.param;
 }
 
 class CustomFunctionNamingTest : public TestWithParam<std::string> {};
@@ -852,11 +893,10 @@
 class CustomLambdaNamingTest : public TestWithParam<std::string> {};
 TEST_P(CustomLambdaNamingTest, CustomTestNames) {}
 
-INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(CustomParamNameLambda,
-                        CustomLambdaNamingTest,
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(CustomParamNameLambda, CustomLambdaNamingTest,
                         Values(std::string("LambdaName")),
-                        [](const ::testing::TestParamInfo<std::string>& tpinfo) {
-                          return tpinfo.param;
+                        [](const ::testing::TestParamInfo<std::string>& inf) {
+                          return inf.param;
                         });
 
 #endif  // GTEST_LANG_CXX11
@@ -1023,6 +1063,7 @@
 
 INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(RangeZeroToFive, ParameterizedDerivedTest, Range(0, 5));
 
+
 int main(int argc, char **argv) {
   // Used in TestGenerationTest test case.
   AddGlobalTestEnvironment(TestGenerationTest::Environment::Instance());
diff --git a/googletest/test/gtest-port_test.cc b/googletest/test/gtest-port_test.cc
index 62ee11b..4ed4afc 100644
--- a/googletest/test/gtest-port_test.cc
+++ b/googletest/test/gtest-port_test.cc
@@ -45,15 +45,7 @@
 
 #include "gtest/gtest.h"
 #include "gtest/gtest-spi.h"
-
-// Indicates that this translation unit is part of Google Test's
-// implementation.  It must come before gtest-internal-inl.h is
-// included, or there will be a compiler error.  This trick is to
-// prevent a user from accidentally including gtest-internal-inl.h in
-// their code.
-#define GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_ 1
 #include "src/gtest-internal-inl.h"
-#undef GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_
 
 using std::make_pair;
 using std::pair;
@@ -75,8 +67,8 @@
 }
 
 TEST(IsXDigitTest, ReturnsFalseForNarrowNonAscii) {
-  EXPECT_FALSE(IsXDigit('\x80'));
-  EXPECT_FALSE(IsXDigit(static_cast<char>('0' | '\x80')));
+  EXPECT_FALSE(IsXDigit(static_cast<char>(0x80)));
+  EXPECT_FALSE(IsXDigit(static_cast<char>('0' | 0x80)));
 }
 
 TEST(IsXDigitTest, WorksForWideAscii) {
diff --git a/googletest/test/gtest-printers_test.cc b/googletest/test/gtest-printers_test.cc
index 2a6c017..60a8d03 100644
--- a/googletest/test/gtest-printers_test.cc
+++ b/googletest/test/gtest-printers_test.cc
@@ -52,13 +52,13 @@
 
 // hash_map and hash_set are available under Visual C++, or on Linux.
 #if GTEST_HAS_UNORDERED_MAP_
-# include <unordered_map>       // NOLINT
+# include <unordered_map>  // NOLINT
 #elif GTEST_HAS_HASH_MAP_
 # include <hash_map>            // NOLINT
 #endif  // GTEST_HAS_HASH_MAP_
 
 #if GTEST_HAS_UNORDERED_SET_
-# include <unordered_set>       // NOLINT
+# include <unordered_set>  // NOLINT
 #elif GTEST_HAS_HASH_SET_
 # include <hash_set>            // NOLINT
 #endif  // GTEST_HAS_HASH_SET_
@@ -192,13 +192,12 @@
   return os << "StreamableTemplateInFoo: " << x.value();
 }
 
-// A user-defined streamable but recursivly-defined container type in 
+// A user-defined streamable but recursivly-defined container type in
 // a user namespace, it mimics therefore std::filesystem::path or
 // boost::filesystem::path.
 class PathLike {
  public:
-  struct iterator
-  {
+  struct iterator {
     typedef PathLike value_type;
   };
   typedef iterator const_iterator;
@@ -208,9 +207,7 @@
   iterator begin() const { return iterator(); }
   iterator end() const { return iterator(); }
 
-  friend 
-  ::std::ostream& operator<<(::std::ostream& os, const PathLike&)
-  {
+  friend ::std::ostream& operator<<(::std::ostream& os, const PathLike&) {
     return os << "Streamable-PathLike";
   }
 };
@@ -250,9 +247,9 @@
 #if GTEST_HAS_UNORDERED_MAP_
 
 #define GTEST_HAS_HASH_MAP_ 1
-template<class Key, class T>
+template <class Key, class T>
 using hash_map = ::std::unordered_map<Key, T>;
-template<class Key, class T>
+template <class Key, class T>
 using hash_multimap = ::std::unordered_multimap<Key, T>;
 
 #elif GTEST_HAS_HASH_MAP_
@@ -270,19 +267,19 @@
 #if GTEST_HAS_UNORDERED_SET_
 
 #define GTEST_HAS_HASH_SET_ 1
-template<class Key>
+template <class Key>
 using hash_set = ::std::unordered_set<Key>;
-template<class Key>
+template <class Key>
 using hash_multiset = ::std::unordered_multiset<Key>;
 
 #elif GTEST_HAS_HASH_SET_
 
 #ifdef _STLP_HASH_MAP  // We got <hash_map> from STLport.
-using ::std::hash_set;
-using ::std::hash_multiset;
+using ::std::hash_map;
+using ::std::hash_multimap;
 #elif _MSC_VER
-using ::stdext::hash_set;
-using ::stdext::hash_multiset;
+using ::stdext::hash_map;
+using ::stdext::hash_multimap;
 #endif
 
 #endif
@@ -840,22 +837,22 @@
   EXPECT_EQ("AllowsGenericStreamingAndImplicitConversionTemplate", Print(a));
 }
 
-#if GTEST_HAS_STRING_PIECE_
+#if GTEST_HAS_ABSL
 
-// Tests printing StringPiece.
+// Tests printing ::absl::string_view.
 
-TEST(PrintStringPieceTest, SimpleStringPiece) {
-  const StringPiece sp = "Hello";
+TEST(PrintStringViewTest, SimpleStringView) {
+  const ::absl::string_view sp = "Hello";
   EXPECT_EQ("\"Hello\"", Print(sp));
 }
 
-TEST(PrintStringPieceTest, UnprintableCharacters) {
+TEST(PrintStringViewTest, UnprintableCharacters) {
   const char str[] = "NUL (\0) and \r\t";
-  const StringPiece sp(str, sizeof(str) - 1);
+  const ::absl::string_view sp(str, sizeof(str) - 1);
   EXPECT_EQ("\"NUL (\\0) and \\r\\t\"", Print(sp));
 }
 
-#endif  // GTEST_HAS_STRING_PIECE_
+#endif  // GTEST_HAS_ABSL
 
 // Tests printing STL containers.
 
@@ -1092,7 +1089,7 @@
   ::std::tr1::tuple<bool, char, short, testing::internal::Int32,  // NOLINT
                     testing::internal::Int64, float, double, const char*, void*,
                     std::string>
-      t10(false, 'a', static_cast<short>(3), 4, 5, 1.5F, -2.5, str, 
+      t10(false, 'a', static_cast<short>(3), 4, 5, 1.5F, -2.5, str,  // NOLINT
           ImplicitCast_<void*>(NULL), "10");
   EXPECT_EQ("(false, 'a' (97, 0x61), 3, 4, 5, 1.5, -2.5, " + PrintPointer(str) +
             " pointing to \"8\", NULL, \"10\")",
@@ -1152,7 +1149,7 @@
   ::std::tuple<bool, char, short, testing::internal::Int32,  // NOLINT
                testing::internal::Int64, float, double, const char*, void*,
                std::string>
-      t10(false, 'a', static_cast<short>(3), 4, 5, 1.5F, -2.5, str,
+      t10(false, 'a', static_cast<short>(3), 4, 5, 1.5F, -2.5, str,  // NOLINT
           ImplicitCast_<void*>(NULL), "10");
   EXPECT_EQ("(false, 'a' (97, 0x61), 3, 4, 5, 1.5, -2.5, " + PrintPointer(str) +
             " pointing to \"8\", NULL, \"10\")",
@@ -1330,7 +1327,7 @@
 }
 
 // Tests formatting a char pointer when it's compared with another pointer.
-// In this case we want to print it as a raw pointer, as the comparision is by
+// In this case we want to print it as a raw pointer, as the comparison is by
 // pointer.
 
 // char pointer vs pointer
@@ -1555,6 +1552,78 @@
   EXPECT_PRINT_TO_STRING_(mutable_str_with_nul, "\"hello\\0 world\"");
 }
 
+  TEST(PrintToStringTest, ContainsNonLatin) {
+  // Sanity test with valid UTF-8. Prints both in hex and as text.
+  std::string non_ascii_str = ::std::string("오전 4:30");
+  EXPECT_PRINT_TO_STRING_(non_ascii_str,
+                          "\"\\xEC\\x98\\xA4\\xEC\\xA0\\x84 4:30\"\n"
+                          "    As Text: \"오전 4:30\"");
+  non_ascii_str = ::std::string("From ä — ẑ");
+  EXPECT_PRINT_TO_STRING_(non_ascii_str,
+                          "\"From \\xC3\\xA4 \\xE2\\x80\\x94 \\xE1\\xBA\\x91\""
+                          "\n    As Text: \"From ä — ẑ\"");
+}
+
+TEST(IsValidUTF8Test, IllFormedUTF8) {
+  // The following test strings are ill-formed UTF-8 and are printed
+  // as hex only (or ASCII, in case of ASCII bytes) because IsValidUTF8() is
+  // expected to fail, thus output does not contain "As Text:".
+
+  static const char *const kTestdata[][2] = {
+    // 2-byte lead byte followed by a single-byte character.
+    {"\xC3\x74", "\"\\xC3t\""},
+    // Valid 2-byte character followed by an orphan trail byte.
+    {"\xC3\x84\xA4", "\"\\xC3\\x84\\xA4\""},
+    // Lead byte without trail byte.
+    {"abc\xC3", "\"abc\\xC3\""},
+    // 3-byte lead byte, single-byte character, orphan trail byte.
+    {"x\xE2\x70\x94", "\"x\\xE2p\\x94\""},
+    // Truncated 3-byte character.
+    {"\xE2\x80", "\"\\xE2\\x80\""},
+    // Truncated 3-byte character followed by valid 2-byte char.
+    {"\xE2\x80\xC3\x84", "\"\\xE2\\x80\\xC3\\x84\""},
+    // Truncated 3-byte character followed by a single-byte character.
+    {"\xE2\x80\x7A", "\"\\xE2\\x80z\""},
+    // 3-byte lead byte followed by valid 3-byte character.
+    {"\xE2\xE2\x80\x94", "\"\\xE2\\xE2\\x80\\x94\""},
+    // 4-byte lead byte followed by valid 3-byte character.
+    {"\xF0\xE2\x80\x94", "\"\\xF0\\xE2\\x80\\x94\""},
+    // Truncated 4-byte character.
+    {"\xF0\xE2\x80", "\"\\xF0\\xE2\\x80\""},
+     // Invalid UTF-8 byte sequences embedded in other chars.
+    {"abc\xE2\x80\x94\xC3\x74xyc", "\"abc\\xE2\\x80\\x94\\xC3txyc\""},
+    {"abc\xC3\x84\xE2\x80\xC3\x84xyz",
+     "\"abc\\xC3\\x84\\xE2\\x80\\xC3\\x84xyz\""},
+    // Non-shortest UTF-8 byte sequences are also ill-formed.
+    // The classics: xC0, xC1 lead byte.
+    {"\xC0\x80", "\"\\xC0\\x80\""},
+    {"\xC1\x81", "\"\\xC1\\x81\""},
+    // Non-shortest sequences.
+    {"\xE0\x80\x80", "\"\\xE0\\x80\\x80\""},
+    {"\xf0\x80\x80\x80", "\"\\xF0\\x80\\x80\\x80\""},
+    // Last valid code point before surrogate range, should be printed as text,
+    // too.
+    {"\xED\x9F\xBF", "\"\\xED\\x9F\\xBF\"\n    As Text: \"퟿\""},
+    // Start of surrogate lead. Surrogates are not printed as text.
+    {"\xED\xA0\x80", "\"\\xED\\xA0\\x80\""},
+    // Last non-private surrogate lead.
+    {"\xED\xAD\xBF", "\"\\xED\\xAD\\xBF\""},
+    // First private-use surrogate lead.
+    {"\xED\xAE\x80", "\"\\xED\\xAE\\x80\""},
+    // Last private-use surrogate lead.
+    {"\xED\xAF\xBF", "\"\\xED\\xAF\\xBF\""},
+    // Mid-point of surrogate trail.
+    {"\xED\xB3\xBF", "\"\\xED\\xB3\\xBF\""},
+    // First valid code point after surrogate range, should be printed as text,
+    // too.
+    {"\xEE\x80\x80", "\"\\xEE\\x80\\x80\"\n    As Text: \"\""}
+  };
+
+  for (int i = 0; i < int(sizeof(kTestdata)/sizeof(kTestdata[0])); ++i) {
+    EXPECT_PRINT_TO_STRING_(kTestdata[i][0], kTestdata[i][1]);
+  }
+}
+
 #undef EXPECT_PRINT_TO_STRING_
 
 TEST(UniversalTersePrintTest, WorksForNonReference) {
@@ -1696,5 +1765,17 @@
 
 #endif  // GTEST_HAS_STD_TUPLE_
 
+#if GTEST_HAS_ABSL
+
+TEST(PrintOptionalTest, Basic) {
+  absl::optional<int> value;
+  EXPECT_EQ("(nullopt)", PrintToString(value));
+  value = {7};
+  EXPECT_EQ("(7)", PrintToString(value));
+  EXPECT_EQ("(1.1)", PrintToString(absl::optional<double>{1.1}));
+  EXPECT_EQ("(\"A\")", PrintToString(absl::optional<std::string>{"A"}));
+}
+#endif  // GTEST_HAS_ABSL
+
 }  // namespace gtest_printers_test
 }  // namespace testing
diff --git a/googletest/test/gtest-typed-test2_test.cc b/googletest/test/gtest-typed-test2_test.cc
index c284700..ad77c65 100644
--- a/googletest/test/gtest-typed-test2_test.cc
+++ b/googletest/test/gtest-typed-test2_test.cc
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
 
 #include <vector>
 
-#include "test/gtest-typed-test_test.h"
+#include "gtest-typed-test_test.h"
 #include "gtest/gtest.h"
 
 #if GTEST_HAS_TYPED_TEST_P
diff --git a/googletest/test/gtest-typed-test_test.cc b/googletest/test/gtest-typed-test_test.cc
index 93628ba..5e1b7b2 100644
--- a/googletest/test/gtest-typed-test_test.cc
+++ b/googletest/test/gtest-typed-test_test.cc
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
 //
 // Author: wan@google.com (Zhanyong Wan)
 
-#include "test/gtest-typed-test_test.h"
+#include "gtest-typed-test_test.h"
 
 #include <set>
 #include <vector>
diff --git a/googletest/test/gtest_all_test.cc b/googletest/test/gtest_all_test.cc
index 955aa62..e16ef53 100644
--- a/googletest/test/gtest_all_test.cc
+++ b/googletest/test/gtest_all_test.cc
@@ -33,15 +33,15 @@
 //
 // Sometimes it's desirable to build most of Google Test's own tests
 // by compiling a single file.  This file serves this purpose.
-#include "test/gtest-filepath_test.cc"
-#include "test/gtest-linked_ptr_test.cc"
-#include "test/gtest-message_test.cc"
-#include "test/gtest-options_test.cc"
-#include "test/gtest-port_test.cc"
-#include "test/gtest_pred_impl_unittest.cc"
-#include "test/gtest_prod_test.cc"
-#include "test/gtest-test-part_test.cc"
-#include "test/gtest-typed-test_test.cc"
-#include "test/gtest-typed-test2_test.cc"
-#include "test/gtest_unittest.cc"
-#include "test/production.cc"
+#include "gtest-filepath_test.cc"
+#include "gtest-linked_ptr_test.cc"
+#include "gtest-message_test.cc"
+#include "gtest-options_test.cc"
+#include "gtest-port_test.cc"
+#include "gtest_pred_impl_unittest.cc"
+#include "gtest_prod_test.cc"
+#include "gtest-test-part_test.cc"
+#include "gtest-typed-test_test.cc"
+#include "gtest-typed-test2_test.cc"
+#include "gtest_unittest.cc"
+#include "production.cc"
diff --git a/googletest/test/gtest_assert_by_exception_test.cc b/googletest/test/gtest_assert_by_exception_test.cc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2f0e34a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/googletest/test/gtest_assert_by_exception_test.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,119 @@
+// Copyright 2009, Google Inc.
+// All rights reserved.
+//
+// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+// met:
+//
+//     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+//     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+// copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+// in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+// distribution.
+//     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+// contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+// this software without specific prior written permission.
+//
+// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+// "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+// LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+// A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+// OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+// SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+// LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+// DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+// THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+// (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+// OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+//
+// Author: wan@google.com (Zhanyong Wan)
+
+// Tests Google Test's assert-by-exception mode with exceptions enabled.
+
+#include "gtest/gtest.h"
+
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <stdexcept>
+
+class ThrowListener : public testing::EmptyTestEventListener {
+  void OnTestPartResult(const testing::TestPartResult& result) override {
+    if (result.type() == testing::TestPartResult::kFatalFailure) {
+      throw testing::AssertionException(result);
+    }
+  }
+};
+
+// Prints the given failure message and exits the program with
+// non-zero.  We use this instead of a Google Test assertion to
+// indicate a failure, as the latter is been tested and cannot be
+// relied on.
+void Fail(const char* msg) {
+  printf("FAILURE: %s\n", msg);
+  fflush(stdout);
+  exit(1);
+}
+
+static void AssertFalse() {
+  ASSERT_EQ(2, 3) << "Expected failure";
+}
+
+// Tests that an assertion failure throws a subclass of
+// std::runtime_error.
+TEST(Test, Test) {
+  // A successful assertion shouldn't throw.
+  try {
+    EXPECT_EQ(3, 3);
+  } catch(...) {
+    Fail("A successful assertion wrongfully threw.");
+  }
+
+  // A successful assertion shouldn't throw.
+  try {
+    EXPECT_EQ(3, 4);
+  } catch(...) {
+    Fail("A failed non-fatal assertion wrongfully threw.");
+  }
+
+  // A failed assertion should throw.
+  try {
+    AssertFalse();
+  } catch(const testing::AssertionException& e) {
+    if (strstr(e.what(), "Expected failure") != NULL)
+      throw;
+
+    printf("%s",
+           "A failed assertion did throw an exception of the right type, "
+           "but the message is incorrect.  Instead of containing \"Expected "
+           "failure\", it is:\n");
+    Fail(e.what());
+  } catch(...) {
+    Fail("A failed assertion threw the wrong type of exception.");
+  }
+  Fail("A failed assertion should've thrown but didn't.");
+}
+
+int kTestForContinuingTest = 0;
+
+TEST(Test, Test2) {
+  // FIXME(sokolov): how to force Test2 to be after Test?
+  kTestForContinuingTest = 1;
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char** argv) {
+  testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
+  testing::UnitTest::GetInstance()->listeners().Append(new ThrowListener);
+
+  int result = RUN_ALL_TESTS();
+  if (result == 0) {
+    printf("RUN_ALL_TESTS returned %d\n", result);
+    Fail("Expected failure instead.");
+  }
+
+  if (kTestForContinuingTest == 0) {
+    Fail("Should have continued with other tests, but did not.");
+  }
+  return 0;
+}
diff --git a/googletest/test/gtest_break_on_failure_unittest.py b/googletest/test/gtest_break_on_failure_unittest.py
index 78f3e0f..16e19db 100755
--- a/googletest/test/gtest_break_on_failure_unittest.py
+++ b/googletest/test/gtest_break_on_failure_unittest.py
@@ -40,10 +40,8 @@
 
 __author__ = 'wan@google.com (Zhanyong Wan)'
 
-import gtest_test_utils
 import os
-import sys
-
+import gtest_test_utils
 
 # Constants.
 
diff --git a/googletest/test/gtest_break_on_failure_unittest_.cc b/googletest/test/gtest_break_on_failure_unittest_.cc
index dd07478..1231ec2 100644
--- a/googletest/test/gtest_break_on_failure_unittest_.cc
+++ b/googletest/test/gtest_break_on_failure_unittest_.cc
@@ -80,8 +80,7 @@
   SetUnhandledExceptionFilter(ExitWithExceptionCode);
 
 # endif
-#endif
-
+#endif  // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
   testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
 
   return RUN_ALL_TESTS();
diff --git a/googletest/test/gtest_catch_exceptions_test.py b/googletest/test/gtest_catch_exceptions_test.py
index e6fc22f..760f914 100755
--- a/googletest/test/gtest_catch_exceptions_test.py
+++ b/googletest/test/gtest_catch_exceptions_test.py
@@ -37,8 +37,6 @@
 
 __author__ = 'vladl@google.com (Vlad Losev)'
 
-import os
-
 import gtest_test_utils
 
 # Constants.
diff --git a/googletest/test/gtest_color_test.py b/googletest/test/gtest_color_test.py
index d02a53e..49b8ed2 100755
--- a/googletest/test/gtest_color_test.py
+++ b/googletest/test/gtest_color_test.py
@@ -36,8 +36,7 @@
 import os
 import gtest_test_utils
 
-
-IS_WINDOWS = os.name = 'nt'
+IS_WINDOWS = os.name == 'nt'
 
 COLOR_ENV_VAR = 'GTEST_COLOR'
 COLOR_FLAG = 'gtest_color'
diff --git a/googletest/test/gtest_color_test_.cc b/googletest/test/gtest_color_test_.cc
index 672069c..f9a21e2 100644
--- a/googletest/test/gtest_color_test_.cc
+++ b/googletest/test/gtest_color_test_.cc
@@ -36,15 +36,7 @@
 #include <stdio.h>
 
 #include "gtest/gtest.h"
-
-// Indicates that this translation unit is part of Google Test's
-// implementation.  It must come before gtest-internal-inl.h is
-// included, or there will be a compiler error.  This trick is to
-// prevent a user from accidentally including gtest-internal-inl.h in
-// their code.
-#define GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_ 1
 #include "src/gtest-internal-inl.h"
-#undef GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_
 
 using testing::internal::ShouldUseColor;
 
diff --git a/googletest/test/gtest_env_var_test.py b/googletest/test/gtest_env_var_test.py
index 424075c..7af00ce 100755
--- a/googletest/test/gtest_env_var_test.py
+++ b/googletest/test/gtest_env_var_test.py
@@ -47,8 +47,8 @@
 
 def AssertEq(expected, actual):
   if expected != actual:
-    print('Expected: %s' % (expected,))
-    print('  Actual: %s' % (actual,))
+    print 'Expected: %s' % (expected,)
+    print '  Actual: %s' % (actual,)
     raise AssertionError
 
 
diff --git a/googletest/test/gtest_env_var_test_.cc b/googletest/test/gtest_env_var_test_.cc
index 539afc9..9b668dc 100644
--- a/googletest/test/gtest_env_var_test_.cc
+++ b/googletest/test/gtest_env_var_test_.cc
@@ -36,9 +36,7 @@
 
 #include <iostream>
 
-#define GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_ 1
 #include "src/gtest-internal-inl.h"
-#undef GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_
 
 using ::std::cout;
 
diff --git a/googletest/test/gtest_environment_test.cc b/googletest/test/gtest_environment_test.cc
index 3cff19e..1d6dc12 100644
--- a/googletest/test/gtest_environment_test.cc
+++ b/googletest/test/gtest_environment_test.cc
@@ -34,10 +34,7 @@
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include "gtest/gtest.h"
-
-#define GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_ 1  // Required for the next #include.
 #include "src/gtest-internal-inl.h"
-#undef GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_
 
 namespace testing {
 GTEST_DECLARE_string_(filter);
diff --git a/googletest/test/gtest_filter_unittest.py b/googletest/test/gtest_filter_unittest.py
index ec0b151..92cc77c 100755
--- a/googletest/test/gtest_filter_unittest.py
+++ b/googletest/test/gtest_filter_unittest.py
@@ -44,12 +44,8 @@
 
 import os
 import re
-try:
-  from sets import Set as set  # For Python 2.3 compatibility
-except ImportError:
-  pass
+import sets
 import sys
-
 import gtest_test_utils
 
 # Constants.
@@ -59,10 +55,12 @@
 # script in a subprocess to print whether the variable is STILL in
 # os.environ.  We then use 'eval' to parse the child's output so that an
 # exception is thrown if the input is anything other than 'True' nor 'False'.
-os.environ['EMPTY_VAR'] = ''
-child = gtest_test_utils.Subprocess(
-    [sys.executable, '-c', 'import os; print(\'EMPTY_VAR\' in os.environ)'])
-CAN_PASS_EMPTY_ENV = eval(child.output)
+CAN_PASS_EMPTY_ENV = False
+if sys.executable:
+  os.environ['EMPTY_VAR'] = ''
+  child = gtest_test_utils.Subprocess(
+      [sys.executable, '-c', 'import os; print \'EMPTY_VAR\' in os.environ'])
+  CAN_PASS_EMPTY_ENV = eval(child.output)
 
 
 # Check if this platform can unset environment variables in child processes.
@@ -71,11 +69,14 @@
 # is NO LONGER in os.environ.
 # We use 'eval' to parse the child's output so that an exception
 # is thrown if the input is neither 'True' nor 'False'.
-os.environ['UNSET_VAR'] = 'X'
-del os.environ['UNSET_VAR']
-child = gtest_test_utils.Subprocess(
-    [sys.executable, '-c', 'import os; print(\'UNSET_VAR\' not in os.environ)'])
-CAN_UNSET_ENV = eval(child.output)
+CAN_UNSET_ENV = False
+if sys.executable:
+  os.environ['UNSET_VAR'] = 'X'
+  del os.environ['UNSET_VAR']
+  child = gtest_test_utils.Subprocess(
+      [sys.executable, '-c', 'import os; print \'UNSET_VAR\' not in os.environ'
+      ])
+  CAN_UNSET_ENV = eval(child.output)
 
 
 # Checks if we should test with an empty filter. This doesn't
@@ -97,7 +98,7 @@
 FILTER_FLAG = 'gtest_filter'
 
 # The command line flag for including disabled tests.
-ALSO_RUN_DISABED_TESTS_FLAG = 'gtest_also_run_disabled_tests'
+ALSO_RUN_DISABLED_TESTS_FLAG = 'gtest_also_run_disabled_tests'
 
 # Command to run the gtest_filter_unittest_ program.
 COMMAND = gtest_test_utils.GetTestExecutablePath('gtest_filter_unittest_')
@@ -246,14 +247,14 @@
     for slice_var in list_of_sets:
       full_partition.extend(slice_var)
     self.assertEqual(len(set_var), len(full_partition))
-    self.assertEqual(set(set_var), set(full_partition))
+    self.assertEqual(sets.Set(set_var), sets.Set(full_partition))
 
   def AdjustForParameterizedTests(self, tests_to_run):
     """Adjust tests_to_run in case value parameterized tests are disabled."""
 
     global param_tests_present
     if not param_tests_present:
-      return list(set(tests_to_run) - set(PARAM_TESTS))
+      return list(sets.Set(tests_to_run) - sets.Set(PARAM_TESTS))
     else:
       return tests_to_run
 
@@ -294,6 +295,7 @@
     Runs all shards of gtest_filter_unittest_ with the given filter, and
     verifies that the right set of tests were run. The union of tests run
     on each shard should be identical to tests_to_run, without duplicates.
+    If check_exit_0, .
 
     Args:
       gtest_filter: A filter to apply to the tests.
@@ -339,7 +341,7 @@
     tests_to_run = self.AdjustForParameterizedTests(tests_to_run)
 
     # Construct the command line.
-    args = ['--%s' % ALSO_RUN_DISABED_TESTS_FLAG]
+    args = ['--%s' % ALSO_RUN_DISABLED_TESTS_FLAG]
     if gtest_filter is not None:
       args.append('--%s=%s' % (FILTER_FLAG, gtest_filter))
 
diff --git a/googletest/test/gtest_json_outfiles_test.py b/googletest/test/gtest_json_outfiles_test.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..62ad18e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/googletest/test/gtest_json_outfiles_test.py
@@ -0,0 +1,163 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+# Copyright 2018, Google Inc.
+# All rights reserved.
+#
+# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+# met:
+#
+#     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+#     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+# copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+# in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+# distribution.
+#     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+# this software without specific prior written permission.
+#
+# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+# OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+# SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+# THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+"""Unit test for the gtest_json_output module."""
+
+import json
+import os
+import gtest_test_utils
+import gtest_json_test_utils
+
+
+GTEST_OUTPUT_SUBDIR = 'json_outfiles'
+GTEST_OUTPUT_1_TEST = 'gtest_xml_outfile1_test_'
+GTEST_OUTPUT_2_TEST = 'gtest_xml_outfile2_test_'
+
+EXPECTED_1 = {
+    u'tests': 1,
+    u'failures': 0,
+    u'disabled': 0,
+    u'errors': 0,
+    u'time': u'*',
+    u'timestamp': u'*',
+    u'name': u'AllTests',
+    u'testsuites': [{
+        u'name': u'PropertyOne',
+        u'tests': 1,
+        u'failures': 0,
+        u'disabled': 0,
+        u'errors': 0,
+        u'time': u'*',
+        u'testsuite': [{
+            u'name': u'TestSomeProperties',
+            u'status': u'RUN',
+            u'time': u'*',
+            u'classname': u'PropertyOne',
+            u'SetUpProp': u'1',
+            u'TestSomeProperty': u'1',
+            u'TearDownProp': u'1',
+        }],
+    }],
+}
+
+EXPECTED_2 = {
+    u'tests': 1,
+    u'failures': 0,
+    u'disabled': 0,
+    u'errors': 0,
+    u'time': u'*',
+    u'timestamp': u'*',
+    u'name': u'AllTests',
+    u'testsuites': [{
+        u'name': u'PropertyTwo',
+        u'tests': 1,
+        u'failures': 0,
+        u'disabled': 0,
+        u'errors': 0,
+        u'time': u'*',
+        u'testsuite': [{
+            u'name': u'TestSomeProperties',
+            u'status': u'RUN',
+            u'time': u'*',
+            u'classname': u'PropertyTwo',
+            u'SetUpProp': u'2',
+            u'TestSomeProperty': u'2',
+            u'TearDownProp': u'2',
+        }],
+    }],
+}
+
+
+class GTestJsonOutFilesTest(gtest_test_utils.TestCase):
+  """Unit test for Google Test's JSON output functionality."""
+
+  def setUp(self):
+    # We want the trailing '/' that the last "" provides in os.path.join, for
+    # telling Google Test to create an output directory instead of a single file
+    # for xml output.
+    self.output_dir_ = os.path.join(gtest_test_utils.GetTempDir(),
+                                    GTEST_OUTPUT_SUBDIR, '')
+    self.DeleteFilesAndDir()
+
+  def tearDown(self):
+    self.DeleteFilesAndDir()
+
+  def DeleteFilesAndDir(self):
+    try:
+      os.remove(os.path.join(self.output_dir_, GTEST_OUTPUT_1_TEST + '.json'))
+    except os.error:
+      pass
+    try:
+      os.remove(os.path.join(self.output_dir_, GTEST_OUTPUT_2_TEST + '.json'))
+    except os.error:
+      pass
+    try:
+      os.rmdir(self.output_dir_)
+    except os.error:
+      pass
+
+  def testOutfile1(self):
+    self._TestOutFile(GTEST_OUTPUT_1_TEST, EXPECTED_1)
+
+  def testOutfile2(self):
+    self._TestOutFile(GTEST_OUTPUT_2_TEST, EXPECTED_2)
+
+  def _TestOutFile(self, test_name, expected):
+    gtest_prog_path = gtest_test_utils.GetTestExecutablePath(test_name)
+    command = [gtest_prog_path, '--gtest_output=json:%s' % self.output_dir_]
+    p = gtest_test_utils.Subprocess(command,
+                                    working_dir=gtest_test_utils.GetTempDir())
+    self.assert_(p.exited)
+    self.assertEquals(0, p.exit_code)
+
+    # TODO(wan@google.com): libtool causes the built test binary to be
+    #   named lt-gtest_xml_outfiles_test_ instead of
+    #   gtest_xml_outfiles_test_.  To account for this possibility, we
+    #   allow both names in the following code.  We should remove this
+    #   hack when Chandler Carruth's libtool replacement tool is ready.
+    output_file_name1 = test_name + '.json'
+    output_file1 = os.path.join(self.output_dir_, output_file_name1)
+    output_file_name2 = 'lt-' + output_file_name1
+    output_file2 = os.path.join(self.output_dir_, output_file_name2)
+    self.assert_(os.path.isfile(output_file1) or os.path.isfile(output_file2),
+                 output_file1)
+
+    if os.path.isfile(output_file1):
+      with open(output_file1) as f:
+        actual = json.load(f)
+    else:
+      with open(output_file2) as f:
+        actual = json.load(f)
+    self.assertEqual(expected, gtest_json_test_utils.normalize(actual))
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+  os.environ['GTEST_STACK_TRACE_DEPTH'] = '0'
+  gtest_test_utils.Main()
diff --git a/googletest/test/gtest_json_output_unittest.py b/googletest/test/gtest_json_output_unittest.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4d23c3a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/googletest/test/gtest_json_output_unittest.py
@@ -0,0 +1,612 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+# Copyright 2018, Google Inc.
+# All rights reserved.
+#
+# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+# met:
+#
+#     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+#     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+# copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+# in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+# distribution.
+#     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+# this software without specific prior written permission.
+#
+# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+# OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+# SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+# THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+"""Unit test for the gtest_json_output module."""
+
+import datetime
+import errno
+import json
+import os
+import re
+import sys
+
+import gtest_test_utils
+import gtest_json_test_utils
+
+
+GTEST_FILTER_FLAG = '--gtest_filter'
+GTEST_LIST_TESTS_FLAG = '--gtest_list_tests'
+GTEST_OUTPUT_FLAG = '--gtest_output'
+GTEST_DEFAULT_OUTPUT_FILE = 'test_detail.json'
+GTEST_PROGRAM_NAME = 'gtest_xml_output_unittest_'
+
+SUPPORTS_STACK_TRACES = False
+
+if SUPPORTS_STACK_TRACES:
+  STACK_TRACE_TEMPLATE = '\nStack trace:\n*'
+else:
+  STACK_TRACE_TEMPLATE = ''
+
+EXPECTED_NON_EMPTY = {
+    u'tests': 23,
+    u'failures': 4,
+    u'disabled': 2,
+    u'errors': 0,
+    u'timestamp': u'*',
+    u'time': u'*',
+    u'ad_hoc_property': u'42',
+    u'name': u'AllTests',
+    u'testsuites': [
+        {
+            u'name': u'SuccessfulTest',
+            u'tests': 1,
+            u'failures': 0,
+            u'disabled': 0,
+            u'errors': 0,
+            u'time': u'*',
+            u'testsuite': [
+                {
+                    u'name': u'Succeeds',
+                    u'status': u'RUN',
+                    u'time': u'*',
+                    u'classname': u'SuccessfulTest'
+                }
+            ]
+        },
+        {
+            u'name': u'FailedTest',
+            u'tests': 1,
+            u'failures': 1,
+            u'disabled': 0,
+            u'errors': 0,
+            u'time': u'*',
+            u'testsuite': [
+                {
+                    u'name': u'Fails',
+                    u'status': u'RUN',
+                    u'time': u'*',
+                    u'classname': u'FailedTest',
+                    u'failures': [
+                        {
+                            u'failure':
+                                u'gtest_xml_output_unittest_.cc:*\n'
+                                u'Expected equality of these values:\n'
+                                u'  1\n  2' + STACK_TRACE_TEMPLATE,
+                            u'type': u''
+                        }
+                    ]
+                }
+            ]
+        },
+        {
+            u'name': u'DisabledTest',
+            u'tests': 1,
+            u'failures': 0,
+            u'disabled': 1,
+            u'errors': 0,
+            u'time': u'*',
+            u'testsuite': [
+                {
+                    u'name': u'DISABLED_test_not_run',
+                    u'status': u'NOTRUN',
+                    u'time': u'*',
+                    u'classname': u'DisabledTest'
+                }
+            ]
+        },
+        {
+            u'name': u'MixedResultTest',
+            u'tests': 3,
+            u'failures': 1,
+            u'disabled': 1,
+            u'errors': 0,
+            u'time': u'*',
+            u'testsuite': [
+                {
+                    u'name': u'Succeeds',
+                    u'status': u'RUN',
+                    u'time': u'*',
+                    u'classname': u'MixedResultTest'
+                },
+                {
+                    u'name': u'Fails',
+                    u'status': u'RUN',
+                    u'time': u'*',
+                    u'classname': u'MixedResultTest',
+                    u'failures': [
+                        {
+                            u'failure':
+                                u'gtest_xml_output_unittest_.cc:*\n'
+                                u'Expected equality of these values:\n'
+                                u'  1\n  2' + STACK_TRACE_TEMPLATE,
+                            u'type': u''
+                        },
+                        {
+                            u'failure':
+                                u'gtest_xml_output_unittest_.cc:*\n'
+                                u'Expected equality of these values:\n'
+                                u'  2\n  3' + STACK_TRACE_TEMPLATE,
+                            u'type': u''
+                        }
+                    ]
+                },
+                {
+                    u'name': u'DISABLED_test',
+                    u'status': u'NOTRUN',
+                    u'time': u'*',
+                    u'classname': u'MixedResultTest'
+                }
+            ]
+        },
+        {
+            u'name': u'XmlQuotingTest',
+            u'tests': 1,
+            u'failures': 1,
+            u'disabled': 0,
+            u'errors': 0,
+            u'time': u'*',
+            u'testsuite': [
+                {
+                    u'name': u'OutputsCData',
+                    u'status': u'RUN',
+                    u'time': u'*',
+                    u'classname': u'XmlQuotingTest',
+                    u'failures': [
+                        {
+                            u'failure':
+                                u'gtest_xml_output_unittest_.cc:*\n'
+                                u'Failed\nXML output: <?xml encoding="utf-8">'
+                                u'<top><![CDATA[cdata text]]></top>' +
+                                STACK_TRACE_TEMPLATE,
+                            u'type': u''
+                        }
+                    ]
+                }
+            ]
+        },
+        {
+            u'name': u'InvalidCharactersTest',
+            u'tests': 1,
+            u'failures': 1,
+            u'disabled': 0,
+            u'errors': 0,
+            u'time': u'*',
+            u'testsuite': [
+                {
+                    u'name': u'InvalidCharactersInMessage',
+                    u'status': u'RUN',
+                    u'time': u'*',
+                    u'classname': u'InvalidCharactersTest',
+                    u'failures': [
+                        {
+                            u'failure':
+                                u'gtest_xml_output_unittest_.cc:*\n'
+                                u'Failed\nInvalid characters in brackets'
+                                u' [\x01\x02]' + STACK_TRACE_TEMPLATE,
+                            u'type': u''
+                        }
+                    ]
+                }
+            ]
+        },
+        {
+            u'name': u'PropertyRecordingTest',
+            u'tests': 4,
+            u'failures': 0,
+            u'disabled': 0,
+            u'errors': 0,
+            u'time': u'*',
+            u'SetUpTestCase': u'yes',
+            u'TearDownTestCase': u'aye',
+            u'testsuite': [
+                {
+                    u'name': u'OneProperty',
+                    u'status': u'RUN',
+                    u'time': u'*',
+                    u'classname': u'PropertyRecordingTest',
+                    u'key_1': u'1'
+                },
+                {
+                    u'name': u'IntValuedProperty',
+                    u'status': u'RUN',
+                    u'time': u'*',
+                    u'classname': u'PropertyRecordingTest',
+                    u'key_int': u'1'
+                },
+                {
+                    u'name': u'ThreeProperties',
+                    u'status': u'RUN',
+                    u'time': u'*',
+                    u'classname': u'PropertyRecordingTest',
+                    u'key_1': u'1',
+                    u'key_2': u'2',
+                    u'key_3': u'3'
+                },
+                {
+                    u'name': u'TwoValuesForOneKeyUsesLastValue',
+                    u'status': u'RUN',
+                    u'time': u'*',
+                    u'classname': u'PropertyRecordingTest',
+                    u'key_1': u'2'
+                }
+            ]
+        },
+        {
+            u'name': u'NoFixtureTest',
+            u'tests': 3,
+            u'failures': 0,
+            u'disabled': 0,
+            u'errors': 0,
+            u'time': u'*',
+            u'testsuite': [
+                {
+                    u'name': u'RecordProperty',
+                    u'status': u'RUN',
+                    u'time': u'*',
+                    u'classname': u'NoFixtureTest',
+                    u'key': u'1'
+                },
+                {
+                    u'name': u'ExternalUtilityThatCallsRecordIntValuedProperty',
+                    u'status': u'RUN',
+                    u'time': u'*',
+                    u'classname': u'NoFixtureTest',
+                    u'key_for_utility_int': u'1'
+                },
+                {
+                    u'name':
+                        u'ExternalUtilityThatCallsRecordStringValuedProperty',
+                    u'status': u'RUN',
+                    u'time': u'*',
+                    u'classname': u'NoFixtureTest',
+                    u'key_for_utility_string': u'1'
+                }
+            ]
+        },
+        {
+            u'name': u'TypedTest/0',
+            u'tests': 1,
+            u'failures': 0,
+            u'disabled': 0,
+            u'errors': 0,
+            u'time': u'*',
+            u'testsuite': [
+                {
+                    u'name': u'HasTypeParamAttribute',
+                    u'type_param': u'int',
+                    u'status': u'RUN',
+                    u'time': u'*',
+                    u'classname': u'TypedTest/0'
+                }
+            ]
+        },
+        {
+            u'name': u'TypedTest/1',
+            u'tests': 1,
+            u'failures': 0,
+            u'disabled': 0,
+            u'errors': 0,
+            u'time': u'*',
+            u'testsuite': [
+                {
+                    u'name': u'HasTypeParamAttribute',
+                    u'type_param': u'long',
+                    u'status': u'RUN',
+                    u'time': u'*',
+                    u'classname': u'TypedTest/1'
+                }
+            ]
+        },
+        {
+            u'name': u'Single/TypeParameterizedTestCase/0',
+            u'tests': 1,
+            u'failures': 0,
+            u'disabled': 0,
+            u'errors': 0,
+            u'time': u'*',
+            u'testsuite': [
+                {
+                    u'name': u'HasTypeParamAttribute',
+                    u'type_param': u'int',
+                    u'status': u'RUN',
+                    u'time': u'*',
+                    u'classname': u'Single/TypeParameterizedTestCase/0'
+                }
+            ]
+        },
+        {
+            u'name': u'Single/TypeParameterizedTestCase/1',
+            u'tests': 1,
+            u'failures': 0,
+            u'disabled': 0,
+            u'errors': 0,
+            u'time': u'*',
+            u'testsuite': [
+                {
+                    u'name': u'HasTypeParamAttribute',
+                    u'type_param': u'long',
+                    u'status': u'RUN',
+                    u'time': u'*',
+                    u'classname': u'Single/TypeParameterizedTestCase/1'
+                }
+            ]
+        },
+        {
+            u'name': u'Single/ValueParamTest',
+            u'tests': 4,
+            u'failures': 0,
+            u'disabled': 0,
+            u'errors': 0,
+            u'time': u'*',
+            u'testsuite': [
+                {
+                    u'name': u'HasValueParamAttribute/0',
+                    u'value_param': u'33',
+                    u'status': u'RUN',
+                    u'time': u'*',
+                    u'classname': u'Single/ValueParamTest'
+                },
+                {
+                    u'name': u'HasValueParamAttribute/1',
+                    u'value_param': u'42',
+                    u'status': u'RUN',
+                    u'time': u'*',
+                    u'classname': u'Single/ValueParamTest'
+                },
+                {
+                    u'name': u'AnotherTestThatHasValueParamAttribute/0',
+                    u'value_param': u'33',
+                    u'status': u'RUN',
+                    u'time': u'*',
+                    u'classname': u'Single/ValueParamTest'
+                },
+                {
+                    u'name': u'AnotherTestThatHasValueParamAttribute/1',
+                    u'value_param': u'42',
+                    u'status': u'RUN',
+                    u'time': u'*',
+                    u'classname': u'Single/ValueParamTest'
+                }
+            ]
+        }
+    ]
+}
+
+EXPECTED_FILTERED = {
+    u'tests': 1,
+    u'failures': 0,
+    u'disabled': 0,
+    u'errors': 0,
+    u'time': u'*',
+    u'timestamp': u'*',
+    u'name': u'AllTests',
+    u'ad_hoc_property': u'42',
+    u'testsuites': [{
+        u'name': u'SuccessfulTest',
+        u'tests': 1,
+        u'failures': 0,
+        u'disabled': 0,
+        u'errors': 0,
+        u'time': u'*',
+        u'testsuite': [{
+            u'name': u'Succeeds',
+            u'status': u'RUN',
+            u'time': u'*',
+            u'classname': u'SuccessfulTest',
+        }]
+    }],
+}
+
+EXPECTED_EMPTY = {
+    u'tests': 0,
+    u'failures': 0,
+    u'disabled': 0,
+    u'errors': 0,
+    u'time': u'*',
+    u'timestamp': u'*',
+    u'name': u'AllTests',
+    u'testsuites': [],
+}
+
+GTEST_PROGRAM_PATH = gtest_test_utils.GetTestExecutablePath(GTEST_PROGRAM_NAME)
+
+SUPPORTS_TYPED_TESTS = 'TypedTest' in gtest_test_utils.Subprocess(
+    [GTEST_PROGRAM_PATH, GTEST_LIST_TESTS_FLAG], capture_stderr=False).output
+
+
+class GTestJsonOutputUnitTest(gtest_test_utils.TestCase):
+  """Unit test for Google Test's JSON output functionality.
+  """
+
+  # This test currently breaks on platforms that do not support typed and
+  # type-parameterized tests, so we don't run it under them.
+  if SUPPORTS_TYPED_TESTS:
+
+    def testNonEmptyJsonOutput(self):
+      """Verifies JSON output for a Google Test binary with non-empty output.
+
+      Runs a test program that generates a non-empty JSON output, and
+      tests that the JSON output is expected.
+      """
+      self._TestJsonOutput(GTEST_PROGRAM_NAME, EXPECTED_NON_EMPTY, 1)
+
+  def testEmptyJsonOutput(self):
+    """Verifies JSON output for a Google Test binary without actual tests.
+
+    Runs a test program that generates an empty JSON output, and
+    tests that the JSON output is expected.
+    """
+
+    self._TestJsonOutput('gtest_no_test_unittest', EXPECTED_EMPTY, 0)
+
+  def testTimestampValue(self):
+    """Checks whether the timestamp attribute in the JSON output is valid.
+
+    Runs a test program that generates an empty JSON output, and checks if
+    the timestamp attribute in the testsuites tag is valid.
+    """
+    actual = self._GetJsonOutput('gtest_no_test_unittest', [], 0)
+    date_time_str = actual['timestamp']
+    # datetime.strptime() is only available in Python 2.5+ so we have to
+    # parse the expected datetime manually.
+    match = re.match(r'(\d+)-(\d\d)-(\d\d)T(\d\d):(\d\d):(\d\d)', date_time_str)
+    self.assertTrue(
+        re.match,
+        'JSON datettime string %s has incorrect format' % date_time_str)
+    date_time_from_json = datetime.datetime(
+        year=int(match.group(1)), month=int(match.group(2)),
+        day=int(match.group(3)), hour=int(match.group(4)),
+        minute=int(match.group(5)), second=int(match.group(6)))
+
+    time_delta = abs(datetime.datetime.now() - date_time_from_json)
+    # timestamp value should be near the current local time
+    self.assertTrue(time_delta < datetime.timedelta(seconds=600),
+                    'time_delta is %s' % time_delta)
+
+  def testDefaultOutputFile(self):
+    """Verifies the default output file name.
+
+    Confirms that Google Test produces an JSON output file with the expected
+    default name if no name is explicitly specified.
+    """
+    output_file = os.path.join(gtest_test_utils.GetTempDir(),
+                               GTEST_DEFAULT_OUTPUT_FILE)
+    gtest_prog_path = gtest_test_utils.GetTestExecutablePath(
+        'gtest_no_test_unittest')
+    try:
+      os.remove(output_file)
+    except OSError:
+      e = sys.exc_info()[1]
+      if e.errno != errno.ENOENT:
+        raise
+
+    p = gtest_test_utils.Subprocess(
+        [gtest_prog_path, '%s=json' % GTEST_OUTPUT_FLAG],
+        working_dir=gtest_test_utils.GetTempDir())
+    self.assert_(p.exited)
+    self.assertEquals(0, p.exit_code)
+    self.assert_(os.path.isfile(output_file))
+
+  def testSuppressedJsonOutput(self):
+    """Verifies that no JSON output is generated.
+
+    Tests that no JSON file is generated if the default JSON listener is
+    shut down before RUN_ALL_TESTS is invoked.
+    """
+
+    json_path = os.path.join(gtest_test_utils.GetTempDir(),
+                             GTEST_PROGRAM_NAME + 'out.json')
+    if os.path.isfile(json_path):
+      os.remove(json_path)
+
+    command = [GTEST_PROGRAM_PATH,
+               '%s=json:%s' % (GTEST_OUTPUT_FLAG, json_path),
+               '--shut_down_xml']
+    p = gtest_test_utils.Subprocess(command)
+    if p.terminated_by_signal:
+      # p.signal is available only if p.terminated_by_signal is True.
+      self.assertFalse(
+          p.terminated_by_signal,
+          '%s was killed by signal %d' % (GTEST_PROGRAM_NAME, p.signal))
+    else:
+      self.assert_(p.exited)
+      self.assertEquals(1, p.exit_code,
+                        "'%s' exited with code %s, which doesn't match "
+                        'the expected exit code %s.'
+                        % (command, p.exit_code, 1))
+
+    self.assert_(not os.path.isfile(json_path))
+
+  def testFilteredTestJsonOutput(self):
+    """Verifies JSON output when a filter is applied.
+
+    Runs a test program that executes only some tests and verifies that
+    non-selected tests do not show up in the JSON output.
+    """
+
+    self._TestJsonOutput(GTEST_PROGRAM_NAME, EXPECTED_FILTERED, 0,
+                         extra_args=['%s=SuccessfulTest.*' % GTEST_FILTER_FLAG])
+
+  def _GetJsonOutput(self, gtest_prog_name, extra_args, expected_exit_code):
+    """Returns the JSON output generated by running the program gtest_prog_name.
+
+    Furthermore, the program's exit code must be expected_exit_code.
+
+    Args:
+      gtest_prog_name: Google Test binary name.
+      extra_args: extra arguments to binary invocation.
+      expected_exit_code: program's exit code.
+    """
+    json_path = os.path.join(gtest_test_utils.GetTempDir(),
+                             gtest_prog_name + 'out.json')
+    gtest_prog_path = gtest_test_utils.GetTestExecutablePath(gtest_prog_name)
+
+    command = (
+        [gtest_prog_path, '%s=json:%s' % (GTEST_OUTPUT_FLAG, json_path)] +
+        extra_args
+    )
+    p = gtest_test_utils.Subprocess(command)
+    if p.terminated_by_signal:
+      self.assert_(False,
+                   '%s was killed by signal %d' % (gtest_prog_name, p.signal))
+    else:
+      self.assert_(p.exited)
+      self.assertEquals(expected_exit_code, p.exit_code,
+                        "'%s' exited with code %s, which doesn't match "
+                        'the expected exit code %s.'
+                        % (command, p.exit_code, expected_exit_code))
+    with open(json_path) as f:
+      actual = json.load(f)
+    return actual
+
+  def _TestJsonOutput(self, gtest_prog_name, expected,
+                      expected_exit_code, extra_args=None):
+    """Checks the JSON output generated by the Google Test binary.
+
+    Asserts that the JSON document generated by running the program
+    gtest_prog_name matches expected_json, a string containing another
+    JSON document.  Furthermore, the program's exit code must be
+    expected_exit_code.
+
+    Args:
+      gtest_prog_name: Google Test binary name.
+      expected: expected output.
+      expected_exit_code: program's exit code.
+      extra_args: extra arguments to binary invocation.
+    """
+
+    actual = self._GetJsonOutput(gtest_prog_name, extra_args or [],
+                                 expected_exit_code)
+    self.assertEqual(expected, gtest_json_test_utils.normalize(actual))
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+  os.environ['GTEST_STACK_TRACE_DEPTH'] = '1'
+  gtest_test_utils.Main()
diff --git a/googletest/test/gtest_json_test_utils.py b/googletest/test/gtest_json_test_utils.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4ef5f6f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/googletest/test/gtest_json_test_utils.py
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+# Copyright 2018, Google Inc.
+# All rights reserved.
+#
+# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+# met:
+#
+#     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+#     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+# copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+# in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+# distribution.
+#     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+# this software without specific prior written permission.
+#
+# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+# OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+# SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+# THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+"""Unit test utilities for gtest_json_output."""
+
+import re
+
+
+def normalize(obj):
+  """Normalize output object.
+
+  Args:
+     obj: Google Test's JSON output object to normalize.
+
+  Returns:
+     Normalized output without any references to transient information that may
+     change from run to run.
+  """
+  def _normalize(key, value):
+    if key == 'time':
+      return re.sub(r'^\d+(\.\d+)?s$', u'*', value)
+    elif key == 'timestamp':
+      return re.sub(r'^\d{4}-\d\d-\d\dT\d\d:\d\d:\d\dZ$', '*', value)
+    elif key == 'failure':
+      value = re.sub(r'^.*[/\\](.*:)\d+\n', '\\1*\n', value)
+      return re.sub(r'Stack trace:\n(.|\n)*', 'Stack trace:\n*', value)
+    else:
+      return normalize(value)
+  if isinstance(obj, dict):
+    return {k: _normalize(k, v) for k, v in obj.items()}
+  if isinstance(obj, list):
+    return [normalize(x) for x in obj]
+  else:
+    return obj
diff --git a/googletest/test/gtest_list_tests_unittest.py b/googletest/test/gtest_list_tests_unittest.py
index f2d2fd1..ebf1a3c 100755
--- a/googletest/test/gtest_list_tests_unittest.py
+++ b/googletest/test/gtest_list_tests_unittest.py
@@ -39,9 +39,8 @@
 
 __author__ = 'phanna@google.com (Patrick Hanna)'
 
-import gtest_test_utils
 import re
-
+import gtest_test_utils
 
 # Constants.
 
@@ -123,6 +122,7 @@
 
 # The unit test.
 
+
 class GTestListTestsUnitTest(gtest_test_utils.TestCase):
   """Tests using the --gtest_list_tests flag to list all tests."""
 
diff --git a/googletest/test/gtest_main_unittest.cc b/googletest/test/gtest_main_unittest.cc
index ecd9bb8..c979fce 100644
--- a/googletest/test/gtest_main_unittest.cc
+++ b/googletest/test/gtest_main_unittest.cc
@@ -41,5 +41,5 @@
 
 }  // namespace
 
-// We are using the main() function defined in src/gtest_main.cc, so
-// we don't define it here.
+// We are using the main() function defined in gtest_main.cc, so we
+// don't define it here.
diff --git a/googletest/test/gtest_output_test.py b/googletest/test/gtest_output_test.py
index 06dbee0..e431653 100755
--- a/googletest/test/gtest_output_test.py
+++ b/googletest/test/gtest_output_test.py
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@
 
 """Tests the text output of Google C++ Testing Framework.
 
+
 SYNOPSIS
        gtest_output_test.py --build_dir=BUILD/DIR --gengolden
          # where BUILD/DIR contains the built gtest_output_test_ file.
@@ -51,6 +52,7 @@
 GENGOLDEN_FLAG = '--gengolden'
 CATCH_EXCEPTIONS_ENV_VAR_NAME = 'GTEST_CATCH_EXCEPTIONS'
 
+IS_LINUX = os.name == 'posix' and os.uname()[0] == 'Linux'
 IS_WINDOWS = os.name == 'nt'
 
 # TODO(vladl@google.com): remove the _lin suffix.
@@ -99,7 +101,8 @@
        'FILE_NAME:#: '.
   """
 
-  return re.sub(r'.*[/\\](.+)(\:\d+|\(\d+\))\: ', r'\1:#: ', test_output)
+  return re.sub(r'.*[/\\]((gtest_output_test_|gtest).cc)(\:\d+|\(\d+\))\: ',
+                r'\1:#: ', test_output)
 
 
 def RemoveStackTraceDetails(output):
@@ -249,11 +252,12 @@
 SUPPORTS_DEATH_TESTS = 'DeathTest' in test_list
 SUPPORTS_TYPED_TESTS = 'TypedTest' in test_list
 SUPPORTS_THREADS = 'ExpectFailureWithThreadsTest' in test_list
-SUPPORTS_STACK_TRACES = False
+SUPPORTS_STACK_TRACES = IS_LINUX
 
 CAN_GENERATE_GOLDEN_FILE = (SUPPORTS_DEATH_TESTS and
                             SUPPORTS_TYPED_TESTS and
                             SUPPORTS_THREADS and
+                            SUPPORTS_STACK_TRACES and
                             not IS_WINDOWS)
 
 class GTestOutputTest(gtest_test_utils.TestCase):
@@ -279,7 +283,7 @@
   def testOutput(self):
     output = GetOutputOfAllCommands()
 
-    golden_file = open(GOLDEN_PATH, 'r')
+    golden_file = open(GOLDEN_PATH, 'rb')
     # A mis-configured source control system can cause \r appear in EOL
     # sequences when we read the golden file irrespective of an operating
     # system used. Therefore, we need to strip those \r's from newlines
@@ -330,9 +334,9 @@
     else:
       message = (
           """Unable to write a golden file when compiled in an environment
-that does not support all the required features (death tests, typed tests,
-and multiple threads).  Please generate the golden file using a binary built
-with those features enabled.""")
+that does not support all the required features (death tests,
+typed tests, stack traces, and multiple threads).
+Please build this test and generate the golden file using Blaze on Linux.""")
 
       sys.stderr.write(message)
       sys.exit(1)
diff --git a/googletest/test/gtest_output_test_.cc b/googletest/test/gtest_output_test_.cc
index 0856cc7..9ae9dc6 100644
--- a/googletest/test/gtest_output_test_.cc
+++ b/googletest/test/gtest_output_test_.cc
@@ -37,15 +37,7 @@
 
 #include "gtest/gtest-spi.h"
 #include "gtest/gtest.h"
-
-// Indicates that this translation unit is part of Google Test's
-// implementation.  It must come before gtest-internal-inl.h is
-// included, or there will be a compiler error.  This trick is to
-// prevent a user from accidentally including gtest-internal-inl.h in
-// their code.
-#define GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_ 1
 #include "src/gtest-internal-inl.h"
-#undef GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_
 
 #include <stdlib.h>
 
@@ -176,6 +168,16 @@
   SubWithoutTrace(n);
 }
 
+TEST(SCOPED_TRACETest, AcceptedValues) {
+  SCOPED_TRACE("literal string");
+  SCOPED_TRACE(std::string("std::string"));
+  SCOPED_TRACE(1337);  // streamable type
+  const char* null_value = NULL;
+  SCOPED_TRACE(null_value);
+
+  ADD_FAILURE() << "Just checking that all these values work fine.";
+}
+
 // Tests that SCOPED_TRACE() obeys lexical scopes.
 TEST(SCOPED_TRACETest, ObeysScopes) {
   printf("(expected to fail)\n");
@@ -323,6 +325,13 @@
 }
 #endif  // GTEST_IS_THREADSAFE
 
+// Tests basic functionality of the ScopedTrace utility (most of its features
+// are already tested in SCOPED_TRACETest).
+TEST(ScopedTraceTest, WithExplicitFileAndLine) {
+  testing::ScopedTrace trace("explicit_file.cc", 123, "expected trace message");
+  ADD_FAILURE() << "Check that the trace is attached to a particular location.";
+}
+
 TEST(DisabledTestsWarningTest,
      DISABLED_AlsoRunDisabledTestsFlagSuppressesWarning) {
   // This test body is intentionally empty.  Its sole purpose is for
diff --git a/googletest/test/gtest_output_test_golden_lin.txt b/googletest/test/gtest_output_test_golden_lin.txt
index 677d9f4..cbcb720 100644
--- a/googletest/test/gtest_output_test_golden_lin.txt
+++ b/googletest/test/gtest_output_test_golden_lin.txt
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 Expected equality of these values:
   2
   3
-[0;32m[==========] [mRunning 66 tests from 29 test cases.
+[0;32m[==========] [mRunning 68 tests from 30 test cases.
 [0;32m[----------] [mGlobal test environment set-up.
 FooEnvironment::SetUp() called.
 BarEnvironment::SetUp() called.
@@ -95,7 +95,17 @@
 gtest_output_test_.cc:#: Failure
 Expected: (3) >= (a[i]), actual: 3 vs 6
 [0;31m[  FAILED  ] [mLoggingTest.InterleavingLoggingAndAssertions
-[0;32m[----------] [m6 tests from SCOPED_TRACETest
+[0;32m[----------] [m7 tests from SCOPED_TRACETest
+[0;32m[ RUN      ] [mSCOPED_TRACETest.AcceptedValues
+gtest_output_test_.cc:#: Failure
+Failed
+Just checking that all these values work fine.
+Google Test trace:
+gtest_output_test_.cc:#: (null)
+gtest_output_test_.cc:#: 1337
+gtest_output_test_.cc:#: std::string
+gtest_output_test_.cc:#: literal string
+[0;31m[  FAILED  ] [mSCOPED_TRACETest.AcceptedValues
 [0;32m[ RUN      ] [mSCOPED_TRACETest.ObeysScopes
 (expected to fail)
 gtest_output_test_.cc:#: Failure
@@ -212,6 +222,14 @@
 Failed
 Expected failure #6 (in thread A, no trace alive).
 [0;31m[  FAILED  ] [mSCOPED_TRACETest.WorksConcurrently
+[0;32m[----------] [m1 test from ScopedTraceTest
+[0;32m[ RUN      ] [mScopedTraceTest.WithExplicitFileAndLine
+gtest_output_test_.cc:#: Failure
+Failed
+Check that the trace is attached to a particular location.
+Google Test trace:
+explicit_file.cc:123: expected trace message
+[0;31m[  FAILED  ] [mScopedTraceTest.WithExplicitFileAndLine
 [0;32m[----------] [m1 test from NonFatalFailureInFixtureConstructorTest
 [0;32m[ RUN      ] [mNonFatalFailureInFixtureConstructorTest.FailureInConstructor
 (expecting 5 failures)
@@ -466,7 +484,7 @@
     Which is: '\0'
 Expected failure
 [0;31m[  FAILED  ] [mUnsigned/TypedTestP/0.Failure, where TypeParam = unsigned char
-[0;32m[----------] [m2 tests from Unsigned/TypedTestP/1, where TypeParam = unsigned int
+[0;32m[----------] [m2 tests from Unsigned/TypedTestP/1, where TypeParam = unsigned
 [0;32m[ RUN      ] [mUnsigned/TypedTestP/1.Success
 [0;32m[       OK ] [mUnsigned/TypedTestP/1.Success
 [0;32m[ RUN      ] [mUnsigned/TypedTestP/1.Failure
@@ -477,7 +495,7 @@
   TypeParam()
     Which is: 0
 Expected failure
-[0;31m[  FAILED  ] [mUnsigned/TypedTestP/1.Failure, where TypeParam = unsigned int
+[0;31m[  FAILED  ] [mUnsigned/TypedTestP/1.Failure, where TypeParam = unsigned
 [0;32m[----------] [m4 tests from ExpectFailureTest
 [0;32m[ RUN      ] [mExpectFailureTest.ExpectFatalFailure
 (expecting 1 failure)
@@ -636,21 +654,23 @@
 gtest_output_test_.cc:#: Failure
 Failed
 Expected fatal failure.
-[0;32m[==========] [m66 tests from 29 test cases ran.
+[0;32m[==========] [m68 tests from 30 test cases ran.
 [0;32m[  PASSED  ] [m22 tests.
-[0;31m[  FAILED  ] [m44 tests, listed below:
+[0;31m[  FAILED  ] [m46 tests, listed below:
 [0;31m[  FAILED  ] [mNonfatalFailureTest.EscapesStringOperands
 [0;31m[  FAILED  ] [mNonfatalFailureTest.DiffForLongStrings
 [0;31m[  FAILED  ] [mFatalFailureTest.FatalFailureInSubroutine
 [0;31m[  FAILED  ] [mFatalFailureTest.FatalFailureInNestedSubroutine
 [0;31m[  FAILED  ] [mFatalFailureTest.NonfatalFailureInSubroutine
 [0;31m[  FAILED  ] [mLoggingTest.InterleavingLoggingAndAssertions
+[0;31m[  FAILED  ] [mSCOPED_TRACETest.AcceptedValues
 [0;31m[  FAILED  ] [mSCOPED_TRACETest.ObeysScopes
 [0;31m[  FAILED  ] [mSCOPED_TRACETest.WorksInLoop
 [0;31m[  FAILED  ] [mSCOPED_TRACETest.WorksInSubroutine
 [0;31m[  FAILED  ] [mSCOPED_TRACETest.CanBeNested
 [0;31m[  FAILED  ] [mSCOPED_TRACETest.CanBeRepeated
 [0;31m[  FAILED  ] [mSCOPED_TRACETest.WorksConcurrently
+[0;31m[  FAILED  ] [mScopedTraceTest.WithExplicitFileAndLine
 [0;31m[  FAILED  ] [mNonFatalFailureInFixtureConstructorTest.FailureInConstructor
 [0;31m[  FAILED  ] [mFatalFailureInFixtureConstructorTest.FailureInConstructor
 [0;31m[  FAILED  ] [mNonFatalFailureInSetUpTest.FailureInSetUp
@@ -673,7 +693,7 @@
 [0;31m[  FAILED  ] [mExpectFatalFailureTest.FailsWhenStatementThrows
 [0;31m[  FAILED  ] [mTypedTest/0.Failure, where TypeParam = int
 [0;31m[  FAILED  ] [mUnsigned/TypedTestP/0.Failure, where TypeParam = unsigned char
-[0;31m[  FAILED  ] [mUnsigned/TypedTestP/1.Failure, where TypeParam = unsigned int
+[0;31m[  FAILED  ] [mUnsigned/TypedTestP/1.Failure, where TypeParam = unsigned
 [0;31m[  FAILED  ] [mExpectFailureTest.ExpectFatalFailure
 [0;31m[  FAILED  ] [mExpectFailureTest.ExpectNonFatalFailure
 [0;31m[  FAILED  ] [mExpectFailureTest.ExpectFatalFailureOnAllThreads
@@ -684,7 +704,7 @@
 [0;31m[  FAILED  ] [mPrintingFailingParams/FailingParamTest.Fails/0, where GetParam() = 2
 [0;31m[  FAILED  ] [mPrintingStrings/ParamTest.Failure/a, where GetParam() = "a"
 
-44 FAILED TESTS
+46 FAILED TESTS
 [0;33m  YOU HAVE 1 DISABLED TEST
 
 [mNote: Google Test filter = FatalFailureTest.*:LoggingTest.*
diff --git a/googletest/test/gtest_pred_impl_unittest.cc b/googletest/test/gtest_pred_impl_unittest.cc
index a84eff8..b466c15 100644
--- a/googletest/test/gtest_pred_impl_unittest.cc
+++ b/googletest/test/gtest_pred_impl_unittest.cc
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
 // (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
 // OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 
-// This file is AUTOMATICALLY GENERATED on 10/31/2011 by command
+// This file is AUTOMATICALLY GENERATED on 01/02/2018 by command
 // 'gen_gtest_pred_impl.py 5'.  DO NOT EDIT BY HAND!
 
 // Regression test for gtest_pred_impl.h
diff --git a/googletest/test/gtest_prod_test.cc b/googletest/test/gtest_prod_test.cc
index 060abce..dfb9998 100644
--- a/googletest/test/gtest_prod_test.cc
+++ b/googletest/test/gtest_prod_test.cc
@@ -29,10 +29,10 @@
 //
 // Author: wan@google.com (Zhanyong Wan)
 //
-// Unit test for include/gtest/gtest_prod.h.
+// Unit test for gtest/gtest_prod.h.
 
+#include "production.h"
 #include "gtest/gtest.h"
-#include "test/production.h"
 
 // Tests that private members can be accessed from a TEST declared as
 // a friend of the class.
diff --git a/googletest/test/gtest_repeat_test.cc b/googletest/test/gtest_repeat_test.cc
index 7a36164..3171604 100644
--- a/googletest/test/gtest_repeat_test.cc
+++ b/googletest/test/gtest_repeat_test.cc
@@ -34,15 +34,7 @@
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <iostream>
 #include "gtest/gtest.h"
-
-// Indicates that this translation unit is part of Google Test's
-// implementation.  It must come before gtest-internal-inl.h is
-// included, or there will be a compiler error.  This trick is to
-// prevent a user from accidentally including gtest-internal-inl.h in
-// their code.
-#define GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_ 1
 #include "src/gtest-internal-inl.h"
-#undef GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_
 
 namespace testing {
 
@@ -75,7 +67,7 @@
 
 
 // Used for verifying that global environment set-up and tear-down are
-// inside the gtest_repeat loop.
+// inside the --gtest_repeat loop.
 
 int g_environment_set_up_count = 0;
 int g_environment_tear_down_count = 0;
@@ -218,6 +210,7 @@
 
 int main(int argc, char **argv) {
   testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
+
   testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment(new MyEnvironment);
 
   TestRepeatUnspecified();
diff --git a/googletest/test/gtest_stress_test.cc b/googletest/test/gtest_stress_test.cc
index e7daa43..cac405f 100644
--- a/googletest/test/gtest_stress_test.cc
+++ b/googletest/test/gtest_stress_test.cc
@@ -34,15 +34,9 @@
 
 #include "gtest/gtest.h"
 
-#include <iostream>
 #include <vector>
 
-// We must define this macro in order to #include
-// gtest-internal-inl.h.  This is how Google Test prevents a user from
-// accidentally depending on its internal implementation.
-#define GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_ 1
 #include "src/gtest-internal-inl.h"
-#undef GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_
 
 #if GTEST_IS_THREADSAFE
 
diff --git a/googletest/test/gtest_test_utils.py b/googletest/test/gtest_test_utils.py
index d2b6748..cc4ba64 100755
--- a/googletest/test/gtest_test_utils.py
+++ b/googletest/test/gtest_test_utils.py
@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python
-#
 # Copyright 2006, Google Inc.
 # All rights reserved.
 #
@@ -30,19 +28,24 @@
 # OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 
 """Unit test utilities for Google C++ Testing Framework."""
+# Suppresses the 'Import not at the top of the file' lint complaint.
+# pylint: disable-msg=C6204
 
 __author__ = 'wan@google.com (Zhanyong Wan)'
 
-import atexit
 import os
-import shutil
 import sys
+
+IS_LINUX = os.name == 'posix' and os.uname()[0] == 'Linux'
+IS_WINDOWS = os.name == 'nt'
+IS_CYGWIN = os.name == 'posix' and 'CYGWIN' in os.uname()[0]
+
+import atexit
+import shutil
 import tempfile
 import unittest
 _test_module = unittest
 
-# Suppresses the 'Import not at the top of the file' lint complaint.
-# pylint: disable-msg=C6204
 try:
   import subprocess
   _SUBPROCESS_MODULE_AVAILABLE = True
@@ -53,9 +56,6 @@
 
 GTEST_OUTPUT_VAR_NAME = 'GTEST_OUTPUT'
 
-IS_WINDOWS = os.name == 'nt'
-IS_CYGWIN = os.name == 'posix' and 'CYGWIN' in os.uname()[0]
-
 # The environment variable for specifying the path to the premature-exit file.
 PREMATURE_EXIT_FILE_ENV_VAR = 'TEST_PREMATURE_EXIT_FILE'
 
@@ -145,8 +145,6 @@
 
 
 def GetTempDir():
-  """Returns a directory for temporary files."""
-
   global _temp_dir
   if not _temp_dir:
     _temp_dir = tempfile.mkdtemp()
@@ -178,7 +176,7 @@
         'Unable to find the test binary "%s". Please make sure to provide\n'
         'a path to the binary via the --build_dir flag or the BUILD_DIR\n'
         'environment variable.' % path)
-    sys.stdout.write(message)
+    print >> sys.stderr, message
     sys.exit(1)
 
   return path
@@ -229,7 +227,7 @@
                                combined in a string.
     """
 
-    # The subprocess module is the preferrable way of running programs
+    # The subprocess module is the preferable way of running programs
     # since it is available and behaves consistently on all platforms,
     # including Windows. But it is only available starting in python 2.4.
     # In earlier python versions, we revert to the popen2 module, which is
diff --git a/googletest/test/gtest_throw_on_failure_test.py b/googletest/test/gtest_throw_on_failure_test.py
index 3e7740c..5678ffe 100755
--- a/googletest/test/gtest_throw_on_failure_test.py
+++ b/googletest/test/gtest_throw_on_failure_test.py
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@
 def Run(command):
   """Runs a command; returns True/False if its exit code is/isn't 0."""
 
-  print('Running "%s". . .' % ' '.join(command))
+  print 'Running "%s". . .' % ' '.join(command)
   p = gtest_test_utils.Subprocess(command)
   return p.exited and p.exit_code == 0
 
diff --git a/googletest/test/gtest_uninitialized_test.py b/googletest/test/gtest_uninitialized_test.py
index 4358370..574db77 100755
--- a/googletest/test/gtest_uninitialized_test.py
+++ b/googletest/test/gtest_uninitialized_test.py
@@ -33,9 +33,9 @@
 
 __author__ = 'wan@google.com (Zhanyong Wan)'
 
+import os
 import gtest_test_utils
 
-
 COMMAND = gtest_test_utils.GetTestExecutablePath('gtest_uninitialized_test_')
 
 
@@ -46,8 +46,8 @@
 
 def AssertEq(expected, actual):
   if expected != actual:
-    print('Expected: %s' % (expected,))
-    print('  Actual: %s' % (actual,))
+    print 'Expected: %s' % (expected,)
+    print '  Actual: %s' % (actual,)
     raise AssertionError
 
 
@@ -56,8 +56,8 @@
 
   # Verifies that 'command' exits with code 1.
   p = gtest_test_utils.Subprocess(command)
-  Assert(p.exited)
-  AssertEq(1, p.exit_code)
+  if p.exited and p.exit_code == 0:
+    Assert('IMPORTANT NOTICE' in p.output);
   Assert('InitGoogleTest' in p.output)
 
 
diff --git a/googletest/test/gtest_uninitialized_test_.cc b/googletest/test/gtest_uninitialized_test_.cc
index 4431698..2ba0e8b 100644
--- a/googletest/test/gtest_uninitialized_test_.cc
+++ b/googletest/test/gtest_uninitialized_test_.cc
@@ -34,8 +34,8 @@
 TEST(DummyTest, Dummy) {
   // This test doesn't verify anything.  We just need it to create a
   // realistic stage for testing the behavior of Google Test when
-  // RUN_ALL_TESTS() is called without testing::InitGoogleTest() being
-  // called first.
+  // RUN_ALL_TESTS() is called without
+  // testing::InitGoogleTest() being called first.
 }
 
 int main() {
diff --git a/googletest/test/gtest_unittest.cc b/googletest/test/gtest_unittest.cc
index e4f743b..11af9c9 100644
--- a/googletest/test/gtest_unittest.cc
+++ b/googletest/test/gtest_unittest.cc
@@ -34,9 +34,9 @@
 
 #include "gtest/gtest.h"
 
-// Verifies that the command line flag variables can be accessed
-// in code once <gtest/gtest.h> has been #included.
-// Do not move it after other #includes.
+// Verifies that the command line flag variables can be accessed in
+// code once "gtest/gtest.h" has been
+// #included.  Do not move it after other gtest #includes.
 TEST(CommandLineFlagsTest, CanBeAccessedInCodeOnceGTestHIsIncluded) {
   bool dummy = testing::GTEST_FLAG(also_run_disabled_tests)
       || testing::GTEST_FLAG(break_on_failure)
@@ -66,15 +66,7 @@
 #include <ostream>
 
 #include "gtest/gtest-spi.h"
-
-// Indicates that this translation unit is part of Google Test's
-// implementation.  It must come before gtest-internal-inl.h is
-// included, or there will be a compiler error.  This trick is to
-// prevent a user from accidentally including gtest-internal-inl.h in
-// their code.
-#define GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_ 1
 #include "src/gtest-internal-inl.h"
-#undef GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_
 
 namespace testing {
 namespace internal {
@@ -546,7 +538,7 @@
 
   // 101 0111 0110 => 110-10101 10-110110
   // Some compilers (e.g., GCC on MinGW) cannot handle non-ASCII codepoints
-  // in wide strings and wide chars. In order to accomodate them, we have to
+  // in wide strings and wide chars. In order to accommodate them, we have to
   // introduce such character constants as integers.
   EXPECT_EQ("\xD5\xB6",
             CodePointToUtf8(static_cast<wchar_t>(0x576)));
@@ -1787,7 +1779,7 @@
 }
 
 // Tests that Int32FromEnvOrDie() aborts with an error message
-// if the variable cannot be represnted by an Int32.
+// if the variable cannot be represented by an Int32.
 TEST(Int32FromEnvOrDieDeathTest, AbortsOnInt32Overflow) {
   SetEnv(GTEST_FLAG_PREFIX_UPPER_ "VAR", "1234567891234567891234");
   EXPECT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED(
@@ -2096,7 +2088,7 @@
 };
 
 // This will test property recording outside of any test or test case.
-Environment* record_property_env GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED_ =
+static Environment* record_property_env =
     AddGlobalTestEnvironment(new UnitTestRecordPropertyTestEnvironment);
 
 // This group of tests is for predicate assertions (ASSERT_PRED*, etc)
@@ -2429,9 +2421,8 @@
   const char p2[] = "good";
   ASSERT_STREQ(p1, p2);
 
-  EXPECT_FATAL_FAILURE(
-      ASSERT_STREQ("bad", "good"),
-      "Expected equality of these values:\n  \"bad\"\n  \"good\"");
+  EXPECT_FATAL_FAILURE(ASSERT_STREQ("bad", "good"),
+                       "  \"bad\"\n  \"good\"");
 }
 
 // Tests ASSERT_STREQ with NULL arguments.
@@ -3369,7 +3360,7 @@
 
   void DoAssertNoFatalFailureOnFails() {
     ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(Fails());
-    ADD_FAILURE() << "shold not reach here.";
+    ADD_FAILURE() << "should not reach here.";
   }
 
   void DoExpectNoFatalFailureOnFails() {
@@ -3666,7 +3657,7 @@
 }
 
 #ifdef __BORLANDC__
-// Restores warnings after previous "#pragma option push" supressed them
+// Restores warnings after previous "#pragma option push" suppressed them
 # pragma option pop
 #endif
 
@@ -3821,7 +3812,7 @@
 // Tests calling a test subroutine that's not part of a fixture.
 TEST(AssertionTest, NonFixtureSubroutine) {
   EXPECT_FATAL_FAILURE(TestEq1(2),
-                       "Which is: 2");
+                       "  x\n    Which is: 2");
 }
 
 // An uncopyable class.
@@ -3960,13 +3951,13 @@
 
   // ICE's in C++Builder.
   EXPECT_FATAL_FAILURE(ASSERT_EQ(kCaseA, kCaseB),
-                       "kCaseB");
+                       "  kCaseB\n    Which is: ");
   EXPECT_FATAL_FAILURE(ASSERT_EQ(kCaseA, kCaseC),
-                       "Which is: 42");
+                       "\n    Which is: 42");
 # endif
 
   EXPECT_FATAL_FAILURE(ASSERT_EQ(kCaseA, kCaseC),
-                       "Which is: -1");
+                       "\n    Which is: -1");
 }
 
 #endif  // !GTEST_OS_MAC && !defined(__SUNPRO_CC)
@@ -4392,7 +4383,7 @@
 }
 
 #ifdef __BORLANDC__
-// Restores warnings after previous "#pragma option push" supressed them
+// Restores warnings after previous "#pragma option push" suppressed them
 # pragma option pop
 #endif
 
@@ -4434,7 +4425,7 @@
   // A failure.
   int n = 0;
   EXPECT_NONFATAL_FAILURE(EXPECT_EQ(NULL, &n),
-                          "&n\n");
+                          "  &n\n    Which is:");
 }
 #endif  // GTEST_CAN_COMPARE_NULL
 
@@ -4450,7 +4441,7 @@
 
   // A failure.
   EXPECT_NONFATAL_FAILURE(EXPECT_EQ(0, 5.6),
-                          "Expected equality of these values:\n  0\n  5.6");
+                          "  0\n  5.6");
 }
 
 // Tests EXPECT_NE.
@@ -4550,7 +4541,7 @@
 TEST(ExpectTest, ExpectPrecedence) {
   EXPECT_EQ(1 < 2, true);
   EXPECT_NONFATAL_FAILURE(EXPECT_EQ(true, true && false),
-                          "true && false");
+                          "  true && false\n    Which is: false");
 }
 
 
@@ -4697,14 +4688,14 @@
   EXPECT_FATAL_FAILURE({
       bool false_value = false;
       ASSERT_EQ(false_value, true);
-    }, "Which is: false");
+    }, "  false_value\n    Which is: false\n  true");
 }
 
 // Tests using int values in {EXPECT|ASSERT}_EQ.
 TEST(EqAssertionTest, Int) {
   ASSERT_EQ(32, 32);
   EXPECT_NONFATAL_FAILURE(EXPECT_EQ(32, 33),
-                          "33");
+                          "  32\n  33");
 }
 
 // Tests using time_t values in {EXPECT|ASSERT}_EQ.
@@ -4721,9 +4712,9 @@
   ASSERT_EQ('z', 'z');
   const char ch = 'b';
   EXPECT_NONFATAL_FAILURE(EXPECT_EQ('\0', ch),
-                          "ch");
+                          "  ch\n    Which is: 'b'");
   EXPECT_NONFATAL_FAILURE(EXPECT_EQ('a', ch),
-                          "ch");
+                          "  ch\n    Which is: 'b'");
 }
 
 // Tests using wchar_t values in {EXPECT|ASSERT}_EQ.
@@ -4743,7 +4734,7 @@
                           "wchar");
   wchar = 0x8119;
   EXPECT_FATAL_FAILURE(ASSERT_EQ(static_cast<wchar_t>(0x8120), wchar),
-                       "wchar");
+                       "  wchar\n    Which is: L'");
 }
 
 // Tests using ::std::string values in {EXPECT|ASSERT}_EQ.
@@ -4772,8 +4763,7 @@
   static ::std::string str3(str1);
   str3.at(2) = '\0';
   EXPECT_FATAL_FAILURE(ASSERT_EQ(str1, str3),
-                       "  str3\n"
-                       "    Which is: \"A \\0 in the middle\"");
+                       "  str3\n    Which is: \"A \\0 in the middle\"");
 }
 
 #if GTEST_HAS_STD_WSTRING
@@ -4893,9 +4883,9 @@
   ASSERT_EQ(p1, p1);
 
   EXPECT_NONFATAL_FAILURE(EXPECT_EQ(p0, p2),
-                          "p2");
+                          "  p2\n    Which is:");
   EXPECT_NONFATAL_FAILURE(EXPECT_EQ(p1, p2),
-                          "p2");
+                          "  p2\n    Which is:");
   EXPECT_FATAL_FAILURE(ASSERT_EQ(reinterpret_cast<char*>(0x1234),
                                  reinterpret_cast<char*>(0xABC0)),
                        "ABC0");
@@ -4915,9 +4905,9 @@
   EXPECT_EQ(p0, p0);
 
   EXPECT_NONFATAL_FAILURE(EXPECT_EQ(p0, p2),
-                          "p2");
+                          "  p2\n    Which is:");
   EXPECT_NONFATAL_FAILURE(EXPECT_EQ(p1, p2),
-                          "p2");
+                          "  p2\n    Which is:");
   void* pv3 = (void*)0x1234;  // NOLINT
   void* pv4 = (void*)0xABC0;  // NOLINT
   const wchar_t* p3 = reinterpret_cast<const wchar_t*>(pv3);
@@ -5462,7 +5452,8 @@
   EXPECT_STREQ("123", shared_resource_);
 }
 
-// The InitGoogleTestTest test case tests testing::InitGoogleTest().
+
+// The ParseFlagsTest test case tests ParseGoogleTestFlagsOnly.
 
 // The Flags struct stores a copy of all Google Test flags.
 struct Flags {
@@ -5548,8 +5539,8 @@
     return flags;
   }
 
-  // Creates a Flags struct where the gtest_random_seed flag has
-  // the given value.
+  // Creates a Flags struct where the gtest_random_seed flag has the given
+  // value.
   static Flags RandomSeed(Int32 random_seed) {
     Flags flags;
     flags.random_seed = random_seed;
@@ -5564,8 +5555,8 @@
     return flags;
   }
 
-  // Creates a Flags struct where the gtest_shuffle flag has
-  // the given value.
+  // Creates a Flags struct where the gtest_shuffle flag has the given
+  // value.
   static Flags Shuffle(bool shuffle) {
     Flags flags;
     flags.shuffle = shuffle;
@@ -5613,8 +5604,8 @@
   bool throw_on_failure;
 };
 
-// Fixture for testing InitGoogleTest().
-class InitGoogleTestTest : public Test {
+// Fixture for testing ParseGoogleTestFlagsOnly().
+class ParseFlagsTest : public Test {
  protected:
   // Clears the flags before each test.
   virtual void SetUp() {
@@ -5675,16 +5666,16 @@
     const bool saved_help_flag = ::testing::internal::g_help_flag;
     ::testing::internal::g_help_flag = false;
 
-#if GTEST_HAS_STREAM_REDIRECTION
+# if GTEST_HAS_STREAM_REDIRECTION
     CaptureStdout();
-#endif
+# endif
 
     // Parses the command line.
     internal::ParseGoogleTestFlagsOnly(&argc1, const_cast<CharType**>(argv1));
 
-#if GTEST_HAS_STREAM_REDIRECTION
+# if GTEST_HAS_STREAM_REDIRECTION
     const std::string captured_stdout = GetCapturedStdout();
-#endif
+# endif
 
     // Verifies the flag values.
     CheckFlags(expected);
@@ -5697,7 +5688,7 @@
     // help message for the flags it recognizes.
     EXPECT_EQ(should_print_help, ::testing::internal::g_help_flag);
 
-#if GTEST_HAS_STREAM_REDIRECTION
+# if GTEST_HAS_STREAM_REDIRECTION
     const char* const expected_help_fragment =
         "This program contains tests written using";
     if (should_print_help) {
@@ -5706,7 +5697,7 @@
       EXPECT_PRED_FORMAT2(IsNotSubstring,
                           expected_help_fragment, captured_stdout);
     }
-#endif  // GTEST_HAS_STREAM_REDIRECTION
+# endif  // GTEST_HAS_STREAM_REDIRECTION
 
     ::testing::internal::g_help_flag = saved_help_flag;
   }
@@ -5714,14 +5705,14 @@
   // This macro wraps TestParsingFlags s.t. the user doesn't need
   // to specify the array sizes.
 
-#define GTEST_TEST_PARSING_FLAGS_(argv1, argv2, expected, should_print_help) \
+# define GTEST_TEST_PARSING_FLAGS_(argv1, argv2, expected, should_print_help) \
   TestParsingFlags(sizeof(argv1)/sizeof(*argv1) - 1, argv1, \
                    sizeof(argv2)/sizeof(*argv2) - 1, argv2, \
                    expected, should_print_help)
 };
 
 // Tests parsing an empty command line.
-TEST_F(InitGoogleTestTest, Empty) {
+TEST_F(ParseFlagsTest, Empty) {
   const char* argv[] = {
     NULL
   };
@@ -5734,7 +5725,7 @@
 }
 
 // Tests parsing a command line that has no flag.
-TEST_F(InitGoogleTestTest, NoFlag) {
+TEST_F(ParseFlagsTest, NoFlag) {
   const char* argv[] = {
     "foo.exe",
     NULL
@@ -5749,7 +5740,7 @@
 }
 
 // Tests parsing a bad --gtest_filter flag.
-TEST_F(InitGoogleTestTest, FilterBad) {
+TEST_F(ParseFlagsTest, FilterBad) {
   const char* argv[] = {
     "foo.exe",
     "--gtest_filter",
@@ -5766,7 +5757,7 @@
 }
 
 // Tests parsing an empty --gtest_filter flag.
-TEST_F(InitGoogleTestTest, FilterEmpty) {
+TEST_F(ParseFlagsTest, FilterEmpty) {
   const char* argv[] = {
     "foo.exe",
     "--gtest_filter=",
@@ -5782,7 +5773,7 @@
 }
 
 // Tests parsing a non-empty --gtest_filter flag.
-TEST_F(InitGoogleTestTest, FilterNonEmpty) {
+TEST_F(ParseFlagsTest, FilterNonEmpty) {
   const char* argv[] = {
     "foo.exe",
     "--gtest_filter=abc",
@@ -5798,7 +5789,7 @@
 }
 
 // Tests parsing --gtest_break_on_failure.
-TEST_F(InitGoogleTestTest, BreakOnFailureWithoutValue) {
+TEST_F(ParseFlagsTest, BreakOnFailureWithoutValue) {
   const char* argv[] = {
     "foo.exe",
     "--gtest_break_on_failure",
@@ -5814,7 +5805,7 @@
 }
 
 // Tests parsing --gtest_break_on_failure=0.
-TEST_F(InitGoogleTestTest, BreakOnFailureFalse_0) {
+TEST_F(ParseFlagsTest, BreakOnFailureFalse_0) {
   const char* argv[] = {
     "foo.exe",
     "--gtest_break_on_failure=0",
@@ -5830,7 +5821,7 @@
 }
 
 // Tests parsing --gtest_break_on_failure=f.
-TEST_F(InitGoogleTestTest, BreakOnFailureFalse_f) {
+TEST_F(ParseFlagsTest, BreakOnFailureFalse_f) {
   const char* argv[] = {
     "foo.exe",
     "--gtest_break_on_failure=f",
@@ -5846,7 +5837,7 @@
 }
 
 // Tests parsing --gtest_break_on_failure=F.
-TEST_F(InitGoogleTestTest, BreakOnFailureFalse_F) {
+TEST_F(ParseFlagsTest, BreakOnFailureFalse_F) {
   const char* argv[] = {
     "foo.exe",
     "--gtest_break_on_failure=F",
@@ -5863,7 +5854,7 @@
 
 // Tests parsing a --gtest_break_on_failure flag that has a "true"
 // definition.
-TEST_F(InitGoogleTestTest, BreakOnFailureTrue) {
+TEST_F(ParseFlagsTest, BreakOnFailureTrue) {
   const char* argv[] = {
     "foo.exe",
     "--gtest_break_on_failure=1",
@@ -5879,7 +5870,7 @@
 }
 
 // Tests parsing --gtest_catch_exceptions.
-TEST_F(InitGoogleTestTest, CatchExceptions) {
+TEST_F(ParseFlagsTest, CatchExceptions) {
   const char* argv[] = {
     "foo.exe",
     "--gtest_catch_exceptions",
@@ -5895,7 +5886,7 @@
 }
 
 // Tests parsing --gtest_death_test_use_fork.
-TEST_F(InitGoogleTestTest, DeathTestUseFork) {
+TEST_F(ParseFlagsTest, DeathTestUseFork) {
   const char* argv[] = {
     "foo.exe",
     "--gtest_death_test_use_fork",
@@ -5912,7 +5903,7 @@
 
 // Tests having the same flag twice with different values.  The
 // expected behavior is that the one coming last takes precedence.
-TEST_F(InitGoogleTestTest, DuplicatedFlags) {
+TEST_F(ParseFlagsTest, DuplicatedFlags) {
   const char* argv[] = {
     "foo.exe",
     "--gtest_filter=a",
@@ -5929,7 +5920,7 @@
 }
 
 // Tests having an unrecognized flag on the command line.
-TEST_F(InitGoogleTestTest, UnrecognizedFlag) {
+TEST_F(ParseFlagsTest, UnrecognizedFlag) {
   const char* argv[] = {
     "foo.exe",
     "--gtest_break_on_failure",
@@ -5951,7 +5942,7 @@
 }
 
 // Tests having a --gtest_list_tests flag
-TEST_F(InitGoogleTestTest, ListTestsFlag) {
+TEST_F(ParseFlagsTest, ListTestsFlag) {
     const char* argv[] = {
       "foo.exe",
       "--gtest_list_tests",
@@ -5967,7 +5958,7 @@
 }
 
 // Tests having a --gtest_list_tests flag with a "true" value
-TEST_F(InitGoogleTestTest, ListTestsTrue) {
+TEST_F(ParseFlagsTest, ListTestsTrue) {
     const char* argv[] = {
       "foo.exe",
       "--gtest_list_tests=1",
@@ -5983,7 +5974,7 @@
 }
 
 // Tests having a --gtest_list_tests flag with a "false" value
-TEST_F(InitGoogleTestTest, ListTestsFalse) {
+TEST_F(ParseFlagsTest, ListTestsFalse) {
     const char* argv[] = {
       "foo.exe",
       "--gtest_list_tests=0",
@@ -5999,7 +5990,7 @@
 }
 
 // Tests parsing --gtest_list_tests=f.
-TEST_F(InitGoogleTestTest, ListTestsFalse_f) {
+TEST_F(ParseFlagsTest, ListTestsFalse_f) {
   const char* argv[] = {
     "foo.exe",
     "--gtest_list_tests=f",
@@ -6015,7 +6006,7 @@
 }
 
 // Tests parsing --gtest_list_tests=F.
-TEST_F(InitGoogleTestTest, ListTestsFalse_F) {
+TEST_F(ParseFlagsTest, ListTestsFalse_F) {
   const char* argv[] = {
     "foo.exe",
     "--gtest_list_tests=F",
@@ -6031,7 +6022,7 @@
 }
 
 // Tests parsing --gtest_output (invalid).
-TEST_F(InitGoogleTestTest, OutputEmpty) {
+TEST_F(ParseFlagsTest, OutputEmpty) {
   const char* argv[] = {
     "foo.exe",
     "--gtest_output",
@@ -6048,7 +6039,7 @@
 }
 
 // Tests parsing --gtest_output=xml
-TEST_F(InitGoogleTestTest, OutputXml) {
+TEST_F(ParseFlagsTest, OutputXml) {
   const char* argv[] = {
     "foo.exe",
     "--gtest_output=xml",
@@ -6064,7 +6055,7 @@
 }
 
 // Tests parsing --gtest_output=xml:file
-TEST_F(InitGoogleTestTest, OutputXmlFile) {
+TEST_F(ParseFlagsTest, OutputXmlFile) {
   const char* argv[] = {
     "foo.exe",
     "--gtest_output=xml:file",
@@ -6080,7 +6071,7 @@
 }
 
 // Tests parsing --gtest_output=xml:directory/path/
-TEST_F(InitGoogleTestTest, OutputXmlDirectory) {
+TEST_F(ParseFlagsTest, OutputXmlDirectory) {
   const char* argv[] = {
     "foo.exe",
     "--gtest_output=xml:directory/path/",
@@ -6097,7 +6088,7 @@
 }
 
 // Tests having a --gtest_print_time flag
-TEST_F(InitGoogleTestTest, PrintTimeFlag) {
+TEST_F(ParseFlagsTest, PrintTimeFlag) {
     const char* argv[] = {
       "foo.exe",
       "--gtest_print_time",
@@ -6113,7 +6104,7 @@
 }
 
 // Tests having a --gtest_print_time flag with a "true" value
-TEST_F(InitGoogleTestTest, PrintTimeTrue) {
+TEST_F(ParseFlagsTest, PrintTimeTrue) {
     const char* argv[] = {
       "foo.exe",
       "--gtest_print_time=1",
@@ -6129,7 +6120,7 @@
 }
 
 // Tests having a --gtest_print_time flag with a "false" value
-TEST_F(InitGoogleTestTest, PrintTimeFalse) {
+TEST_F(ParseFlagsTest, PrintTimeFalse) {
     const char* argv[] = {
       "foo.exe",
       "--gtest_print_time=0",
@@ -6145,7 +6136,7 @@
 }
 
 // Tests parsing --gtest_print_time=f.
-TEST_F(InitGoogleTestTest, PrintTimeFalse_f) {
+TEST_F(ParseFlagsTest, PrintTimeFalse_f) {
   const char* argv[] = {
     "foo.exe",
     "--gtest_print_time=f",
@@ -6161,7 +6152,7 @@
 }
 
 // Tests parsing --gtest_print_time=F.
-TEST_F(InitGoogleTestTest, PrintTimeFalse_F) {
+TEST_F(ParseFlagsTest, PrintTimeFalse_F) {
   const char* argv[] = {
     "foo.exe",
     "--gtest_print_time=F",
@@ -6177,7 +6168,7 @@
 }
 
 // Tests parsing --gtest_random_seed=number
-TEST_F(InitGoogleTestTest, RandomSeed) {
+TEST_F(ParseFlagsTest, RandomSeed) {
   const char* argv[] = {
     "foo.exe",
     "--gtest_random_seed=1000",
@@ -6193,7 +6184,7 @@
 }
 
 // Tests parsing --gtest_repeat=number
-TEST_F(InitGoogleTestTest, Repeat) {
+TEST_F(ParseFlagsTest, Repeat) {
   const char* argv[] = {
     "foo.exe",
     "--gtest_repeat=1000",
@@ -6209,7 +6200,7 @@
 }
 
 // Tests having a --gtest_also_run_disabled_tests flag
-TEST_F(InitGoogleTestTest, AlsoRunDisabledTestsFlag) {
+TEST_F(ParseFlagsTest, AlsoRunDisabledTestsFlag) {
     const char* argv[] = {
       "foo.exe",
       "--gtest_also_run_disabled_tests",
@@ -6226,7 +6217,7 @@
 }
 
 // Tests having a --gtest_also_run_disabled_tests flag with a "true" value
-TEST_F(InitGoogleTestTest, AlsoRunDisabledTestsTrue) {
+TEST_F(ParseFlagsTest, AlsoRunDisabledTestsTrue) {
     const char* argv[] = {
       "foo.exe",
       "--gtest_also_run_disabled_tests=1",
@@ -6243,7 +6234,7 @@
 }
 
 // Tests having a --gtest_also_run_disabled_tests flag with a "false" value
-TEST_F(InitGoogleTestTest, AlsoRunDisabledTestsFalse) {
+TEST_F(ParseFlagsTest, AlsoRunDisabledTestsFalse) {
     const char* argv[] = {
       "foo.exe",
       "--gtest_also_run_disabled_tests=0",
@@ -6260,7 +6251,7 @@
 }
 
 // Tests parsing --gtest_shuffle.
-TEST_F(InitGoogleTestTest, ShuffleWithoutValue) {
+TEST_F(ParseFlagsTest, ShuffleWithoutValue) {
   const char* argv[] = {
     "foo.exe",
     "--gtest_shuffle",
@@ -6276,7 +6267,7 @@
 }
 
 // Tests parsing --gtest_shuffle=0.
-TEST_F(InitGoogleTestTest, ShuffleFalse_0) {
+TEST_F(ParseFlagsTest, ShuffleFalse_0) {
   const char* argv[] = {
     "foo.exe",
     "--gtest_shuffle=0",
@@ -6291,9 +6282,8 @@
   GTEST_TEST_PARSING_FLAGS_(argv, argv2, Flags::Shuffle(false), false);
 }
 
-// Tests parsing a --gtest_shuffle flag that has a "true"
-// definition.
-TEST_F(InitGoogleTestTest, ShuffleTrue) {
+// Tests parsing a --gtest_shuffle flag that has a "true" definition.
+TEST_F(ParseFlagsTest, ShuffleTrue) {
   const char* argv[] = {
     "foo.exe",
     "--gtest_shuffle=1",
@@ -6309,7 +6299,7 @@
 }
 
 // Tests parsing --gtest_stack_trace_depth=number.
-TEST_F(InitGoogleTestTest, StackTraceDepth) {
+TEST_F(ParseFlagsTest, StackTraceDepth) {
   const char* argv[] = {
     "foo.exe",
     "--gtest_stack_trace_depth=5",
@@ -6324,7 +6314,7 @@
   GTEST_TEST_PARSING_FLAGS_(argv, argv2, Flags::StackTraceDepth(5), false);
 }
 
-TEST_F(InitGoogleTestTest, StreamResultTo) {
+TEST_F(ParseFlagsTest, StreamResultTo) {
   const char* argv[] = {
     "foo.exe",
     "--gtest_stream_result_to=localhost:1234",
@@ -6341,7 +6331,7 @@
 }
 
 // Tests parsing --gtest_throw_on_failure.
-TEST_F(InitGoogleTestTest, ThrowOnFailureWithoutValue) {
+TEST_F(ParseFlagsTest, ThrowOnFailureWithoutValue) {
   const char* argv[] = {
     "foo.exe",
     "--gtest_throw_on_failure",
@@ -6357,7 +6347,7 @@
 }
 
 // Tests parsing --gtest_throw_on_failure=0.
-TEST_F(InitGoogleTestTest, ThrowOnFailureFalse_0) {
+TEST_F(ParseFlagsTest, ThrowOnFailureFalse_0) {
   const char* argv[] = {
     "foo.exe",
     "--gtest_throw_on_failure=0",
@@ -6374,7 +6364,7 @@
 
 // Tests parsing a --gtest_throw_on_failure flag that has a "true"
 // definition.
-TEST_F(InitGoogleTestTest, ThrowOnFailureTrue) {
+TEST_F(ParseFlagsTest, ThrowOnFailureTrue) {
   const char* argv[] = {
     "foo.exe",
     "--gtest_throw_on_failure=1",
@@ -6389,9 +6379,9 @@
   GTEST_TEST_PARSING_FLAGS_(argv, argv2, Flags::ThrowOnFailure(true), false);
 }
 
-#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
+# if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
 // Tests parsing wide strings.
-TEST_F(InitGoogleTestTest, WideStrings) {
+TEST_F(ParseFlagsTest, WideStrings) {
   const wchar_t* argv[] = {
     L"foo.exe",
     L"--gtest_filter=Foo*",
@@ -6417,10 +6407,10 @@
 # endif  // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
 
 #if GTEST_USE_OWN_FLAGFILE_FLAG_
-class FlagfileTest : public InitGoogleTestTest {
+class FlagfileTest : public ParseFlagsTest {
  public:
   virtual void SetUp() {
-    InitGoogleTestTest::SetUp();
+    ParseFlagsTest::SetUp();
 
     testdata_path_.Set(internal::FilePath(
         testing::TempDir() + internal::GetCurrentExecutableName().string() +
@@ -6431,7 +6421,7 @@
 
   virtual void TearDown() {
     testing::internal::posix::RmDir(testdata_path_.c_str());
-    InitGoogleTestTest::TearDown();
+    ParseFlagsTest::TearDown();
   }
 
   internal::FilePath CreateFlagfile(const char* contents) {
@@ -6570,6 +6560,7 @@
 
 }  // namespace testing
 
+
 // These two lines test that we can define tests in a namespace that
 // has the name "testing" and is nested in another namespace.
 namespace my_namespace {
@@ -6650,7 +6641,7 @@
 }
 
 #ifdef __BORLANDC__
-// Restores warnings after previous "#pragma option push" supressed them
+// Restores warnings after previous "#pragma option push" suppressed them
 # pragma option pop
 #endif
 
@@ -6900,14 +6891,6 @@
   StaticAssertTypeEq<int*, IntAlias*>();
 }
 
-TEST(GetCurrentOsStackTraceExceptTopTest, ReturnsTheStackTrace) {
-  testing::UnitTest* const unit_test = testing::UnitTest::GetInstance();
-
-  // We don't have a stack walker in Google Test yet.
-  EXPECT_STREQ("", GetCurrentOsStackTraceExceptTop(unit_test, 0).c_str());
-  EXPECT_STREQ("", GetCurrentOsStackTraceExceptTop(unit_test, 1).c_str());
-}
-
 TEST(HasNonfatalFailureTest, ReturnsFalseWhenThereIsNoFailure) {
   EXPECT_FALSE(HasNonfatalFailure());
 }
@@ -7667,7 +7650,7 @@
   EXPECT_EQ(0, *it);
   ++it;
   EXPECT_EQ(1, *it);
-  ++it;
+  it++;
   EXPECT_EQ(2, *it);
   ++it;
   EXPECT_EQ(na.end(), it);
diff --git a/googletest/test/gtest_xml_outfile1_test_.cc b/googletest/test/gtest_xml_outfile1_test_.cc
index 531ced4..e3d1dd1 100644
--- a/googletest/test/gtest_xml_outfile1_test_.cc
+++ b/googletest/test/gtest_xml_outfile1_test_.cc
@@ -27,7 +27,6 @@
 // (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
 // OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 //
-// Author: keith.ray@gmail.com (Keith Ray)
 //
 // gtest_xml_outfile1_test_ writes some xml via TestProperty used by
 // gtest_xml_outfiles_test.py
diff --git a/googletest/test/gtest_xml_outfile2_test_.cc b/googletest/test/gtest_xml_outfile2_test_.cc
index 7b400b2..55eb8f3 100644
--- a/googletest/test/gtest_xml_outfile2_test_.cc
+++ b/googletest/test/gtest_xml_outfile2_test_.cc
@@ -27,7 +27,6 @@
 // (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
 // OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 //
-// Author: keith.ray@gmail.com (Keith Ray)
 //
 // gtest_xml_outfile2_test_ writes some xml via TestProperty used by
 // gtest_xml_outfiles_test.py
diff --git a/googletest/test/gtest_xml_outfiles_test.py b/googletest/test/gtest_xml_outfiles_test.py
index 678f546..24c6ee6 100755
--- a/googletest/test/gtest_xml_outfiles_test.py
+++ b/googletest/test/gtest_xml_outfiles_test.py
@@ -31,15 +31,11 @@
 
 """Unit test for the gtest_xml_output module."""
 
-__author__ = "keith.ray@gmail.com (Keith Ray)"
-
 import os
 from xml.dom import minidom, Node
-
 import gtest_test_utils
 import gtest_xml_test_utils
 
-
 GTEST_OUTPUT_SUBDIR = "xml_outfiles"
 GTEST_OUTPUT_1_TEST = "gtest_xml_outfile1_test_"
 GTEST_OUTPUT_2_TEST = "gtest_xml_outfile2_test_"
diff --git a/googletest/test/gtest_xml_output_unittest.py b/googletest/test/gtest_xml_output_unittest.py
index 9f92f98..325ca13 100755
--- a/googletest/test/gtest_xml_output_unittest.py
+++ b/googletest/test/gtest_xml_output_unittest.py
@@ -31,8 +31,6 @@
 
 """Unit test for the gtest_xml_output module"""
 
-__author__ = 'eefacm@gmail.com (Sean Mcafee)'
-
 import datetime
 import errno
 import os
@@ -43,12 +41,16 @@
 import gtest_test_utils
 import gtest_xml_test_utils
 
-
 GTEST_FILTER_FLAG = '--gtest_filter'
 GTEST_LIST_TESTS_FLAG = '--gtest_list_tests'
-GTEST_OUTPUT_FLAG         = "--gtest_output"
-GTEST_DEFAULT_OUTPUT_FILE = "test_detail.xml"
-GTEST_PROGRAM_NAME = "gtest_xml_output_unittest_"
+GTEST_OUTPUT_FLAG = '--gtest_output'
+GTEST_DEFAULT_OUTPUT_FILE = 'test_detail.xml'
+GTEST_PROGRAM_NAME = 'gtest_xml_output_unittest_'
+
+# The environment variables for test sharding.
+TOTAL_SHARDS_ENV_VAR = 'GTEST_TOTAL_SHARDS'
+SHARD_INDEX_ENV_VAR = 'GTEST_SHARD_INDEX'
+SHARD_STATUS_FILE_ENV_VAR = 'GTEST_SHARD_STATUS_FILE'
 
 SUPPORTS_STACK_TRACES = False
 
@@ -141,6 +143,19 @@
   </testsuite>
 </testsuites>"""
 
+EXPECTED_SHARDED_TEST_XML = """<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<testsuites tests="3" failures="0" disabled="0" errors="0" time="*" timestamp="*" name="AllTests" ad_hoc_property="42">
+  <testsuite name="SuccessfulTest" tests="1" failures="0" disabled="0" errors="0" time="*">
+    <testcase name="Succeeds" status="run" time="*" classname="SuccessfulTest"/>
+  </testsuite>
+  <testsuite name="NoFixtureTest" tests="1" failures="0" disabled="0" errors="0" time="*">
+     <testcase name="RecordProperty" status="run" time="*" classname="NoFixtureTest" key="1"/>
+  </testsuite>
+  <testsuite name="Single/ValueParamTest" tests="1" failures="0" disabled="0" errors="0" time="*">
+    <testcase name="AnotherTestThatHasValueParamAttribute/1" value_param="42" status="run" time="*" classname="Single/ValueParamTest" />
+  </testsuite>
+</testsuites>"""
+
 EXPECTED_EMPTY_XML = """<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 <testsuites tests="0" failures="0" disabled="0" errors="0" time="*"
             timestamp="*" name="AllTests">
@@ -182,7 +197,7 @@
     Runs a test program that generates an empty XML output, and checks if
     the timestamp attribute in the testsuites tag is valid.
     """
-    actual = self._GetXmlOutput('gtest_no_test_unittest', [], 0)
+    actual = self._GetXmlOutput('gtest_no_test_unittest', [], {}, 0)
     date_time_str = actual.documentElement.getAttributeNode('timestamp').value
     # datetime.strptime() is only available in Python 2.5+ so we have to
     # parse the expected datetime manually.
@@ -212,8 +227,7 @@
         'gtest_no_test_unittest')
     try:
       os.remove(output_file)
-    except OSError:
-      e = sys.exc_info()[1]
+    except OSError, e:
       if e.errno != errno.ENOENT:
         raise
 
@@ -263,7 +277,22 @@
     self._TestXmlOutput(GTEST_PROGRAM_NAME, EXPECTED_FILTERED_TEST_XML, 0,
                         extra_args=['%s=SuccessfulTest.*' % GTEST_FILTER_FLAG])
 
-  def _GetXmlOutput(self, gtest_prog_name, extra_args, expected_exit_code):
+  def testShardedTestXmlOutput(self):
+    """Verifies XML output when run using multiple shards.
+
+    Runs a test program that executes only one shard and verifies that tests
+    from other shards do not show up in the XML output.
+    """
+
+    self._TestXmlOutput(
+        GTEST_PROGRAM_NAME,
+        EXPECTED_SHARDED_TEST_XML,
+        0,
+        extra_env={SHARD_INDEX_ENV_VAR: '0',
+                   TOTAL_SHARDS_ENV_VAR: '10'})
+
+  def _GetXmlOutput(self, gtest_prog_name, extra_args, extra_env,
+                    expected_exit_code):
     """
     Returns the xml output generated by running the program gtest_prog_name.
     Furthermore, the program's exit code must be expected_exit_code.
@@ -274,7 +303,11 @@
 
     command = ([gtest_prog_path, '%s=xml:%s' % (GTEST_OUTPUT_FLAG, xml_path)] +
                extra_args)
-    p = gtest_test_utils.Subprocess(command)
+    environ_copy = os.environ.copy()
+    if extra_env:
+      environ_copy.update(extra_env)
+    p = gtest_test_utils.Subprocess(command, env=environ_copy)
+
     if p.terminated_by_signal:
       self.assert_(False,
                    '%s was killed by signal %d' % (gtest_prog_name, p.signal))
@@ -288,7 +321,7 @@
     return actual
 
   def _TestXmlOutput(self, gtest_prog_name, expected_xml,
-                     expected_exit_code, extra_args=None):
+                     expected_exit_code, extra_args=None, extra_env=None):
     """
     Asserts that the XML document generated by running the program
     gtest_prog_name matches expected_xml, a string containing another
@@ -297,7 +330,7 @@
     """
 
     actual = self._GetXmlOutput(gtest_prog_name, extra_args or [],
-                                expected_exit_code)
+                                extra_env or {}, expected_exit_code)
     expected = minidom.parseString(expected_xml)
     self.NormalizeXml(actual.documentElement)
     self.AssertEquivalentNodes(expected.documentElement,
diff --git a/googletest/test/gtest_xml_output_unittest_.cc b/googletest/test/gtest_xml_output_unittest_.cc
index 48b8771..2ee8838 100644
--- a/googletest/test/gtest_xml_output_unittest_.cc
+++ b/googletest/test/gtest_xml_output_unittest_.cc
@@ -27,8 +27,6 @@
 // (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
 // OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 
-// Author: eefacm@gmail.com (Sean Mcafee)
-
 // Unit test for Google Test XML output.
 //
 // A user can specify XML output in a Google Test program to run via
diff --git a/googletest/test/gtest_xml_test_utils.py b/googletest/test/gtest_xml_test_utils.py
index 341956b..d303425 100755
--- a/googletest/test/gtest_xml_test_utils.py
+++ b/googletest/test/gtest_xml_test_utils.py
@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python
-#
 # Copyright 2006, Google Inc.
 # All rights reserved.
 #
@@ -31,15 +29,10 @@
 
 """Unit test utilities for gtest_xml_output"""
 
-__author__ = 'eefacm@gmail.com (Sean Mcafee)'
-
 import re
 from xml.dom import minidom, Node
-
 import gtest_test_utils
 
-
-GTEST_OUTPUT_FLAG         = '--gtest_output'
 GTEST_DEFAULT_OUTPUT_FILE = 'test_detail.xml'
 
 class GTestXMLTestCase(gtest_test_utils.TestCase):
@@ -101,7 +94,7 @@
     self.assertEquals(
         len(expected_children), len(actual_children),
         'number of child elements differ in element ' + actual_node.tagName)
-    for child_id, child in expected_children.items():
+    for child_id, child in expected_children.iteritems():
       self.assert_(child_id in actual_children,
                    '<%s> is not in <%s> (in element %s)' %
                    (child_id, actual_children, actual_node.tagName))
@@ -187,8 +180,8 @@
           # Replaces the source line information with a normalized form.
           cdata = re.sub(source_line_pat, '\\1*\n', child.nodeValue)
           # Removes the actual stack trace.
-          child.nodeValue = re.sub(r'\nStack trace:\n(.|\n)*',
-                                   '', cdata)
+          child.nodeValue = re.sub(r'Stack trace:\n(.|\n)*',
+                                   'Stack trace:\n*', cdata)
     for child in element.childNodes:
       if child.nodeType == Node.ELEMENT_NODE:
         self.NormalizeXml(child)
diff --git a/googletest/test/production.cc b/googletest/test/production.cc
index 8b8a40b..006bb97 100644
--- a/googletest/test/production.cc
+++ b/googletest/test/production.cc
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
 //
 // Author: wan@google.com (Zhanyong Wan)
 //
-// This is part of the unit test for include/gtest/gtest_prod.h.
+// This is part of the unit test for gtest_prod.h.
 
 #include "production.h"
 
diff --git a/googletest/test/production.h b/googletest/test/production.h
index 98fd5e4..0f01d83 100644
--- a/googletest/test/production.h
+++ b/googletest/test/production.h
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
 //
 // Author: wan@google.com (Zhanyong Wan)
 //
-// This is part of the unit test for include/gtest/gtest_prod.h.
+// This is part of the unit test for gtest_prod.h.
 
 #ifndef GTEST_TEST_PRODUCTION_H_
 #define GTEST_TEST_PRODUCTION_H_
diff --git a/googletest/xcode/Scripts/versiongenerate.py b/googletest/xcode/Scripts/versiongenerate.py
index 16791d2..bdd7541 100755
--- a/googletest/xcode/Scripts/versiongenerate.py
+++ b/googletest/xcode/Scripts/versiongenerate.py
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
 # (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
 # OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 
-"""A script to prepare version informtion for use the gtest Info.plist file.
+"""A script to prepare version information for use the gtest Info.plist file.
 
   This script extracts the version information from the configure.ac file and
   uses it to generate a header file containing the same information. The